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enviro chapt 3 Flashcards

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32500384cellular respirationinvolves splitting carbon and hydrogen atoms from the sugar molecule and recombining them with oxygen
32500385chemical energytype of potential energy stored in food and gasoline
32500386compoundsubstance composed of different kinds of atoms
32500387conservation of mattermatter cannot be created or destroyed
32500388consumersconsume chemical energy harnessed by the producers
32500389decomposerorganism such as fungi and bacteria that complete the final breakdown and recycling of organic materials
32500390detritivoressuch as ants and beetles consume litter, debris, and dung
32500391ecologythe scientific study of relationships between organisms and their environment
32500392ecosystemcomposed of a biological community and its physical environment including abiotic factors
32500393elementssubstances that cannot be broken down into simpler forms by ordinary chemical reactions
32500394energythe ability to do work
32500395entropydisorder
32500396enzymesregulate chemical reactions without being consumed or damaged as they work
32500397first law of thermodynamicsenergy is conserved it is neither created nor destroyed under normal conditions
32500398food chaina linked feeding series
32500399food webindividual food chains that become interconnected
32500400heatenergy that can be transferred between objects of different temperature
32500401herbivoresplant eaters
32500402hydrologic cyclethe path of water through the environment
32500403ionscharged atoms
32500404isotopesforms of a single element that differ in atomic mass
32500405kinetic energyenergy contained in a moving object
32500406mattereverything that takes up space and has mass
32500407metabolismthe multitude of enzymatic reactions performed by an organism
32500408moleculea pair or group of atoms that can exist as a single unit
32500409nitrogen cyclethe key natural process that makes nitrogen available and takes it back to be reused
32500410omnivoreseat both plants and animals
32500411organic compoundsthe material out of which living organisms are made
32500412pHhow we describe the strength of an acid
32500413phosphorous cyclehow phosphorous is taken in and out of the environment
32500414photosynthesisconverts radiant energy into useful chemical energy in the bonds that hold together the molecules
32500415populationconsists of all the members of a species living in a given area at a given time
32500416potential energystored energy ex) water behind a dam
32500417producerorganisms that photosynthesize
32500418productivitythe amount of biomass produced in a given area at a given time
32500419scavengersclean up dead carcasses of larger animals
32500420second law of thermodynamicswith each successive energy transfer or transformation in a system, less energy is available to do work
32500421speciesrefers to all organisms of the same kind that are genetically similar enough to breed in nature and produce live, fertile offspring
32500422sulfur cyclehow sulfur travels in and out of the environment
32500423trophic levelorganism's feeding status in an ecosystem

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