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Forensic Science Chapter 1 Flashcards

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10169019197Forensic ScienceThe application of science and technology to the criminal and civil laws enforced by police agencies in a criminal justice system0
10169019198AnthropometryBertillon's system of bodily measurement used to identify an individual1
10169019199Locard's exchange principleWhen two objects come into contact with each other, a cross-transfer of materials occurs that can connect a criminal suspect to his or her victim2
10169019200FBI LaboratoryWorld's largest forensic science laboratory3
10169019201FBIFederal Bureau of Invesitgation4
10169019202GBIGeorgia Bureau of Investigation5
10169019203Basic services/units of a Full Service Crime LabPhysical science, biology, firearms, document examination, photography6
10169019204Toxicology unitLooks for the presence or absence of drugs and toxins in body fluids and organs7
10169019205Polygraph unitLie detector used mainly by police investigators8
10169019206Forensic odontologyAnalysis of teeth and bite marks left on a victim and the tooth structure of the suspect9
10169019207Frye v. United States, 1923Scientific evidence can be presented by expert witnesses as long as the procedures, techniques, and principles used to analyze the evidence are "generally accepted" by the scientific community10
10169019208Daubert v. Merrel Dow Pharmaceuticals, 1993The trial judge assumes the ultimate responsibility for acting as a "gate-keeper" in judging the admissibility and reliability of scientific evidence presented in their court11
10169019209WitnessA person who observes an event and can provide details to a police agency or court12
10169019210Expert witnessAn individual whom the court determines to have particular skills or knowledge in a trade or profession and that person's testimony will help the court determine the truth of a matter at trial13
10169019211TestimonyWhat a person says to a court or police agency; sometimes sworn to tell the truth under oath14
10169019212AAFSAmerican Academy of Forensic Science, the largest forensic science organization in the world15
10169019213Mathieu OrfilaFather of toxicology16
10169019214Civil caseLegal case between individuals and other parties usually suing monetary compensation17
10169019215Criminal caseLegal case where criminal charges are brought by the police or government agency18
10169019216Calvin GoddardFirst person to connect a bullet to a murder weapon19
10169019217Alec JeffriesDeveloped techniques for DNA fingerprinting for use in forensic science20
10169030474Edmond LocardDeveloped Locard's Exchange Principle - every contact leaves a trace21

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