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266838538The Spirit of the LawsIt was a treatise on political theory, which was first published by Charles de Secondat.0
266838539Congress of ViennaThe Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of European states chaired by Austrian statesman Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, and held in Vienna from September, 1814 to June, 1815.1
266838540Revolutions of 1848The European Revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the Spring of Nations, Springtime of the People or the Year of Revolution, were a series of political upheavals throughout the European continent.2
266838541Simon BolivarVenezuelan statesman who led the revolt of South American colonies against Spanish rule; founded Bolivia in 1825 (1783-1830)3
266838542Estates GeneralFrance's traditional national assembly with representatives of the three estates, or classes, in French society: the clergy, nobility, and commoners. The calling of the Estates General in 1789 led to the French Revolution.4
266838543Olympe de GougesWas a French playwright and political activist whose feminist and abolitionist writings reached a large audience.5
266838544John LockeEnglish empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience6
266838545Louis XVI and Marie AntoinetteKing of France (1774-1792). In 1789 he summoned the Estates-General, but he did not grant the reforms that were demanded and revolution followed. Louis and his queen, Marie Antoinette, were executed in 1793.7
266838546Maximilien RobespierreIs one of the best-known and most influential figures of the French Revolution.8
266838547Napoleon BonaparteFrench general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)9
266838548Declaration of the Rights of ManIs a fundamental document of the French Revolution, defining the individual and collective rights of all the estates of the realm as universal.10
266838549Ancien RegimeA political and social system that no longer governs11
266838550National AssemblyThe elected legislature in France during the first part of the French Revolution, 1789-9112
266838551JacobinsA member of the radical movement that instituted the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution13
266838552Directorygroup of five men who held the executive power in France according to the constitution of the year III (1795) of the French Revolution French Revolution, political upheaval of world importance in France that began in 1789. Origins of the Revolution.14
266838553Civil CodeA civil code is a systematic collection of laws designed to comprehensively deal with the core areas of private law. A jurisdiction that has a civil code generally also has a code of civil procedure.15

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