these flashcards include terms about the A/S Period and the Middle Ages. there's also character names from Beowulf and questions about some characters from the Canterbury Tales (Mrs. Stiffler's open-note quizzes).
Terms : Hide Images
| 94620396 | music, math, and medicine | Arabs exceeded at this. This is what Europeans gained. | |
| 94620397 | The First Crusade | Christians trying to free Jerusalem from Muslims | |
| 94620398 | trial by ordeal | if you were accused of doing anything wrong, you had to fight, and whoever won was innocent. Before the Magna Carta. | |
| 94620399 | magna carta | -trial by jury -king could not tax without consent of the barons -Habeus-corpus -beginning of representative government (how Parliament started) | |
| 94620400 | Angles, Saxons, and Jutes | vikings who invaded Britain in 449. | |
| 94620401 | monks | changed Norse beliefs to Christian beliefs | |
| 94620402 | scops | historians who told the stories (didn't write anything down) | |
| 94620403 | Feudal System | a way to own land. the king had the most power, and gave sections of land to vassals. The price was loyalty and military service. William the Conqueror introduced it to England. | |
| 94620404 | epic | a long, narrative poem about the deeds of a hero that somehow embodies the values of a civilization | |
| 94620405 | kenning | a metaphorical name for something/someone | |
| 94620406 | homilies | biographies of saints | |
| 94620407 | Danes | the people who live in Denmark | |
| 94620408 | Geats | a Scandinavian people who lived to the north of the Danes | |
| 94620409 | Hrothgar | the Danish king | |
| 94620410 | Welthow | Hrothgar's queen | |
| 94620411 | Unferth | one of Hrothgar's best warriors; he is described as a brother-slayer and coward; he is the one who boasts at Beowulf and tells him that he could never defeat Grendel because Beowulf is not brave enough. | |
| 94620412 | Herot | the new mead-hall built by Hrothgar to commemorate his victories | |
| 94620413 | mead | a fermented liquor made of water, honey, malt, and yeast | |
| 94620414 | Grendel | the evil monster which slays the warriors looking for peace and community at Herot | |
| 94620415 | Higlac | king of the Geats | |
| 94620416 | Beowulf | the great hero of the Geats | |
| 94620417 | Wulfgar | a Danish noblemen who presents Beowulf to Hrothgar | |
| 94620418 | Wayland | a celebrated blacksmith whose workmanship was the finest | |
| 94638293 | Normans | great fighters, great leaders and lawyers, borrowers and adapters, but...not so much originality. BROUGHT FEUDALISM. | |
| 94638294 | common law | common to whole country and all people (all classes!) | |
| 94638295 | primogeniture | 1st born son has the right to inherit his father's stuff | |
| 94638296 | 1215- Pope withholds church sanctions | the Pope says that trial by ordeal is stupid and he decides to withhold church sanctions. this leads to the magna carta. | |
| 94638297 | ordeal | innocence settled by tasks. success = innocence duels and such replaced by judgement from neighbors. thus, the JURY SYSTEM! | |
| 94638298 | Hundred Years' War | (1337-1453) the wars fought in France between the French and the English. The longbow was introduced and was very effective in battle. Castles and knights became obsolete because of gunpowder. | |
| 94638299 | War of the Roses | (1455-1485) 30 years long; a Civil War between the House of Lancaster (Red Rose) and the House of York (White Rose). | |
| 94638300 | Black Death | a plaque in 1348 that killed more than one third of England's population. it helped bring about the end of feudalism. | |
| 94638301 | the middle ages | the period lasting from 1066 to 1485 (aka the medieval period). | |
| 94638302 | William the Conqueror | introduced the Feudal system to England | |
| 94638303 | Domesday Book | William the Conqueror's book keeping inventory of all the landowners and their property. it prevented confusion, and gave him knowledge of whom to tax and how much. | |
| 94638304 | the medieval church | considered to be the most important cultural institution of the middle ages. it brought unity in W. European societies, and was the center of education. it introduced Latin as a common language, and history was preserved/documented there. | |
| 94638305 | wool industry | the economic development responsible for the growth of cities and the merchant class. | |
| 94638306 | habeas-corpus | one can not be imprisoned illegally and without reason | |
| 94638307 | romance | the form of literature that illustrates the medieval ideal of chivalry and intertwines it with romantic love. it was much favored by Anglo-Normans. included fairies dragons, wizards, etc. | |
| 94638308 | King Arthur | Britain's source of romantic literature | |
| 94638309 | Charlemagne | France's source of romantic literature | |
| 94638310 | Iliad, Odyssey, Troy | Rome's source of romantic literature | |
| 94638311 | autobiography, travel writing, and devotional writing | other medieval genres of literature | |
| 94642124 | miracle plays | plays that focus on stories from the Bible (usually comical) | |
| 94642125 | morality plays | plays that contain the confrontations of virtues and vices represented by different characters | |
| 94642126 | Chaucer | the father of English literature (wrote the Canterbury Tales) | |
| 94642127 | Beowulf | the first great literary work of England | |
| 94649791 | wyrd | fate in A/S lit. (destiny + fate --> it's already written in the stars) | |
| 94649793 | Britons | original inhabitants before the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes invaded England | |
| 94649794 | Anglo-Saxon Period | (449-1066) the period where England isn't unified. Ended with Norman invasion in 1066. | |
| 94649796 | Anglo-Saxon culture | -valued bravery, honor, and personal valor -People of rank were courteous -Rulers were generous and loyal -People were aware of the shortness of life -well-developed and a good family unit -form of democracy -great artisans (jewelry and sword hilts+sheaths) -more artistic than the Normans | |
| 94649797 | St. Augustine | the first archbishop of Canterbury Cathedral. established the monastery in Canterbury. | |
| 94649799 | Venerable Bede | Christian and a priest. wrote (in Latin), "A History of the English Church and its People." | |
| 94649800 | king alfred the great | wrote the "Anglo-Saxon Chronicles" in Old English. brought the unification of England. | |
| 94649801 | King alfred of wessex | aka king alfred the great | |
| 94657969 | prioress | What was Madam Eglantyne's profession? | |
| 94657970 | knight | who wore a Fustian tunic? | |
| 94657971 | yeoman | who was a proper forester? | |
| 94657972 | friar | who leads a completely unholy life? | |
| 94657973 | monk | who wears a pin in the shape of a lover's knot? | |
| 94657974 | squire | who was exhausted from being up all night with women? | |
| 94657975 | merchant | who wore a Flemish beaver hat? | |
| 94657976 | monk | who loved to hunt? | |
| 94657977 | merchant | who was in debt but did not appear to be? | |
| 94657978 | yeoman | who wore a St. Christopher medal? | |
| 94657979 | parson | who was a foil of the Friar? | |
| 94657980 | pirate | what is the Skipper's real profession? | |
| 94657981 | cleric | who will gladly learn and gladly teach? | |
| 94657982 | cleric | who is a student? | |
| 94657983 | sergeant of the law | who was not as busy as he appeared to be? | |
| 94657984 | doctor | who doesn't read the Bible and loves gold? | |
| 94657985 | cook | who can tell the origin of a drink by the taste? | |
| 94657986 | franklin | who loved to eat? | |
| 94657987 | wife of bath | who was deaf? | |
| 94680776 | knight | -strong -a father -wears a fustian tunic that is stained from his armor -chivalrous -has all the proper characteristics of ideal chivalry (brave but gentle, etc.) -modest -does not show up wearing expensive clothing | |
| 94680777 | squire | -long, curly hair -"a lad of fire" -20 yrs old -middle height -quick and strong -short embroidered tunic with long sleeves -knows how to joust, dance, draw, write, sing, and recite -fights to catch womens' eyes -stays up all night with women | |
| 94680778 | yeoman | -head resembles a nut -tan skin -bedecked in weaponry (bow and arrows, arm brace, shield, sword, dagger, and hunting horn) -"a proper forester" -green coat with hood -medallion of St. Christopher around his neck -a servant | |
| 94680779 | prioress | -wears a clock with "graceful charm" -grey eyes, nice nose, small and soft mouth, big forehead; a bit big -a fake -wealthy -corrupt and unholy -spends money on feeding her dogs instead of tending to the poor -is ignorant of all the death going on -fake french accent -"love conquers all" is on her brooch in latin -trinket of coral on her arm | |
| 94680780 | monk | -fat and bald with big eyes. very jolly. eats a lot. -fur on his cuffs and a gold pin on his clock tied in a lover's knot -flexible boots -has money -just wants to hunt -doesn't want to live his position says he should -loves hunting | |
| 94680781 | friar | -completely corrupt -bright eyes, speaks well, jolly -cape with big hood, where he keeps stuff to give to girls -claims to have the right to be able to listen to confessions -will grant forgiveness for sin for a price -will take money from everybody -married off his ex's -Hubert | |
| 94680782 | merchant | -wears a colorful outfit, and a Flemish beaver hat -daintily buckled boots -is broke and in debt, but hides it -talks a lot about his opinions | |
| 94680783 | cleric | -very thin -cheap clothes (bare thread overcoat) -hollow look; sober stare -spends all his money on books -he has 20 books -wants to teach and learn -still a student -formal and respectful | |
| 94680784 | sergeant of law | -wears a "homely, parti-colored coat Girt with a silken belt of pinstripe" -knows a lot about lawful matters -wary and wise -a conveyancer | |
| 94680785 | franklin | -landowner -jolly -white beard -loves to eat -son of a philosopher who promotes happiness as a way of life -has a white silk purse and a dagger -extremely wealthy | |
| 94680786 | cook | -has an ulcer on his knee -can cook lots of different things -can tell a wine's origin from its taste | |
| 94680787 | skipper | -beard and tan skin -knows a lot about the seas and sailing -steals and kills his prisoners -wears a woollen gown that is knee-length. he has a dagger hanging from his neck -he's really a pirate -he doesn't have a conscience | |
| 94680788 | doctor | -"a perfect practicing physician" -healthy and eats well -blood red cloths with gray-blue on them, and are lined with taffeta. -loves gold. keeps gold he gets from the ill -relies on astronomy for his work -uses planets and their healing properties -makes money through deceit and cunning with apothecaries | |
| 94680789 | wife of bath | -deaf -red and handsome face -gap-teeth -large hips and sharp heels. -she gets reeeeeallly mad at others. like, if you step in front of her at the alter. watch out. -has had 5 husbands -wears kerchiefs and red hose. soft new shoes and a hat -wanders a lot | |
| 94680790 | parson | -true, good holy man -quite poor -virtuous and kind -carries a stave in his hand -lives by the Bible -gives away his money -teaches about Christianity -wants to set a good example | |
| 94680791 | plowman | -dirty and smells bad -a good true hard worker -wore a tabard smock -parson's brother -also a holy man | |
| 94680792 | miller | -thief -tells dirty stories -big and strong -broad, knotty, short shouldered. red beard and a wart with hair on his nose. huge nostrils and a huge mouth. swears a lot. -wears a white coat with a blue hood and has a sword and buckler -plays the bagpipes -wrangler and buffoon -brags about his strength -drinks a lot | |
| 94680793 | manciple | -illiterate -in debt -witty and wise -can outsmart educated men with his wit and wisdom -shows people how to live on what they've got | |
| 94680794 | reeve | -old, thin, easily angered. skinny legs and no beard. short hair. -long, bluish overcoat and a rusty sword -feared by others cuz he knows all their secrets -nothing gets past him -uses his master's money to buy stuff for his master -wealthy | |
| 94680795 | summoner | -red face. pimples and carbuncles. disgusting face -probably smells like onions and leeks and garlic -thin beard and black, scabby brows. -children run away from him -lets people get away with sins if he is bribed -keeps sinners' secrets -hot and lecherous -drinks and when drunk, uses all the latin he knows -scoundrel and a knave | |
| 94680796 | pardoner | -gentle -yellow hair (color like wax) that hangs down to shoulders in thin rat-tail locks -bulging eyeballs and a smooth, shaven chin. voice sounds like a goat. probably a gelding. -doesnt wear his hood. -wallet on his lap - money comes first -charlatan -impresses people with holy relics -takes money from people -thief | |
| 94680797 | host | -named Harry Bailly -bright eyes and wide girth -proposes the story idea -comes along as a guide and a judge -host of the Tabard Inn | |
| 95088806 | Julian of Norwitch and Margery Kempe | the first 2 women writers | |
| 95090552 | foil | a character that is a complete opposite of another | |
| 95094247 | caesura | a natural pause |
