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| 4829479836 | The Great Famine | The result of four years of potato crop failure in the late 1840's in Ireland, a country that had grown dependent on potatoes. |  | 0 |
| 4829479837 | The Black Death | A plague that first struck Europe in 1347 and killed perhaps one-third of the population. |  | 1 |
| 4829479838 | Flagellants | People who believed that the plague was God's punishment for sin and sought to do penance by flagellating (whipping) themselves. |  | 2 |
| 4829479839 | The Hundred Years' War | A war between England & France from 1337 to 1453, with political & economic causes & consequences. |  | 3 |
| 4829479840 | Representative Assemblies | Deliberative meeting of Lords and wealthy urban residents that flourished in many European countries between 1250 & 1450. |  | 4 |
| 4829479841 | Babylonian Captivity | The period from 1309 to 1376 when the popes resided in Avignon rather than in Rome. The phrase refers to the seventy years when they the Hebrews were held captive in Babylon. |  | 5 |
| 4829479842 | The Great Schism | The division, or split, in church leadership from 1378 to 1417 when there were two, then three, popes. |  | 6 |
| 4829479843 | Conciliarists | People who believed that the authority in the Roman church should rest in a general council composed of clergy, theologians, and laypeople, rather then the pope alone. |  | 7 |
| 4829479844 | Confraternities | Voluntary lay groups organized by occupation, devotional preference, neighborhood, or charitable activity. |  | 8 |
| 4829479845 | Jacquerie (zhah-kuh-REE) | A massive uprising by French peasants in 1358 protesting heavy taxation. | 9 | |
| 4829479846 | English Peasants' Revolt | Revolt by English peasants in 1381 in response to changing economic conditions. |  | 10 |
