Chap. 1, 3-5
Terms : Hide Images
| 913941161 | Psychology | scientific study of behavior and mental processes | |
| 913941162 | 4 steps of scientific method | describe, explain, predict, control | |
| 913941163 | Hypothesis | a proposal intended to explain certain facts or observations | |
| 913941164 | experimental research | Research method that demonstrates cause and effect | |
| 913941165 | Rules of psychological investigation | observing some phenomenon, formulating hypotheses and predictions, testing though empirical research, drawing conclusions, and evaluating the theory | |
| 913941166 | What psychologists have in common | person and situation, nature vs. nurture, stability and change, diversity vs. universality, and the mind, body, and soul connection | |
| 913941167 | Opened the first psych laboratory | Wilhelm Wundt | |
| 913941168 | the structures of mental processes | Wundt was interested in studying _____ | |
| 913941169 | Freud's theory | "dreams are the royal road to the unconscious," manifest content, latent content, psychoanalysis/ psychodynamic | |
| 913941170 | Cognitive theory | dreams are essentially subconscious cognitive processing | |
| 913941171 | Behaviorists' theory | dreams result from the brain's attempts to find logic in random brain activity that occurs during sleep | |
| 913941172 | human strengths | Positive psychology focuses on ____ | |
| 913941173 | psychiatrists | Who can prescribe meds for mental illnesses | |
| 913941174 | Plasticity | refers to the brain's special physical capacity for change | |
| 913941175 | Nervous system | the body's electrochemical communication circuitry | |
| 913941176 | the neuron | Smallest unit of nervous system | |
| 913941177 | Sympathetic nervous system | arouses the body | |
| 913941178 | Prasympathetic nervous system | calms the body | |
| 913941179 | endocrine | Hormones are chemical messengers for the ____ system | |
| 913941180 | axons | Nerve fibers that enable communication between the right and left cerebral hemispheres | |
| 913941181 | "Master gland" | hypothalmus | |
| 913941182 | temporal | Language is said to be located in the ____ lobe of the brain | |
| 913941183 | Sensation | the process of receiving stimulus energies from the external environment and transforming those energies into neural energies | |
| 918113991 | Absolute Threshold | the minimum amount of stimulus energy that a person can detect | |
| 918113992 | Perception | the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information so that it has meaning | |
| 918113993 | Locke believed people ______ | was born with a blank slate (tabula rosa) | |
| 918113994 | Perceptual Set | a predisposition or readiness to perceive something in a particular way | |
| 918113995 | the skin | Largest sense organ | |
| 918113996 | Precognition | Perceiving future events | |
| 918113997 | Consciousness | an individual's awareness of external and internal sensations under a condition of arousal, including awareness of the self and thoughts about one's experiences | |
| 918113998 | stream of consciousness | Research method that demonstrates cause and effect | |
| 918113999 | selective attention | The cocktail party phenomena provides an example of ______ | |
| 918114000 | Insomnia | the inability to sleep | |
| 918114001 | Apnea | disorder in which individuals stop breathing during sleep | |
| 918114002 | REM | rapid eye movement | |
| 918114003 | How many Americans fail to get enough sleep | 1/3 to 1/2 of the poulation | |
| 918114004 | Altered States of Consciousness | loss of one's sense of self-consciousness to hallucinating; produced by trauma, fever, fatigue, sensory deprivation, meditation, hypnosis, and psychological disorders | |
| 918114005 | Learning | a systematic, relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs through experience | |
| 918114006 | spontaneous | Operant conditioning operates on the principle that behaviors occur more often when they are ______ | |
| 918114007 | Law of effect | Thorndike's law stating that behaviors followed by positive outcomes are strengthened and that behaviors followed by negative outcomes are weakened | |
| 918114008 | Spontaneous Recovery | the process in classical conditioning by which a conditional response can recur after a time delay, without further conditioning | |
| 918114009 | Discrimination (in classical conditioning) /(in operant conditioning) | the process of learning to respond to certain stimuli and not others/ responding appropriately to stimuli that signal that a behavior will or not be reinforced | |
| 918114010 | Extrinsic Motivation | motivation that involves external incentives such as rewards and punishments | |
| 918114011 | Latent Learning | unreinforced learning that is not immediately reflected in behavior | |
| 918114012 | imitation | Observational Learning includes _____ | |
| 918114013 | Learned helplessness | an organism's learning through experience with unavoidable negative stimuli that it has no control over negative outcomes |
