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Enduring Vision Chapter One Flashcards

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1143958689AdenaAn early Native American culture centered in the Ohio River valley from about the tenth century B.C. to about the second century A.D., noted for its elaborate burial mounds, and highly developed artistic style.0
1143958690Anasazi cultureThe culture that originated during the first century B.C. in the Four Corners area.1
1143958691Archaic peoplesNative Americans who flourished in the US after 4000 B.C.2
1143958692AztecsThe empire that migrated from the north during the 13th century and settled on the shore of Lake Texcoco as subjects of the local inhabitants.3
1143958693CahokiaArea located near modern St. Louis, Missouri, where about twenty thousand people inhabited a 125-square-mile metropolitan area.4
1143958694chiefdomsPolitical societies in Mesoamerica where the earliest hereditary rulers exercised absolute power over a few closely clustered communities.5
1143958695extended familiesExtension of the nuclear family that included additional relatives.6
1143958696Hohokam cultureThe culture that emerged in the Southwest during the third century B.C., when ancestors of the Akimel O'odham and Tohono O'odham Indians began farming in the Gila and Salt River valleys of southern Arizona.7
1143958697HopewellAn early Native American culture centered in the Ohio River valley from about the second century B.C. to the fourth century A.D., noted for the construction of extensive earthworks and large conical burial mounds and for its highly developed arts and crafts.8
1143958698IncasThe empire that conquered and subordinated societies over much of the Andes and adjacent regions after 1438.9
1143958699Iroquois ConfederacyThe council of chiefs from the Onondaga, Mohawk, Oneida, Cayuga and Seneca Iroquois nations.10
1143958700MesoamericaLand that is now central and southern Mexico and Central America.11
1143958701MississippianAn early Native American culture formed in about A.D. 700 in the floodplains of the Mississippi River and noted for the construction of extensive earthworks and large conical burial mounds, religious ceremonies and for its highly sophisticated arts and crafts.12
1143958702nuclear familiesFamilies that consist of a husband, a wife, and their biological children13
1143958703Paleo-IndiansThe earliest Americans.14
1143958704Poverty PointThe town on the lower Mississippi River that was the center of the Indian communities around 1200 B.C.15
1143958705reciprocityThe mutual bestowing of gifts and favors.16
1143958706statesPolitical societies in Mesoamerica where a ruler or government exercises direct authority over many communities.17
1143958707wampumPurple-and-white shells that laid in the dry lakebed that Hiawatha walked onto.18
1143958708Ancestral Pueblowere an ancient Native American culture centered on the present-day Four Corners area of the United States, comprising southern Utah, northern Arizona, northwest New Mexico, and a lesser section of Colorado. They lived in "houses" called pueblos in which they lifted up ladders when enemies attacked when they came near. best-known for the stone and adobe dwellings built along cliff walls, particularly during the Pueblo II and Pueblo III eras. Adobe structures are constructed with bricks created from sand, clay, and water, with some fibrous or organic material, shaped using frames and dried in the sun.19
1143958709Chaco CanyonAn urban center established by Anasazi located in southern New Mexico. There, they built a walled city with dozens of three-story adobe houses with timbered roofs. Community religious functions were carried out in two large circular chambers called kivas.20
1143958710mound-building culture, and Adena cultureEastern Woodlands societies, which flourished from 1200 B.C.E.-1400 C.E.; included Poverty Point, Adena, Hopewell, and Mississippian21
1143958711Hopewell and Mississippian culturesOhio and Illinois river valleys, ceremonial centers- Larger that Adena some contained 2 0r 3 dozen mounds within an enclosure of several miles squared, Elaborate burial goods, Primarily hunter/Gatherers.22
1143958712Eastern Woodlands peoplesMany eastern Indians established populous villages and complex confederations well before adopting full-time, maize-based farming. Peoples: Iroquois & Algonquians ( grouped because of languages)23
1143958714the Sun DanceA ceremony the Sioux believed help keep the buffalo strong.24

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