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| 6782964286 | What is a general term for problems with the heart? | acute coronary syndrome | 0 | |
| 6782964287 | What is another name for acute coronary syndrome? | cardiac compromise | 1 | |
| 6782964288 | What is the best known symptom of a heart problem? | chest pain | 2 | |
| 6782964289 | How would a patient describe chest pain? | crushing / dull / heavy / squeezing | 3 | |
| 6782964290 | To what three areas does pain, pressure, and discomfort associated with cardiac compromise commonly radiate? | 1. along the arms 2. down to the upper abdomen 3. up to the jaw | 4 | |
| 6782964291 | Although radiating pain is possible in both arms in cardiac compromise, which arm is most common? | the left arm | 5 | |
| 6782964292 | What is dyspnea? | shortness of breath | 6 | |
| 6782964293 | What is another frequent complaint (and sometimes the only complaint) in cardiac compromise? | dyspnea | 7 | |
| 6782964294 | What is bradycardia? | slow heart rate | 8 | |
| 6782964295 | How many beats per minute would be bradycardia? | less than 60 beats a minute | 9 | |
| 6782964296 | What is tachycardia? | fast heart rate | 10 | |
| 6782964297 | How many beats per minute would be tachycardia? | more than 100 beats a minute | 11 | |
| 6782964298 | What is asystole? | a condition in which the heart has ceased generating electrical impulses. | 12 | |
| 6782964299 | What is another name for an acute myocardial infarction? | heart attack | 13 | |
| 6782964300 | What is an acute myocardial infarction (AMI)? | condition in which a portion of the mycardium dies as a result of oxygen starvation | 14 | |
| 6782964301 | What is nitroglycerin? | a medication that dilates the blood vessels | 15 | |
| 6782964302 | In what three forms is nitroglycerin available? | 1. tablets 2. sprays 3. patches | 16 | |
| 6782964303 | What is sudden death? | a cardiac arrest that occurs within 2 hours of the onset of symptoms. | 17 | |
| 6782964304 | What is the purpose of nitroglycerin? | to dilate the blood vessels | 18 | |
| 6782964305 | What are the three side effects of nitroglycerin? | 1. hypotension (lowers blood pressure) 2. headache 3. pulse rate change | 19 | |
| 6782964306 | What is the maximum number of doses of nitroglycerin? | 3 | 20 | |
| 6782964307 | To administer nitroglycerin, what does a patients systolic blood pressure need to be? | greater than 90 systolic | 21 | |
| 6782964308 | How many minutes between doses for nitroglycerin? | 5 minutes | 22 | |
| 6782964309 | What are the 5 conditions that must be met to administer nitroglycerin? | 1. patient must complain of chest pain 2. patient must have a history of cardiac problems 3. patient must have a prescription of nitroglycerin 4. systolic blood pressure must be above 90 5. must be authorized by medical direction | 23 | |
| 6782964310 | What are the 5 constraindications of nitroglycerin? | 1. patient has hypotension or systolic blood pressure below 90 2. patient has a head injury 3. patient is an infant or child 4. patient has already taken the maximum prescribed dose 5. patient has recently taken Viagra, Cialis or other ED medications | 24 | |
| 6782964311 | What is the dosage for aspirin? | 162-324 mg (2-4 81 mg tablets of chewable baby aspirin) | 25 | |
| 6782964312 | What are the 5 side effects of aspirin? | 1. nausea 2. vomiting 3. heartburn 4. if patient is allergic, bronchospasm, and wheezing 5. bleeding | 26 | |
| 6782964313 | What are the 6 contraindications of aspirin? | 1. patient is unable to swallow w/o endangering the airway 2. patient is allergic or sensitive to aspirin 3. patient has a history of asthma 4. patient has gastrointestinal ulcer or recent bleeeding 5. patient has a known bleeding disorder 6. medical direction may decide to allow if: patient is already taking aspirin / | 27 | |
| 6782964314 | What three reasons medical direction might not allow a patient to have aspirin? | 1. patient is already taking aspirin or clot prevention medication 2. pregnant 3. recent surgery | 28 | |
| 6782964315 | What is an aneuysm? | the dilation, or ballooning, or a weakened section of the wall of an artery | 29 | |
| 6782964316 | What is coronary artery disease? | diseases that affect the arteries of the heart | 30 | |
| 6782964317 | What is a thrombus? | a clot formed of blood and plaque attached to the inner wall of an artery or vein | 31 | |
| 6782964318 | What is an occlusion? | a blockage | 32 | |
| 6782964319 | What is often the result of the buildup of fatty deposits on the inner walls of arteries? | coronary artery disease (CAD) | 33 | |
| 6782964320 | What is an embolism? | a blockage of a vessel or artery due to the breaking lose of a thrombus | 34 | |
| 6782964321 | What are two factors that cannot be changed for putting people at risk for CAD? | 1. heredity 2. age | 35 | |
| 6782964322 | What are factors that can be changed for putting people at risk for CAD? | 1. hypertension (high blood pressure) 2. obesity 3. lack of exercise 4. elevated cholesterol and triglycerides 5. smoking | 36 | |
| 6782964323 | Where are the two most common sites of aneurysms? | 1. aorta 2. brain | 37 | |
| 6782964324 | What is dysrhythmia? | a malfunction of the hearts electrical system -- an irregular, or absent, heart rhythm | 38 | |
| 6782964325 | What is another name for a myocardial infarction? | heart attack | 39 | |
| 6782964326 | What is ventricular fibrillation? | a condition in which the heart's electrical impulses are disorganized, preventing the heart muscle from contracting normally | 40 | |
| 6782964327 | What is ventricular tachycardia? | a condition in the which the heartbeat is so rapid it does not all the heart's chambers to fill with enough blood between beats to produce sufficient blood flow to the body | 41 | |
| 6782964328 | What are the two shockable rhythms? | 1. ventricular fibrillation 2. ventricular tachycardia | 42 | |
| 6782964329 | What are the two nonshockable rhythms? | 1. pulseless electrical activity (PEA) 2. asystole | 43 | |
| 6782964330 | What is another name for asystole? | flatline | 44 | |
| 6782964331 | What is a mechanical pump failure? | a lack of oxygen causes the death of a portion of the myocardium. It can no longer contract and pump | 45 | |
| 6782964332 | What is angina pectoris? | a pain in the chest due to a narrowing of the arteries that supply the heart | 46 | |
| 6782964333 | During what two events does angina pectoris commonly occur? | 1. exertion 2. stress | 47 | |
| 6782964334 | What is the beneficial action of a beta blocker? | it slows the heart and makes it beat less strongly -- results in a decrease in the work the heart has to do | 48 | |
| 6782964335 | In what type of patients is a beta blocker prescribed? | patients who suffer from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) | 49 | |
| 6782964336 | What is pedal edema? | accumulation of fluid in the feet or ankles | 50 | |
| 6782964337 | What is edema? | swelling resulting from the buildup of fluid in the tissues | 51 | |
| 6782964338 | What is pulmonary edema? | accumulation of fluid in the lungs | 52 | |
| 6782964339 | What is acute myocardial infarction (AMI)? | a condition in which a portion of the myocardium (heart muscle) dies as a result of oxygen starvation | 53 | |
| 6782964340 | What are 11 signs/symptoms of congestive heart failure? | 1. tachycardia (rapid pulse, 100 beats/minute or more) 2. dyspnea (shortness of breath) 3. normal or elevated blood pressure 4. cyanosis 5. diaphoresis (profuse sweating) 6. cool/clammy skin 7. pulmonary edema -- coughing of frothy white or pink sputum 8. anxiety or confusion due to hypoxia 9. pedal edema 10. engorged, pulsating neck veins 11. enlarged liver and spleen w/ abdominal distention | 54 | |
| 6782964341 | What is congestive heart failure (CHF)? | a condition of excessive fluid buildup in the lungs and/or other organs and body parts due to the inadequate pumping of the heart | 55 | |
| 6782964342 | What is the key to high-performance CPR? | increasing cardiac output | 56 | |
| 6782964343 | What are the 7 elements of high-performance CPR? | 1. compressing the chest at least 2 inches in adults 2. allowing for full relaxation on the upstroke of compressions 3. spending half of each compression on the downstroke and half on the upstroke 4. using correct hand position 5. compressing the chest at least 100 times per minute 6. spending no more than one second on each ventilation 7. minimizing interruptions of CPR to no more than 10 seconds each | 57 | |
| 6782964344 | What two links in the chain of survival can an EMT provide? | early CPR and rapid defibrilation | 58 | |
| 6782964345 | What do you with AED and the patient loses pulse on way to hospital? | pull over and let the AED analyze | 59 | |
| 6782964346 | What is the cause and examples of cardiac arrest in infants? | respiratory problems such as airway obstruction and drowning | 60 | |
| 6782964347 | What is the best way to resuscitate infants? | aggressive airway management and artificial ventilation w/ chest compressions | 61 | |
| 6782964348 | What should you do if you see a nitroglycerin patch on a patient's chest before using the AED? | remove it carefully | 62 | |
| 6782964349 | Why do EMS agencies use a mechanical CPR device? | it assist the EMTs with providing high-quality compressions | 63 | |
| 6782964350 | What is the role of EMT in cardiac arrest? | use the defibrillator and documents the call | 64 | |
| 6782964351 | What condition could have a patient awake with a pulse? | ventricular tachycardia | 65 | |
| 6782964352 | What do you do if a bystander or others are doing CPR? | jump in there with them and help. | 66 | |
| 6782964353 | What is most always the reason as to why the AED delivers an inappropriate shock? | human error | 67 | |
| 6782964354 | What is the sequence for AED? | 1. verify arrest 2. start CPR 3. turn on AED 4. apply AED and clear patient 5. press analyze button | 68 | |
| 6782964355 | When using the AED, after how many shocks do you prepare for transport? | 3 | 69 | |
| 6782964356 | What is the shock sequece for an AED with a pulseless V-tac? | 1. deliver 1 shock 2. if patient does not wake up -- perform 2 minutes (5 cycles) of CPR 3. analyze 4. deliver 1 more shock is given the shock message 5. continue with CPR / analyze / shock for 3 shockes | 70 | |
| 6782964357 | What do you say before pushing the shock button on the AED? | CLEAR!!!! | 71 | |
| 6782964358 | What are 3 contraindications to using a defibrillator? | 1. the defibrillator pads won't fit the patient without touching each other. 2. patient has serious trauma 3. patient has hypothermia (attempt once until core temp. is 86 F.) | 72 | |
| 6782964359 | If a patient has chest pain, how should he be treated? | as he is having a heart attack | 73 | |
| 6782964360 | What shockable rhythm in cardiac arrest tends to quiver like a bag of worms? | ventricular fibrillation | 74 | |
| 6782964361 | What is another name for hypoperfusion? | shock | 75 | |
| 6782964362 | What are the 2 most common conditions that result in cardiac arrest? | 1. ventricular fibrillation 2. ventricular tachycardia | 76 | |
| 6782964363 | What is important on a myocardial infarction? | oxygen | 77 | |
| 6782964364 | What is NOT a common condition that results in cardiac arrest? | asystole | 78 | |
| 6782964365 | What pain medication will help fix a complete occlusion of the coronary artery? | nothing | 79 | |
| 6782964366 | Of the four conditions that result in cardiac arrest, which one can you have a pulse? | ventricular tachycardia | 80 | |
| 6782964367 | In cardiac care, what is the best possibility? | early defibrillation | 81 | |
| 6782964368 | What does early defibrillation often results in what happening faster? | ROSC -- return of spontaneous circulation | 82 | |
| 6782964369 | Does defibrillation work everytime? | no | 83 | |
| 6782964370 | What should you do if a bystander is doing high quality CPR? | jump in with them and help | 84 | |
| 6782964371 | After an AED shocks, what is the next step? | continue with CPR | 85 | |
| 6782964372 | What are the signs and symptoms of an aneurysm? | 86 |
