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| 13721721565 | Thermal Energy | Internal energy in a substance-the vibration and movement of the atoms and molecules within substances | 0 | |
| 13721724886 | Chemical Energy | Energy is stored in bonds between atoms in a molecule | 1 | |
| 13721726517 | Electrical Energy | Results from the motion of electrons | 2 | |
| 13721727411 | Nuclear Energy | Stored in the nuclei of atoms, and it is released by either splitting or joining atoms | 3 | |
| 13721730543 | Electromagnetic Energy | Energy travels by EM waves | 4 | |
| 13733610439 | first law of thermodynamics | Energy cannot be created or destroyed | 5 | |
| 13733611349 | second law of thermodynamics | when energy is converted from one form to another, some of it is degraded into heat, a less usable form that disperses into the environment | 6 | |
| 13733645848 | Law of Supply and Demand | Explains the interaction between the supply of a resource and the demand for that resource. It also defines the effect the availability of a product and the desire for that product has on a price. Generally, a low supply and a high demand increases the price, while in contrast, a greater supply and a lower demand causes the price to fall. | 7 | |
| 13733659953 | Nonrenewable Energy Sources | Resources that are limited or fossil fuels, like coal, oil, and natural gas. Arguments defending continued use: -abundant supply resulting relatively low prices for consumers -Infrastructure already in place for extraction, processing, and delivery -Politics -Concentrated fuel with a high net-energy yield -tech already exists for their use | 8 | |
| 13733747520 | Lignite coal | lowest heat content | 9 | |
| 13733749197 | Bituminous coal | high sulfur content and constitutes 50% of the US coal reserve | 10 | |
| 13733752846 | Anthracite coal | high heat content and low sulfur content; makes up 2% of the US coal reserves | 11 | |
| 13733768207 | United States | Largest proven recoverable coal reserve in the world | 12 | |
| 13733770100 | China | World's largest producer of coal | 13 | |
| 13733806585 | Baghouse Filter | Can be used to remove pollutants from the burning of coal. Fabric filters that can be used to reduce particulates | 14 | |
| 13733812925 | Burning Pulverized Coal at Lower Temperatures | Can be used to remove pollutants from the burning of coal. Coal is crushed into a very fine powder and injected into a firebox. Burning pulverized coal provides about 50% of the world's electric supply. | 15 | |
| 13733819622 | Coal Gasification | Can be used to remove pollutants from the burning of coal. Process that turns coal and other carbon-based fuels into gas AKA syngas. Impurities are removed from the syngas before its combustion, resulting in lower emissions of sulfur dioxide, particulates, and mercury. | 16 | |
| 13733829269 | cyclone separator | Can be used to remove pollutants from the burning of coal. Removes particulates through rotational effects and gravity. | 17 | |
| 13733837192 | electrostatic precipitator | Can be used to remove pollutants from the burning of coal. A filtration device that removes fine particles, like dust and smoke, from a flowing gas using an electrostatic charge. | 18 | |
| 13733845059 | fluidized-bed combustion | Can be used to remove pollutants from the burning of coal. Burning coal in which the amount of air required for combustion far exceeds that found in conventional burners. Process can be used to reduce the amount of NOx and SOx and particulates. | 19 | |
| 13733856901 | Scrubbers | Can be used to remove pollutants from the burning of coal. Inject chemicals into a dirty exhaust stream to wash out acidic gases. Can also be used to reduce SOx and particulates from burning coal. | 20 | |
| 13733862991 | Sorbents | Can be used to remove pollutants from the burning of coal. Activated charcoal, calcium compounds, or silicates can convert gaseous pollutants in the smokestacks, such as mercury, into compounds that can then be collected with baghouse filters, electrostatic precipitation, or scrubbers. | 21 | |
| 13733913838 | Oil | Fossil Fuel produced by the decomposition of deeply buried organic material under high temperature and pressure for millions of years. Compounds derived from oil known as petrochemicals. Pros -Easily transported through established pipelines and distribution networks -High net-energy yield -Ample supply for the immediate future -Large US government subsidies in place -Versatile-used to manufacture many products Cons -reserves are limited and declining -produces water pollution when it is extracted -creates air pollution when burned -disturbs land in the drilling process -oil spills -world supplies are politically unstable | 22 | |
| 13734076484 | Natural Gas | Fossil fuel formed when layers of buried plants and gases are exposed to intense heat and pressure over thousands of years. Pros -pipelines and distribution networks are already on place -easily processed and transported as liquefied natural gas (LNG) over rail or by ship -relatively inexpensive compared to other fossil fuels -high net-energy yield -less SOx and NOx are produced compared to burning coal/oil -less CO2, mercury, and particulates are released than when burning coal or oil -extraction of natural gas is a much safer process than coal mining Cons -Leakage of CH4 has greateer impact on global warming than CO2 -extraction releases contaminated wastewater and brine | 23 | |
| 13734236516 | Fracking | Chemicals are mixed with large quantities of water and sand & injected into wells at an extremely high pressure to create fractures in rock that allows oil and natural gas to escape and flow out of the well. Pros -process fo completing a well is short, after which well is in production for next 20-40 years -makes it possible to produce oil and natural gas in places where conventional tech were ineffective or cost-prohibitive -Allows greater independence from foreign sources of energy and helps create new jobs, which in turn stimulates the economy Cons -dangerous chemicals which can enter the water table are used in this process -toxic, radioactive, and caustic liquid waste by-products pose storage, treatment, and disposal problems -Results in contaminated water supplies, air pollution, destroyed streams, and negative environmental impacts on local flora and fauna -may be linked to local land subsidence and earthquakes in the area | 24 | |
| 13734356213 | Nuclear Fission | Atom splits into two or more smaller nuclei along with by-product particles. The heat given off by the reaction is used to produce steam that turns generators that then produce electricity. | 25 | |
| 13734584577 | United States | World's largest producer of nuclear power | 26 | |
| 13734587669 | France | Produces the highest percentage of its energy from nuclear reactors(78%) | 27 | |
| 13734613519 | Nuclear Reactor |  | 28 | |
| 13736870128 | PEVs | Plug In Vehicles. Only run on rechargeable batteries and have a finite distance they can travel before needing to be recharged. | 29 | |
| 13736876819 | HEVs | Hybrid Electric Vehicles. Able to run on either rechargeable batteries or gasoline power. | 30 |
