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| 1144902722 | A Model of Christian Charity | This spelled out the Massachusetts Bay colony's social and political ideals. It declared that Massachusetts "shall be as a city upon a hill, the eyes of all people are upon us." The settlers would build a harmonious, godly community in which individuals would subordinate their personal interests to a higher purpose. The result would be an example for all the world and would particularly inspire England to live up to its role as God's "elect nation". | 0 | |
| 1144902723 | Act for Religious Toleration | Passed in 1649, it affirmed religious toleration in Maryland. It was also know as the Toleration Act. | 1 | |
| 1144902724 | Anne Hutchinson | A member of the Boston congregation who publicly criticized the clergy for judging prospective church members on the basis of "good works" — the Catholic standard for salvation that Protestants had criticized since Reformation. | 2 | |
| 1144902725 | beaver wars | Series of conflicts among the members of the Iroquois nation in a quest for pelts and captives who could be adopted into Iroquois families to replace the dead. | 3 | |
| 1144902726 | John Winthrop | Governor of Massachusetts Bay colony who wrote "A Model of Christian Charity". | 4 | |
| 1144902727 | King Philip's War | War in 1675 between the Wampanoags and the Plymouth colonists, which was ignited by the hanging of three Wampanoags for killing a Christian Indian. | 5 | |
| 1144902728 | Lord Baltimore | Catholic nobleman who received a proprietary grant from Charles I for a large tract of land north of the Potomac River and east of the Chesapeake Bay. | 6 | |
| 1144902729 | New England Way | A set of official policies set by Puritan ministers to maintain order in the colony. | 7 | |
| 1144902730 | patrons | The Dutch name for manor lords. | 8 | |
| 1144902731 | Pequot War | War in 1637 between the colonists of Connecticut and the Pequot Indians. The colonists won, and they took over the Pequots' land. | 9 | |
| 1144902732 | proprietary colony | A type of colony that is administered by proprietors, usually one or two English elites. | 10 | |
| 1144902733 | Pueblo Revolt | The most successful Indian uprising in American history. Taos and Apache Indians attacked the homes of 70 Spanish colonists and killed all but two. | 11 | |
| 1144902734 | Quakers | A religious sect that appealed strongly to men and women at the bottom of the economic ladder. They believed that the Holy Spirit or the "Inner Light" could inspire every soul. Mainstream Christians, by contrast, found any such claim of direct, personal communication to God highly dangerous. | 12 | |
| 1144902735 | Restoration | Period when the English monarchy was restored after Oliver Cromwell's death and Charles II was crowned. | 13 | |
| 1144902736 | Robert Cavelier de la Salle | An ambitious upper-class adventurer who descended the entire Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico. When he reached the delta, La Salle formally claimed the entire Mississippi basin for Louis XIV, in whose honor he named the territory of Louisiana. | 14 | |
| 1144902737 | Roger Williams | A minister who advocated complete separation of church and state and religious toleration. | 15 | |
| 1144902738 | royal colony | A type of colony that is administered by a crown-appointed governor, who would appoint and dismiss leading gentlemen in the colony to an advisory council. | 16 | |
| 1144902739 | William Penn | The proprietor of the last unallocated tract of American territory at the king's disposal. | 17 | |
| 1144902740 | conversion relation | Part of the Massachusetts Puritans practice, it was a requirement of new members. The Relation required that any member of the congregation must go through an examination before the congregation. Because of its unpleasantness, later generations did not go accept it and the half-way covenant was adopted. | 18 | |
| 1144902741 | Massachusetts General Court | A small number of shareholders in the company who held the power bestowed upon them by the original charter of 1629. this would expand into the General Court we know today which meets at Beacon Hill in Massachusetts | 19 | |
| 1144902742 | New England town meeting | Focus of NE politics. Allowed all adult males in communities to participate in governing. New England system would not work well in cities with large populations. | 20 | |
| 1144902743 | Charles I | King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1625-1649). His power struggles with Parliament resulted in the English Civil War (1642-1648) in which he was defeated. He was tried for treason and beheaded in 1649 | 21 | |
| 1144902744 | Oliver Cromwell | English military, political, and religious figure who led the Parliamentarian victory in the English Civil War (1642-1649) and called for the execution of Charles I. As lord protector of England (1653-1658) he ruled as a virtual dictator. | 22 | |
| 1144902745 | Stuart Restoration | reestablishment of monarchy in the person of Charles II, the son of Charles I, after Cromwell's death. It temporarily ended England's troubles. King Charles II was restored to the throne. | 23 | |
| 1144902746 | Halfway Covenant | A Puritan church document; In 1662, the Halfway Covenant allowed partial membership rights to persons not yet converted into the Puritan church; It lessened the difference between the "elect" members of the church from the regular members; Women soon made up a larger portion of Puritan congregations. | 24 | |
| 1144902747 | "praying towns," "praying Indians" | Mass Tribe Indians willing to try Christianity; established by the society of propagation of the gospel in new England | 25 | |
| 1144902748 | King Philip's War | 1675 - A series of battles in New Hampshire between the colonists and the Wompanowogs, led by a chief known as King Philip. The war was started when the Massachusetts government tried to assert court jurisdiction over the local Indians. The colonists won with the help of the Mohawks, and this victory opened up additional Indian lands for expansion. | 26 | |
| 1144902749 | indentured servants | Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years | 27 | |
| 1144902750 | Virginia House of Burgesses and Governor's Council | established in 1619 by Jamestown. Was Americas first elected legislature. | 28 | |
| 1144902751 | Maryland Act for Religious Toleration | The Maryland Toleration Act, also known as the Act Concerning Religion, was a law mandating religious tolerance for trinitarian Christians. Passed on April 21, 1649 by the assembly of the Maryland colony, it was the second law requiring religious tolerance in the British North American colonies and created the first legal limitations on hate speech in the world. | 29 | |
| 1144902752 | Bacon's Rebellion | 1676 Virginian rebellion of frontiersmen (wretched bachelors) sparked by governor Berkeley's refusal to retaliate for a series of brutal Indian attacks on frontier settlements; killed Indians, chased Berkeley from Jamestown, and set fire to Jamestown; plundering and pilfering; crushed by Berkeley with cruelty of haging over twenty rebels; rebellion ignited resentments of landless former servants and pitted the frontiersmen against the gentry of the plantations; caused gentry to seek out African slaves | 30 | |
| 1144902753 | Anthony Ashley Cooper and John Locke | In 1669 convinced propriotors to invest their own money into their colony. Went to Barbados to pick up some recruits. Wrote the Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina. | 31 | |
| 1144902754 | Peter Stuyvesant | A Dutch General; He led a small military expedition in 1664. He was known as "Father Wooden Leg". Lost the New Netherlands to the English. He was governor of New Netherlands | 32 | |
| 1144902755 | William Penn and the Quakers | Settled in Pennsylvania, believed the "Inner Light" could speak through any person and ran religious services without ministers. Quakers were very pious group of religious dissenters in England, that emerged during the mid-1600's. They refused to support the Church of England with taxes.In England, Quakers were looked down upon, often jailed and fined. William Penn, in 1681, was able to get a grant of fertile land in the new world. The King owed Penn's Father a debt, so he named the place Pennsylvania (meaning Penn's Woodland) in his honor. Pennsylvania eventually became a haven for several different ethnic groups, especially religious misfits that were treated harshly in the other colonies. They even kept great relations with the native-Americans nearby | 33 | |
| 1144902756 | coureurs de bois | (runners of the woods) French fur traders, many of mixed Amerindian heritage, who lived among and often married with Amerindian peoples of North America. | 34 | |
| 1144902757 | Pope and the Pueblo Revolt (1680) | One of the pueblo religious leaders that was jailed. Began planning a rebellion, the Pueblo Revolt. The Pueblo attacked and the Spanish survivors were forced to flee New Mexico | 35 | |
| 1144902758 | Third Anglo-Powhatan War | (1644-1646) led by Opechancanough, killed five hundred of the colony's 8000 whites. Agreed to remain in boundaries set by English Government | 36 | |
| 1144902759 | patroons | Landowners in the Dutch Colonies who ruled like a king over large areas of land. | 37 | |
| 1144902760 | "New England Way" | The Puritan dominance of New England and their desire to create a utopian society based on their doctrine created a distinct society in New England. Unlike other colonies, Puritans were guided by their religion and created a government and society tied to the church. | 38 |
