Myers 9th Edition.
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| 2808084728 | Social Psychology | The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another. | 0 | |
| 2808084729 | Attribution Theory | The theory that we explain someone's behavior by crediting either the situation or the person's disposition. | 1 | |
| 2808084730 | Fundamental Attribution Error | The tendency for observers, when analyzing another's behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition. Ex. I see him speeding and am more likely to think he's reckless than he's having an emergency | 2 | |
| 2808084734 | Foot-in-the-door phenomenon | The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request. | 3 | |
| 2808084736 | Cognitive Dissonance Theory | The theory that we act to reduce the discomfort (dissonance) we feel when two of our thoughts (cognitions) are inconsistent. For example, when we become aware that our attitudes and our actions clash, we can reduce the resulting dissonance by changing our attitudes. | 4 | |
| 2808084737 | Culture | The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next. | 5 | |
| 2808084738 | Norm | An understood rule for accepted and expected behavior. Norms prescribe "proper" behavior. | 6 | |
| 2808084739 | Conformity | Adjusting our behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard. Yielding to real or imagined social pressure. | 7 | |
| 2808084744 | Social facilitation | Improved performance on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others. | 8 | |
| 2808084745 | Social loafing | The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable. | 9 | |
| 2808084746 | Deindividuation | The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity. | 10 | |
| 2808084747 | Group polarization | The enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group. | 11 | |
| 2808084748 | Prejudice | An unjustifiable and usually negative attitude toward a group and its members. Generally involves stereotyped beliefs, negative feelings, and a predisposition to discriminatory action. | 12 | |
| 2808084749 | Stereotype | A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people. | 13 | |
| 2808084750 | Discrimination | action that treats members of a group unfairly Ex. No women are allowed in our club. | 14 | |
| 2808084751 | Just-world phenomenon | The tendency for people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get. | 15 | |
| 2808084752 | Scapegoat theory | The theory that prejudice offers and outlet for anger by providing someone to blame. | 16 | |
| 2808084753 | Aggression | Any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy. | 17 | |
| 2808084755 | 5 Factors of interpersonal attraction | 1. Proximity 2. Personal Attractiveness 3. Similarity 4. Exchange 5. Intimacy | 18 | |
| 2808084756 | Altruism | Unselfish regard for the welfare of others. | 19 | |
| 2808084757 | Bystander effect | The tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present. | 20 | |
| 2808986825 | Attributions | Inferences (explanations) we make about causes of behavior. Ex. Why was she late for dinner | 21 | |
| 2809043580 | Internal Attributions | Situational factors and environmental constraints that explain behavior Ex. I see him speeding and am more likely to think he's reckless than he's having an emergency | 22 | |
| 2809001677 | External Attributions | Situational factors and environmental constraints that explain behavior Ex. There was a lot of traffic | 23 | |
| 2809006597 | Self-serving bias | Tendency to make the fundamental attribution error particularly when comparing ourselves to others (them personal attributions, us situational) Ex. He speeds: he's reckless; I speed: I have a good reason (I'm late, it's an emergency) | 24 | |
| 2809013770 | Stereotypes | Beliefs that people have certain characteristics because of membership in a particular group Ex. He must be good at math because he's asian; she's cheap because she's jewish | 25 | |
| 2809017797 | Attitudes | Feelings, often influenced by our beliefs Ex. I like Planned Parenthood because I believe it provides good services | 26 | |
| 2809023608 | Roles | A set of expectations about one's social position; how to behave | 27 | |
| 2809024985 | Zimbardo's Prison Study (1972) | Men played role of prisoners or guards. Role-playing led to degrading behaviors among "guards" and the study had to be stopped | 28 | |
| 2809026502 | Asch's Conformity Study | 37% of students conformed all the time; 75% conformed at least once | 29 | |
| 2809030549 | Factors increasing conformity | As group size increases, conformity increases; feeling incompetent or insecure; group is homogeneous and cohesive admiring group; being observed by group members; collectivistic culture | 30 | |
| 2809032205 | Normative influences | conform for fear of negative social reaction Ex. Dressing like everyone in the group so you're not the "odd man out" | 31 | |
| 2809035511 | Informational influence | Looking to others in an ambiguous situation when you think others know more than you Ex. Following what other students are doing in a classroom on your first day of school | 32 | |
| 2809037689 | Obedience | Following direct order of authority figure Ex. "you must do it." O | 33 | |
| 2809040651 | Milgram's Obedience Experiment | 65% of subjects administered all 30 shocks | 34 | |
| 2809045977 | Factors that increase obedience | Authority figure, authority in the room | 35 | |
| 2809047794 | Lessons learned from Milgram | Social influence can "make" people do things they won't ordinarily do; good people can do bad things | 36 | |
| 2809050680 | Foot-In-the-Door Theory | People comply to small things first then step-by-step to bigger one's. If your put on hold and you wait for 15 minutes and you don't know how much longer you have to wait, you will anyways because you've already waited 15 minutes. | 37 | |
| 2809053621 | Cognitie Dissonance | Discomfort that arises when our attitude is different from our behavior; we tend to change attitude, NOT behavior | 38 | |
| 2809056582 | Implicit racial associations | Much of our thinking is unconscious, automatic and out of sight Ex. prejudice is often a knee-jerk reaction rather than a decision | 39 | |
| 2809060706 | Modern discrimination/prejudice (indirect) | Less blatant; private beliefs expressed when you feel "justified" or "safe" Ex. resenting minorities, discomfort in group of another race | 40 | |
| 2809061707 | Causes of prejudice | fundamental attribution error, belief in "just world," relative deprivation Ex. competition, threats to social identity | 41 | |
| 2809064052 | Just World Phenomenon | Belief that the world is just, so if bad things happen to someone, they must deserve it | 42 | |
| 2809065543 | Social identity | self esteem is related to social identity (which is tied to group membership) | 43 | |
| 2809067178 | Sherif's Robbers' Cave Experiment | Created prejudice, hostility and aggression by introducing competition between 2 groups | 44 | |
| 2809069131 | In-Group favoritism | "us," we favor our own group Ex. we see us as being made up of individuals | 45 | |
| 2809069752 | Out-group bias | "them," Ex. we see them as all alike | 46 | |
| 2809430803 | Biological causes of aggression | testosterone; genetics: predisposition toward aggressiveness; brain: severe brain injury, stimulation of amygdala. | 47 | |
| 2809433518 | Frustration-aggression principle | frustration creates anger which generates aggression | 48 | |
| 2809434792 | Instinct theory | people have instinct for aggression | 49 | |
| 2809436716 | Weapon effect | mere presence of weapon increases aggressiveness | 50 | |
| 2809437753 | Social/cultural influences on aggresssion | positive & negative reinforcement, observation, modeling, rejection, relative deprivation Ex. I hit you and get what I want; I see dad hit mom; I see violence on TV | 51 | |
| 2809439373 | Attraction and proximity | geographic closeness Ex. closeness breeds liking | 52 | |
| 2809440396 | Mere exposure effect | just seeing something increase our liking of it; repeated exposure to new stimuli increases liking (if initial reaction is positive) | 53 | |
| 2809442499 | Similarity | we are attracted to people who are similar in education, religion, values, goals, personality, interests, etc | 54 | |
| 2809443883 | Triangular theory of love | love is made up of any combination of three factors: intimacy, passion and commitment | 55 | |
| 2809444547 | Passion | arousal, intense positive absorption; depends on uncertainty, novelty, etc | 56 | |
| 2809446534 | Companionate love | deep affection and attachment; combo of intimacy and commitment | 57 | |
| 2809447448 | Empty love | love with only commitment, no passion or intimacy | 58 | |
| 2809447997 | Reciprocity principle | if you give me something or do something, i should "return the favor" | 59 | |
| 2809450092 | Superordinate goals | shared goals that override differences among people and require cooperation from both sides | 60 | |
| 2809452418 | Door-In-The-Face | ask for something big and then return with smaller requests | 61 | |
| 2810202119 | Group facilitation | talking to "like-minded" people about our attitudes causes our attitudes to become more extreme | 62 | |
| 2810207181 | Groupthink | the tendency for groups to all think alike in order to maintain group harmony,please the leader, etc | 63 | |
| 2810211549 | Social trap | when personal interest and collective well-being conflict | 64 | |
| 2810219732 | Contact, cooperation, communication, conciliation | four C's of conflict resolution | 65 | |
| 2810221678 | Mirror image perceptions | When both sides of conflict see themselves as good and the other side as bad | 66 |
