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FULL AP LANGUAGE VOCAB Flashcards

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13499171055DESPOTISMthe exercise of absolute power, especially in a cruel and oppressive way.0
13499171056RECTITUDEmoral uprightness; righteousness1
13499171057NASCENTbeginning to exist or develop2
13499171058IMPETUSa moving force, impulse, stimulus3
13499171059ENGENDERproduce, cause, give rise to4
13499171060VICISSITUDEa change or variation; ups and downs5
13499171061RENEGEto fail to honor a commitment; to go back on a promise6
13499171062PROLIFERATEto reproduce, increase, or spread rapidly7
13499171063GERMANErelevant, appropriate, apropos, fitting8
13499171064EFFACEto erase; to rub out9
13499171065EFFUSIVEemotionally excessive; overly demonstrative10
13499171066COGENTpowerfully convincing11
13499171067GRATIUITOUSuncalled for, unwarranted12
13499171068VOLITIONwill; conscious choice13
13499171069PROXIMITYnearness, closeness14
13499171070ABSTRUSEhard to understand because of extreme complexity or abstractness as well as being esoteric15
13499171071INSATIABLEimpossible to satisfy16
13499171072VORACIOUSexceedingly eager or avid (readers, collectors, etc.)17
13499171073IMPERVIOUS1. not permitting passage; impenetrable 2. incapable of being injured, influenced, or affected18
13499171074CAMARADERIEgood-fellowship19
13499171075VANGUARDthe front part of an army; the forefront in any movement, field, activity20
13499171076RELEGATEassign to a lower position21
13499171077SUBJUGATEto conquer by force, bring under complete control22
13499171078ICONOCLASTone who attacks or undermines traditional conventions or institutions23
13499171079DEMOGOGUEa leader who appeals to citizens' emotions & prejudices to obtain power24
13499171080STATUS QUOthe existing condition or state of affairs25
13499171081ACERBICbitter, sharp in taste or temper26
13499171082CRITICALfinding fault27
13499171083CAUSTIC(adj.) able to burn or eat away by chemical action; biting, sarcastic28
13499171084GUISEoutward appearance; false appearance29
13499171085SEMBLANCEa likeness; an outward appearance30
13499171086DISPARAGEregard or represent as being of little worth31
13499171087PROSCRIBEto forbid32
13499171088APHORISMa concise statement of a truth or principle33
13499171089SINE QUA NONan essential or indispensable element or condition34
13499171090AFFLUENTrich; prosperous; wealthy35
13499171091ILLUSORYdeceptive; false; misleading36
13499171092DISPARATEfundamentally different; entirely unlike37
13499171093VINDICATEclear from hint or charge of wrongdoing; to justify38
13499171094APLOMBconfidence without arrogance39
13499171095AUSPICIOUSfavorable; promising40
13499171096HARANGUElong, passionate, ranting speech (diatribe)41
13499171097DISSENTdifference of opinion (implies refusal to assent and/or withholding consent)42
13499171098UBIQUITOUSpresent, appearing, or found everywhere43
13499171099PARADIGMmodel or pattern; worldview, set of shared assumptions, values, etc.44
13499171100TRAVESTYa grotesque or grossly inferior imitation (often unintentional)45
13499171101CREDULOUStoo trusting; gullible46
13499171102UNTENABLEimpossible to defend or justify47
13499171103OPULENTluxurious; grandiose48
13499171104TACITunderstood or implied without being stated49
13499171105COMPUNCTIONa feeling of anxiety caused by regret for doing something wrong or causing pain50
13499171106EXACERBATEto increase the severity; aggravate51
13499171107AMELIORATEto make or become better or improve52
13499171108PLACATEto appease or pacify with concessions53
13499171109ASSUAGEto make milder; relieve; soothe, calm fears or anger54
13499171110VIABLE1. capable of living; 2. useful or effective55
13499171111DENIGRATEto attack the reputation of; to speak ill of56
13499171112VEHEMENTstrongly emotional; intense or passionate57
13499171113DELINEATEto portray in words; describe with precision58
13499171114INUREDmade tough by habitual exposure59
13499171115SALIENTprominent; of notable significance60
13499171116EXTOLto praise, to glorify61
13499171117ENERVATEto weaken; to reduce in vitality62
13499171118LACONICbrief and to the point63
13499171119VERBOSEwordy, long winded64
13499171120CACHETa mark of distinction; prestige65
13499171121ELICITto draw forth, bring out from some source66
13499171122OBSCUREunclear; not well known; partially hidden; hard to understand67
13499171123VISCERALInstinctive rather than rational68
13499171124QUINTESSENTIALthe most typical; ideal69
13499171125ELUCIDATEto clarify, explain70
13499171126FIATan official order, a decree71
13499171127SACROSCANTholy; too sacred to attack (often used ironically)72
13499171128WINDFALLunexpected good fortune73
13499171129ASCETICISMself-restraint; doctrine that claims self-denial allows one to achieve a higher spiritual state of being74
13499171218OBSTINATEfirmly and unreasonably adhering to one's purpose, opinion75
13499171219OBDURATEunmoved by persuasion, pity, or tender feelings; unyielding.76
13499171220INGRATIATEgain favor with somebody by deliberate efforts77
13499171221ESOTERICunderstandable by only an enlightened inner circle78
13499171130REPLETEfull; abundant; filled to the brim79
13499171131RIFEprevalent; widespread; common (often negative)80
13499171132REPREHENSIBLEshameful; very bad81
13499171133ENSCONCEto settle securely or snugly; comfortably82
13499171134ENSHROUDto cover; conceal; to enclose with a dark cover83
13499171135TEDIUMdullness; monotony; boredom84
13499171136RESCINDto take back, repeal85
13499171137REFUTEto prove incorrect86
13499171138LAMPOONto ridicule with satire87
13499171139HEDONISMbelief that attainment of pleasure is life's chief aim88
13499171140EPHEMERALshort-lived; fleeting89
13499171141BOMBASTICpompous or pretentious talk or writing90
13499171142OBFUSCATEto confuse; to bewilder91
13499171143DECORUMproper behavior, good taste; orderliness92
13499171144DOGGEDpersistent, stubbornly determined, refusing to give up93
13499171145CURTAILto cut short; end sooner than expected94
13499171146DEGRADEreduce someone's worth or value; step down to a lower position, rank, social status (suggest humiliation)95
13499171147PRESUMPTUOUStoo forward or bold; overstepping proper bounds96
13499171148PROPENSITYa natural inclination or tendency97
13499171149PENCHANTa strong inclination or liking98
13499171150INEPTunskilled; clumsy; incompetent99
13499171222POSTHUMOUSoccurring after a person's death100
13499171223ONUSa difficult obligation, task, burden, responsibility101
13499171224PEJORATIVEhaving a disparaging or belittling effect102
13499171225IMMUTABLEunchangeable103
13499171226RECAPITULATEsummarize briefly104
13499171227CAPITULATEto surrender; to give up resistance105
13499171228PREEMINENTsuperior; surpassing; above or before others106
13499171229SARDONICmocking; cynical; sneering107
13499171151INNATEexisting from birth, inborn108
13499171152DISILLUSIONto disappoint someone by breaking his or her belief in a false ideal109
13499171153GUILEtreacherous cunning, deceit110
13499171154OSTRACIZEexclude from a group, banish, send away111
13499171155IMPUGNto attack as false or questionable112
13499171156IMPUNITYexemption from punishment113
13499171157MITIGATEto make milder or softer, to moderate in force or intensity114
13499171158INCESSANTcontinuing without pause or interruption (seemingly nonstop)115
13499171159VIS A VISin relation to or compared with116
13499171160INSIDIOUSintended to deceive or entrap; sly, treacherous117
13499171161TUMULTUOUSdisturbance and uproar; raising a great clatter and commotion118
13499171162SUBSTANTIATEto support with proof or evidence119
13499171163POLEMICALcontroversial; argumentative120
13499171164EGREGIOUSoutstandingly bad121
13499171165LAMBASTEattack verbally122
13499171166VACUOUSlacking ideas or intelligence; empty123
13499171167VACILLATEwaver; sway indecisively124
13499171230PARIAHan outcast; any person or animal that is generally despised or avoided125
13499171231ANTIQUATEDold-fashioned; no longer used126
13499171232PEDESTRIANlacking in vitality, imagination, distinction, etc.; commonplace; dull127
13499171233CHARLATANa person who pretends or claims to have more knowledge or skill than he or she possesses128
13499171234MASOCHISTa person who loves experiencing pain, self-imposed or imposed by others129
13499171235SADISTa person who obtains pleasure from inflicting pain on others130
13499171236MISOGYNISTa person who hates, dislikes, mistrusts, or mistreats women131
13499171237INANElacking sense, significance; silly132
13499171168AMBIGUOUSopen to more than one interpretation133
13499171169EMPIRICALbased on observation or experiment134
13499171170ACQUIESCEaccept something reluctantly but without protest135
13499171171CHAGRINembarrassed and disappointed136
13499171172BANALlacking freshness; cliche; trite137
13499171173RETICENTnot inclined to speak; reserved; reluctant138
13499171174REPUDIATEreject the validity or authority of139
13499171175INCENDIARYinflaming; provoking heat or anger140
13499171176BEDLAMa noisy uproar; a scene of wild confusion141
13499171177AMBIVALENTsimultaneously feeling opposing feelings; uncertain142
13499171178PRETENTIOUSassumption of dignity or importance, especially when exaggerated or undeserved143
13499171179EQUIVOCATEuse ambiguous language so as to conceal the truth or avoid committing oneself144
13499171180ENCAPSULATEto place in a capsule; to condense or summarize145
13499171181ANACHRONISTICout-of-date, not attributed to the correct historical period146
13499171182PRAGMATICconcerned with practical considerations or values rather than theoretical147
13499171183DISDAINconsidered beneath oneself; not worth of notice or response148
13499171184CORPORALrelating to or having an effect on the human body149
13499171238PENSIVEwistfully thoughtful, usually marked by sadness150
13499171239COLLOQUIALappropriate to ordinary or familiar conversation rather than formal speech or writing151
13499171240COLLUSIONa secret agreement between two parties to appear as adversaries as a way to defraud a third party152
13499171241CLANDESTINEcharacterized by or done in secrecy for the purpose of deception153
13499171242SURREPTITIOUSdone by stealth; secret actions154
13499171243PERFUNCTORYperformed merely as a routine; going through the motions only155
13499171244MYOPICnarrow-minded; lack of foresight156
13499171245COMPLACENTself-satisfied; pleased without awareness of some potential danger or defect157
13499171185VOLATILEhighly unstable; explosive158
13499171186TOUTto publicly brag, promote159
13499171187MORASSa wet swampy bog; figuratively, something that traps and confuses160
13499171188OBTUSElacking sharpness of intellect161
13499171189PALPABLEcapable of being touched or felt162
13499171190PANACEAa remedy for all ills; cure-all; an answer to all problems163
13499171191PRISTINEuntouched; original purity164
13499171192MALLEABLEcapable of being changed; easily shaped165
13499171193PARAMOUNTof chief concern or importance166
13499171194FLIPPANTlacking proper respect or seriousness167
13499171195PATRONIZEtreat with an apparent kindness that betrays a feeling of superiority168
13499171196DUPLICITOUSdeliberately deceptive169
13499171197SPECIOUSdeceptively attractive; seemingly plausible but fallacious170
13499171198OSTENSIBLEappearing as such, seemingly171
13499171199TRANSIENTlasting only a short time, fleeting; one who stays only a short time172
13499171200VERACITYtruthfulness173
13499171201FORTIUITOUShappening by chance174
13499171246LANGUIDlacking spirit or liveliness175
13499171247COMMENSURATEcorresponding in size or degree or extent176
13499171248DILETTANTEa person who takes up an art, activity, or subject merely for amusement in a superficial way177
13499171249SORDIDmorally base; vile; dirty or filthy178
13499171250ARDUOUSrequiring great exertion; full of hardships179
13499171251APATHETIChaving or showing little or no emotion180
13499171252MINUTIAEprecise details; trifling matters181
13499171253EFFICACYcapacity for producing a desired result182
13499171254CAPRICIOUSsubject to, led by a sudden, odd notion or unpredictable change; erratic183
13499171255CONJECTUREan untestable proposition184
13499171256EPITOMIZEserve as a typical example of185
13499171257PARAGONa model of pattern of excellence; the ideal standard186
13499171202IMPETUOUShasty; without due consideration; rash187
13499171203OPAQUEimpossible to see through; preventing the passage of light188
13499171204MORIBUNDclose to death; in a dying state189
13499171205CONVOLUTEDtwisted, complicated190
13499171206SOPHOMORICintellectually immature and overconfident191
13499171207SOPORIFICsleep-inducing192
13499171208CLICHEa worn-out idea or overused expression193
13499171209ABSTRACTexisting in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence.194
13499171210BUREAUCRATICof or relating to unnecessary procedures and red tape195
13499171211MOREScustoms, manners, or morals of a particular group196
13499171212TENUOUSthin; lacking a sound basis, as reasoning; unsubstantiated; weak197
13499171213TENTATIVEexperimental in nature; uncertain, hesitant198
13499171214VERSEDfamiliar because of experience199
13499171258ALLITERATIONrepetition of the same sound within nearby words; most often, repeated initial consonants200
13499171259APOSTROPHEaddresses an abstraction, an inanimate object, or to the someone not present201
13499171260HYPERBOLEexaggeration for effect202
13499171261MEIOSISunderstatement for effect203
13499171262LITOTESmaking an affirmative point by denying its opposite204
13499171263PERSONIFICATIONgiving human characteristics to non-human things205
13499171264IRONY (verbal and situational)reversal of expectations or speaking in such a way as to imply the contrary of what one says206
13499171265SARCASMa mocking or derogatory statement, usually ironic, directed and intended to hurt another person207
13499171266SATIREliterary genre that uses irony, wit and sometimes sarcasm to expose humanity's vices and foibles, giving impetus to change or reform through ridicule208
13499171267SIMILEcomparing two distinct things by using connective words such as like or as209
13499171268METAPHORidentify one object or idea with another in one or more aspects via representation or substitution210
13499171269METONYMYsubstituting the word in mind with an object closely related to it (White House for President)211
13499171270SYNECDOCHEa part of something is used to represent the whole of something (all hands on deck)212
13499171271ANAPHORArepetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of two or more lines, clauses, or sentences213
13499171272ANTIMETABOLErepetition of words in successive clauses in reverse grammatical order (similar to chiasmus)214
13499171273ANTITHESISbalancing contrasting terms against each other for emphasis215
13499171274ZEUGMAone word is used to mean two different things simultaneously216
13499171275ANASTROPHEreversal of word order to make a point217
13499171276ANTECEDENTthe original noun, noun phrase or clause referred to later in the text by other means (pronouns, metaphors, etc.)218
13499171277APPOSITIVEa noun or noun phrase that further describes a nearby noun or pronoun219
13499171278PHRASEgroup of words without a verb (always dependent on other words to make a complete sentence)220
13499171279CLAUSEgroup of words with a verb (independent clauses are complete sentences; dependent clause require an independent clause to make a complete sentence)221
13499171280SIMPLE SENTENCEsentence containing one independent clause222
13499171281COMPOUND SENTENCEsentence containing multiple independent clauses223
13499171282COMPLEX SENTENCEsentence containing at least one independent and at least one dependent clause224
13499171283FRAGMENTincomplete sentence (can be effective depending on the purpose)225
13499171284SUBORDINATIONthe use of a conjunction to make the meaning of one clause dependent on another clause226
13499171285PASSIVE VOICEwhen the object of the verb is the subject of the sentence. (The homework is read by Sam.)227
13499171286ACTIVE VOICEwhen the subject is doing the action. (Sam reads the homework.)228
13499171215ANECDOTEa short account of a particular incident or event229
13499171216EUPHEMISMthe substitution of a mild, indirect, or vague expression for one thought to be offensive, harsh, or blunt230
13499171217JUXTAPOSITIONplacing two elements side by side to present a comparison or contrast231

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