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Forensic science Introduction to Forensic Science Flashcards

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12305270092Ballisticsthe science of projectiles and firearms. the study of the effects of being fired on a bullet, cartridge, or gun.0
12305270093Entomologyis the application and study of insect and other arthropod biology to criminal matters1
12305270094Odontologythe proper handling, examination and evaluation of dental evidence, which will be then presented in the interest of justice.2
12305270095Statuatory Lawdefine written laws, usually enacted by a legislative body.3
12305270096Stare Decisisthe legal principle of determining points in litigation according to precedent.4
12305270097Misdemeanora nonindictable offense, regarded in the US as less serious than a felony - Less than 1 year in prison5
12305270098FelonyCrime where you can spend more than one year in prison - differs by jurisdiction6
12305270099InfractionA violation of the law that is less serious than a misdemeanor, or is a violation of rules you are supposed to follow. An example of an infraction is when you are speeding and given a traffic ticket.7
12305270100Nolo ContendereNolo contendere is a legal term that comes from the Latin for "I do not wish to contend." It is also referred to as a plea of no contest.8
12305270101Frye standardThe Frye standard, Frye test, or general acceptance test is a test to determine the admissibility of scientific evidence. It provides that expert opinion based on a scientific technique is admissible only where the technique is generally accepted as reliable in the relevant scientific community.9
12305270102Preliminary HearingWithin some criminal justice systems, a preliminary hearing, preliminary examination, evidentiary hearing or probable cause hearing is a proceeding, after a criminal complaint has been filed by the prosecutor, to determine whether there is enough evidence to require a trial.10
12305270103Junk Scienceuntested or unproven theories when presented as scientific fact, especially in a court of law.11
12305270104Criminalisticsanother term for forensics12
12305270105Evidencethe available body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid.13
12305270107Pathologythe science of the causes and effects of diseases, especially the branch of medicine that deals with the laboratory examination of samples of body tissue for diagnostic or forensic purposes.14
12305270109Criminal LawCriminal law or penal law is the body of law that relates to crime. It regulates social conduct and proscribes whatever is threatening, harmful, or otherwise endangering to the property, health, safety, and moral welfare of people. It includes the punishment of people who violate these laws.15
12305270111Violationthe action of violating someone or something.16
12305270112Civil LawCivil law, civilian law or Roman law is a legal system originating in Europe, intellectualized within the framework of late Roman law, and whose most prevalent feature is that its core principles are codified into a referable system which serves as the primary source of law17
12305270114Probativehaving the quality or function of proving or demonstrating something; affording proof or evidence.18
12305270115Daubert RulingThe Daubert standard provides a rule of evidence regarding the admissibility of expert witnesses' testimony during United States federal legal proceedings.19
12305270116IndictTo accuse of wrongdoing; charge. a book that indicts modern values. (law) To make a formal accusation or indictment against (a party) by the findings of a jury, especially a grand jury.20
12305270117Arraignmenta hearing in which a suspect is charged and pleads guilty or not guilty21
12305270118Expert Witnessa person who is permitted to testify at a trial because of special knowledge or proficiency in a particular field that is relevant to the case.22
12305270119Hearsayinformation received from other people that one cannot adequately substantiate; rumor.23
12305270120Materialimportant; essential; relevant.24
12305270121BailBail is cash, a bond, or property that an arrested person gives to a court to ensure that he or she will appear in court when ordered to do so.25
12305270122Grand JuryA grand jury is a legal body that is empowered to conduct official proceedings to investigate potential criminal conduct and to determine whether criminal charges should be brought. A grand jury may compel the production of documents and may compel the sworn testimony of witnesses to appear before it.26
12305270124Probable Causereasonable grounds (for making a search, pressing a charge, etc.).27

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