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Geography Chapter 12 Southern Europe Flashcards

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5974361604ParthenonA temple in Athens that is dedicated to Athena, the Greek god of war strategy and wisdom.0
5974367769AcropolisA place in Athens where the Parthenon is located.1
6010431572Aesop's FablesA type of literature that the Greeks invented.2
6010435191Oracle of Apollo at DelphiA temple dedicated to Apollo where a woman predicted you future.3
6010437476Direct DemocracyA type of government where the people choose their leaders and where all citizens votes on each law.4
6010440268Representative DemocracyA type of government where the people choose their leaders and a house of representatives votes on each law.5
6010443104Byzantine EmpireAlso known as the Eastern Empire. Greece was part of this empire. The rulers of this empire admired Greek culture and encouraged people to adopt the Greek language and customs.6
6010443105Ottoman TurksThese people from Central Asia took over Greece in the 1300s and 1400s after Greece was part of the Byzantine Empire.7
6010445638Greek MythologyA type of religion the Greeks believed in with Greek heroes and gods.8
6010447773Greek Orthodox ChurchA branch of Christianity that dates to the Byzantine Empire.9
6010447774AthensThe capital of Greece where almost one-third of the country's entire population either lives in or around the city.10
6010453336Air Pollution in AthensThis is happening because the country's industry is centered in Athens, and this has resulted because of this industry. This problem has resulted in this, and damages ancient ruins and causes health problems.11
6010457644Debt Crisis in GreeceThis is happening because Greece has gotten money from banks and other countries, and Greece hasn't paid them back because they don't have enough money.12
6010460638Shipping and Tourism2 of Greece's most important industries.13
6010470978PopeThe head of the Roman Catholic Church.14
6010470979Vatican CityAn independent state located within the city of Rome. It is where the pope lives.15
6010473153SicilyAn island at the Italian peninsula's tip in Southern Italy. Farming is especially important in this city.16
6010473154VeniceA city in Italy, and is one of the country's most visited tourist attractions. Canals are replaced as roads because the city was built on islands.17
6010473155RomeThe capital of Italy. It was built in the 700s BC as a tiny village, and it grew to control nearly all the land around the Mediterranean Sea. The people living in this city helped spread Christianity. This is where the Colosseum was built.18
6010477223Roman CatholicismHas been the single strongest influence on Italian culture. Most people belong to this religion.19
6010483133RenaissanceA period of great creativity in Europe. It lasted about 1350-1500s. This happened when merchants became rich from trade from China and sponsored artists and architects. During this period of time, artists and writers (most Italian) created some of the world's greatest works of art and literature. The Mona Lisa was created during this time.20
6010483134Benito MussoliniA man that became dictator in the 1920s. He joined Hitler to fight other countries of Europe in World War ||.21
6010485232NationalismStrong patriotic feelings for a country. People in Italy fought because of this for unification & Italy became a unified kingdom in 1861.22
6010485233MerchantsThese type of people became rich from trade from China and sponsored artists and architects, which lead to the Renaissance.23
6010487433Northern ItalyThe region of Italy that has a stronger economy because it has the country's most fertile farmland, major trade centers, and the most popular tourist destinations.24
6010487434Southern ItalyThe region of Italy that has a poorer economy because. The Italian government is trying to promote industry and giving incentives.25
6010487435IberiaWhat the Iberian peninsula is called. The westernmost peninsula in Europe. The Phoenicians ruled this place first, then the Greeks, the Romans/Roman Empire, & the Moors.26
6010513616Parliamentary MonarchyA type of government that has the king rule with the help of an elected parliament.27
6010513617MadridThe capital of Spain and one of the centers of industry, tourism, and culture in the country.28
6010513618BarcelonaOne of the centers of industry, tourism, and culture in the country.29
6010515935LisbonThe capital of Portugal and large city where industries that the economy is based on is centered.30
6010515936MoorsMuslims that invaded Spain and Portugal from the south.31
6010515937BasquesPeople of the Pyrenees. They have their own language (not related to Spanish or Portuguese), own customs, and own traditions. Now, many of these people have wanted to form their own independent country.32
6010518699FadosSad folk songs that the Portuguese is famous for.33
6010518700FlamencoComplex guitar rhythms, a heavy beat, and whirling dancers are all a part of this traditional Spanish art form.34
6010530650Parliamentary DemocracyA type of government where there is a leader and an elected parliament.35
6010530651RepublicA country made up of several religions and states.36
6010533706Corks and GrapesFarmers in Portugal are most famous for growing these crops.37

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