Terms : Hide Images
| 3790980702 | pathophysiology | study of how disease processes affect the function of the body | 0 | |
| 3790983348 | mitochondria | powerhouse of the cell | 1 | |
| 3790986264 | mitochondria | produces energy for the cell | 2 | |
| 3790990384 | metabolism | the cellular function of converting nutrients into energy (converting glucose into ATP) | 3 | |
| 3791002009 | adenosine triphosphate (ATP) | the cell's internally created fuel, responsible for powering all the other cellular functions | 4 | |
| 3791013188 | sodium potassium pump | specialized mechanism the actively move ions back and forth across the cell membrane | 5 | |
| 3791028741 | cell | basic building block of the body | 6 | |
| 3791034184 | electrolytes | substances that, when dissolved in water, separate into charged particles | 7 | |
| 3791042178 | important electrolytes | sodium, potassium, and magnesium | 8 | |
| 3791045090 | glucose | simple sugar obtained from food that is the basic nutrient of the cell (basic building block for energy in the form of ATP) | 9 | |
| 3791053505 | insulin | required in the blood to help move glucose from the blood into the cells (body must have a consistent supply and must match the body's glucose requirements to ensure that the energy needs of the cells are met) | 10 | |
| 3791067335 | oxygen | used by the cell to metabolize glucose into energy | 11 | |
| 3791070961 | aerobic metabolism | the cellular process in which oxygen is used to metabolize glucose. Energy is produced in an efficient manner with minimal waste products, including carbon dioxide | 12 | |
| 3791078308 | anaerobic metabolism | the cellular process in which glucose is metabolized into energy without oxygen. Energy is produced in an inefficient manner with many waste products. Lactic acid is created | 13 | |
| 3791637464 | respiratory system | supplies the oxygen necessary for aerobic metabolism | 14 | |
| 3791642556 | cardiovascular system | carries oxygen to the cells | 15 | |
| 3791653285 | cell membrane | vulnerable element of the cell | 16 | |
| 3791659740 | permeability | the ability to effectively transfer fluids, electrolytes, and other substances in and out of the cell | 17 | |
| 3791670254 | 21% | percentage of oxygen in inhaled air | 18 | |
| 3791676925 | fraction of inspired air (FiO2) | the fraction of inspired oxygen / the concentration of oxygen in the air we breathe | 19 | |
| 3791685003 | patent | open and clear / free from obstruction | 20 | |
| 3791693313 | tidal volume | the volume of air moved in one cycle of breathing | 21 | |
| 3791695056 | minute volume | the amount of air breathed in during each respiration multiplied by the number of breaths per minute | 22 | |
| 3791705326 | dead air space | air that occupies the space between the mouth and the alveoli but that does not actually reach the area of gas exchange | 23 | |
| 3792285484 | medulla oblongata | the seat of respiratory control | 24 | |
| 3792298373 | inhalation | active process -- diaphragm contracts, chest expands, negative pressure is created -- air is pulled in through the trachea | 25 | |
| 3792307292 | exhalation | passive process -- diaphragm relaxes, chest returns to normal, positive pressure is created -- air is pushed out | 26 | |
| 3792319639 | hypoxia | low oxygen | 27 | |
| 3792322168 | hypercapnia | high carbon dioxide | 28 | |
| 3792327321 | chemoreceptors | chemical sensors in the brain and blood vessels that identify changing levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide | 29 | |
| 3792334157 | blood | vehicle by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported | 30 | |
| 3792339108 | plasma | liquid portion of the blood | 31 | |
| 3792341061 | hemoglobin | carry oxygen in red blood cells | 32 | |
| 3792343540 | white blood cells | fight infection | 33 | |
| 3792348763 | plasma oncotic pressure | the pull exerted by large proteins in the plasma portion of the blood that tends to pull water from the body into the bloodstream | 34 | |
| 3792380513 | hydrostatic pressure | the pressure within a blood vessel that tends to push water out of the vessel | 35 | |
| 3792386808 | anemia | decrease in the number of red blood cells | 36 | |
| 3792390050 | arteries (with one exception) | carry oxygenated blood | 37 | |
| 3792395956 | veins (with one exception) | carry deoxygenated blood | 38 | |
| 3792402305 | pulmonary artery | carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs | 39 | |
| 3792404215 | pulmonary veins | carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart | 40 | |
| 3792409841 | capillaries | thin walls that allow for movement of substances into and out of the bloodstream | 41 | |
| 3792418148 | arterioles | the smallest arteries | 42 | |
| 3792423897 | stretch receptors | sensors in blood vessels that identify internal pressure and transmits messages to the nervous system to make the necessary adjustments | 43 | |
| 3792436744 | vasodilation | uncontrolled dilation of the blood vessels | 44 | |
| 3792439885 | loss of tone | the inability of blood vessels to control their diameter | 45 | |
| 3792448532 | excessive permeability | condition in which the capillaries become over permeable (leaky) allowing too much fluid to flow out through their walls | 46 | |
| 3792460125 | stroke volume | the amount of blood ejected from the heart in one contraction (normally 70 mL) | 47 | |
| 3792464518 | preload | how much blood is returned to the heart prior to the contraction. The greater the filling of the heart, the greater the stroke volume | 48 | |
| 3792650750 | contractility | the force of contraction, that is, how hard the heart squeezes. The more forceful the muscle squeezes, the greater the stroke volume | 49 | |
| 3792662735 | afterload | a function of systematic vascular resistance. It is how much pressure the heart has to pump against to force blood out into the system. The greater the pressure in the system, the lower the stroke volume | 50 | |
| 3792700804 | cardiac output | the amount of blood ejected from the heart in one minute (heart rate x stroke volume) | 51 | |
| 3793167024 | hypertention | increased blood pressure | 52 | |
| 3793168884 | hypotension | low blood pressure | 53 | |
| 3793207397 | ventricular fibrillation | heart is quivering and cant contract or pump properly | 54 | |
| 3793249153 | perfusion | the regular supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the cells and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of blood through capillaries | 55 | |
| 3793271537 | hypoperfusion | the inability of the body to adequately circulate blood to the body's cells to supply them with oxygen and nutrients | 56 | |
| 3793277205 | hypoperfusion | shock | 57 | |
| 3793280715 | hypovolemic shock | type of shock -- low blood volume that leads to reduced pressure in the cardiovascular system. Heart has great difficulty pumping blood to all the necessary regions of the body | 58 | |
| 3793309982 | distributive shock | type of shock -- blood vessel tone is lost, the smooth muscle in the vessels loses its ability to maintain a normal diameter | 59 | |
| 3793326141 | cardiogenic shock | type of shock -- heart fails in its ability to pump blood and the heart can no longer maintain the pressure in the cardiovascular system and blood fails to be pumped to the cells | 60 | |
| 3793333826 | obstructive shock | type of shock -- large quantities of blood are prevented from reaching essential organs and vital areas | 61 | |
| 3793353203 | symptoms of compensated shock | slight mental status change / increased heart rate / increased respiratory rate / delayed capillary refill time / pale skin and moist to touch / sweating | 62 | |
| 3793380211 | diaphoresis | cool, pale, and moist/sweaty skin | 63 | |
| 3793385318 | decompensated shock | compensatory mechanisms have not been successful or have failed in their effort to sustain perfusion | 64 | |
| 3793398423 | irreversible shock | inadequately perfused organ systems begin to die / patient death will soon follow | 65 | |
| 3793406945 | 60% | amount of the body that is made of water | 66 | |
| 3793410783 | intracellular | water that is inside the cells (70%) | 67 | |
| 3793411979 | intravascular | water that is in the bloodstream (5%) | 68 | |
| 3793414284 | interstitial | water that can be found between the cells and blood vessels (25%) | 69 | |
| 3793418305 | dehydration | abnormally low amount of water in the body | 70 | |
| 3793423555 | edema | swelling associated with the movement of water into the interstitial space | 71 | |
| 3793429795 | meninges | protective layers that protect the brain and spinal cord | 72 | |
| 3793453308 | meningitis | an infection of the brain and spinal cord | 73 | |
| 3793459628 | hypoglycemia | low blood sugar | 74 | |
| 3793494693 | major systems of the endocrine system | kidneys and brain | 75 | |
| 3793498210 | nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea | most common digestive disorders | 76 | |
| 3793573681 | hypersensitivity | exaggerated immune response (allergic reaction) | 77 | |
| 3793606880 | histamine | chemicals released due to hypersensitivity that produces edema and sometimes a narrowing of the airways because of changes in blood vessel permeability | 78 | |
| 3793618822 | signs of neurologic impairment | altered mental status / seizures / inability or difficulty to speak / visual or hearing disturbance / difficulty walking / paralysis / weakness / loss of sensation / pupil changes | 79 |
