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Emergency Care 13th Edition Chapter 2 Flashcards

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8726621469ContaminationThe introduction of dangerous chemicals, disease, or infectious material into an area or persons which has not been previously affected by said agent.0
8726621470Critical Incident Stress ManagementA comprehensive system that includes education and resources to both prevent stress and to deal with stress appropriately.1
8726621471DecontaminationThe removal or cleansing of dangerous chemicals and other dangerous or infectious materials.2
8726621472Hazardous Material IncidentThe release of a harmful substance into the environment.3
8726621473Multiple-casualty incident.An emergency involving multiple patients.4
8726621474PathogensThe organisms that cause infection, such as viruses and bacteria.5
8726621475Personal Protective EquipmentEquipment that protects the EMS worker from infection and/or exposure to the dangers of rescue operations.6
8726621476Standard PrecautionsA strict form of infection control that is based upon the assumption that all blood and other body fluids are infectious.7
8726621477StressA state of physical and or psychological stimulus.8
8726621478Delayed Stress ReactionAlso known as PTSD, can be triggered by a specific event but psychological effects may not present until days, months, or even years later. Characterized by nightmares, feelings of detachment, irritability, sleep difficulties, or problems with concentration.9
8726621479Acute Stress ReactionOften linked to catastrophes, such as large scale natural disasters. Reaction occurs rapidly and may develop simultaneously with the incident or within a very short time following the incident. Signs and symptoms may include chest pain, difficulty breathing, abnormal heart rhythms, uncontrollable crying, inappropriate behavior, and a disruption in normal, rational thinking.10
8726621480Cumulative Stress ReactionThis reaction, also known as, "burnout," results from sustained low-level stressors and develop over a period of years.11
8726621481Cumulative Stress Reaction Early SignsVague anxiety, progressing to boredom, apathy, and a feeling of emotional exhaustion.12
8726621482Cumulative Stress Reaction Progressing SignsPhysical complaints begin to appear. Headaches, stomach ailments, disturbances in sleep, loss of emotional control, irritability, withdrawal from others, and increasing depression. May also include substance abuse, loss of sexual drive, poor interpersonal relationships, and limited self control.13
8726621483Cumulative Stress Reaction Late SignsMay present as a physical illness, uncontrollable emotions, overwhelming physical and emotional fatigue, severe social withdrawal, paranoia, or suicidal thoughts.14
8726621484Significant Causes of Stress for EMTs'Multiple-casualty incidents Calls involving infants and children Severe injuries Abuse and neglect (Elderly and Pediatrics) Death of a co-workers15

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