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| 390045230 | Similar Characteristics of River-Valley Civilizations | -Complex irrigation systems -legal codes -money -art and written literature -social inequality -more formal scientific knowledge | |
| 390045231 | Divine Kingship | The pharoh; highly centralized, authoritarian government | |
| 390045232 | 12000 BCE | Paleolithic Age: nomadic people | |
| 390045233 | 8000 BCE | Neolithic Age: emergence of civilizations | |
| 390045234 | 3500-1500 BCE | River Valley Civilizations | |
| 390045235 | 1000 BCE-600 CE | Classical Civilizations | |
| 390045236 | The River Valley Civilizations (in order) | Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus Valley, Shang China, Meso and South America | |
| 390045237 | Common Features of Classical Civilizations | -Patriarchal family structures -Agricultural-based economies -Complex governments -Expanding trade base (both land and sea) | |
| 390045238 | The Silk Road | Overland road that extended from Western China to the Mediterranean. Consisted of a series of passages with common stops along the way. Towns appeared where goods were exchanged | |
| 390045239 | Indian Ocean Trade | Three legs: one from East Africa/MIddle East to India, one from India to SE Asia, one from SE Asia to Canton | |
| 390045240 | Saharan Trade | Connected south of the Sahara to Mediterranean and Middle East. Berbers were the most important agents of trade, with Ciaro as their most important destination. Linked many civilizations together. | |
| 390045241 | Similarities in the Fall of Classical Civilizations | -attacks from the Huns -deterioration of political institutions -failure to protect/maintain borders -diseases that followed trade routes | |
| 390045242 | Common Consequences of the Fall of Classical Civilizations | -trade was disrupted, but still survived, expecially over land -importance of religion increased as political authority decreased -political disunity in the MIddle East-->Islam in 600 CE | |
| 390045243 | Phoenicians | From the eastern Mediterranean; set up colonies in North Africa and Southern Europe. Prompted by the lack of space and their desire for prosperity from trade. Created an alphabet with 22 characters: the basis for many modern languages | |
| 390045244 | Israelites | From the Mesopotamian city of Ur with founder, Abraham. Settled in Canaan. Migrated to Egypt because of a drought, but became slaves (rescued by Moses). Returned to Canaan, where they formed the kingdom of Israel. | |
| 390045245 | Aryans | Herding peoples that originated from the Caucasus area. Invaded the Indian subcontinent, then pushed eastward, settling in the Ganges River. IMposed caste system, and stories became to basis for Hinduism | |
| 390045246 | Huns | Originated in the Gobi Desert of China--> Hungary, and started to move into Roman Empire. Failure to invade France and Rome the second time results in fall of their Empire | |
| 390045247 | Germanic Peoples | From the Black Sea to the Rhine. Odoacer officially became leader of Rome | |
| 390045248 | Polytheism | Belief in a number of deities that can be anthromorphic or related to the non-human world; found everywhere | |
| 390045249 | Confucianism | Five Relationships, Mandate of Heaven; unites China culturally and mostly found in East Asia | |
| 390045250 | Daoism | Yin-Yang, Dualism in Nature, People are part of the balance in Nature; mostly found in East Asia | |
| 390045251 | Hellenism | Greek philosophy; trade and common culture throughout Mediterranean | |
| 390045252 | Hinduism | caste system, multiple expressions of deities, emphasis on ritual prayer; unites India culturally; mostly found in South and South East Asia | |
| 390045253 | Buddhism | Four Noble Truths, Eight-Fold path; mostly found in South, Central, East and Southeast Asia | |
| 390045254 | Judaism | monotheistic, emphasis on daily prayer, sacred text is the Torah; mostly in the Meditteranean world | |
| 390045255 | Christianity | monotheistic, Jesus Christ as a savoir, Gospels, emphasis on saints; Mediterranean world-->Latin America | |
| 390045256 | Islam | monotheistic, Mohammad as prophet Qu'ran, Sufi emphasis on saints, Sunni and Shi'it split; Arabian peninsula and Mediterranean world-->Spain, Persia, India, North and Sudanic Africa | |
| 390045257 | Characteristics of a Civilization | -food surplus -large population -specialization of labor -social heirarchy -growth of trade -centralization of political and religious authority -monumental building -development of writing/ written records | |
| 390045258 | Persian Wars | When Perisa tries to take over the Greek city-states, failed | |
| 390045259 | Polyponesian Wars | Athens and allies versus Sparta and allies; Sparta wins, but both city-states are decimated, vulnerable to the rise of Alexander the Great |
