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| 8340197373 | Huron Indians | Native American tribe who formed an alliance with the French upon the founding of Quebec. Remained French allies, but ultimately weakened by disease epidemics in 1639. | 0 | |
| 8340197374 | Paxton Boys | Pennsylvania colonists who marched through Pennsylvania demanding land be taken from Native Americans. | 1 | |
| 8340197375 | Speculators | A person who invests in stocks, property or other ventures in the hope of making money. These people invested in company stocks and land properties usually used for farming and took huge risks. Economy and Society (Source: Business Dictionary) | 2 | |
| 8340197376 | Huguenots | A member of a reformed or calvinistic communion of france in the 16th and 17th centuries; a French protestant. (dictionary.com) | 3 | |
| 8340197377 | Andrew Hamilton | Philadelphia lawyer who defended Zenger | 4 | |
| 8340197378 | hereditary aristocracy | A form of government in which rule is in the hands of an "upper class" or aristocratic family. This inevitably means those with the power to hold wealth, and to define who shall remain in poverty and slavery. There was none of this in the general structure of colonial society. Their class system was based on economics with wealthy landowners at the top, and craftspeople and common people made up the majority. | 5 | |
| 8340197380 | New Orleans | Is a Louisiana city on the Mississippi River, near the Gulf of Mexico. It's nickname is the "Big Easy", is full of round-the clock nightlife, vibrant live music, cuisine, and it's festive spirit is MARDI GRAS. M. A. G. P. I. E. S: America in the world and Society and culture This term is significant because geographers need to know what's this city is about | 6 | |
| 8340197381 | Iroquois | The Iroquois or Haudenosaunee are a historically powerful northeast Native American confederacy. | 7 | |
| 8340197382 | Seven Years War | The war that pitted the colonies of British America against those of New France and their native allies over the Ohio valley and is also known as the French and Indian war. Important because it depleted Britain's economy and established England as the new global power. It caused higher taxes in the colonies leading to the Revolutionary war. (Textbook) | 8 | |
| 8340197383 | Fort Necessity | Entrenched camp built in July, 1754, by George Washington and his Virginia militia at Great Meadows. (Thefreedictionary.com) | 9 | |
| 8340197384 | Acadians | French residents of Nova Scotia expelled by the British. Moved to Louisiana and became known as Cajuns. Relates to MAGPIES theme of Migration and movement because they were expelled from Acadia by the English, and Society because they had a distinct culture (Source: www.encyclopedia.com) | 10 | |
| 8340197385 | Cajuns | French who relocated to Lousiana after being expelled from Nova Scotia. | 11 | |
| 8340197386 | William Pitt | British Prime Minister who, by increasing troop numbers and spending money, turned around and won the French and Indian War. | 12 | |
| 8340197387 | Maroons | Escaped slaves in Jamaica who developed their own culture and community. Ultimately agreed to stop helping new escaped slaves join their ranks. | 13 | |
| 8340197388 | Chattel Slavery | The type of slavery in which slaves were considered property. They could be bought, sold, and traded. (Fightslaverynow.org) | 14 | |
| 8340197389 | triangular trade route | Trade routes used across the Atlantic to trade slaves, mass produced goods, and manufactured goods between the North American colonies, Britain, and Africa. The trading routes helped unify the slaves in America into communities, and the mass produced goods that came from America to Britain were taxed by the government and it Britain ended up with a lot of money. (Textbook pg. 138)(Economy and migration) | 15 | |
| 8340197390 | middle passage | The voyage across the Atlantic for slaves and was the second/middle leg of the triangular trading routes linking Europe, Africa, and American. (Give Me Liberty! An American History Page 141) | 16 | |
| 8340197391 | Mass Consumer Goods | Sugar, Rice, Coffee, and Tobacco produced by slaves to further English economic development. Economy, Society, & Migration (Source: Textbook) | 17 | |
| 8340197392 | task system | System in which slaves were assigned several specific jobs within a day. When those tasks were finished, slaves could have time to themselves. (Give Me Liberty! An American History Pg. 144) | 18 | |
| 8340197393 | South Carolina | This colony was an essential part of using slaves to cultivate crops like rice, with the richest group of mainland planters. | 19 | |
| 8340197394 | Georgia | One of the 13 English colonies and in the 19th century had the greatest number of plantations in the south and economic dependence on salvery(History.com) | 20 | |
| 8340197395 | Creek Indians | Residing in Georgia, Alabama, Florida, and North Carolina, these people originally inhabited the American Southwest. Relates to MAGPIES theme of geography because they lived in the southwest region of the US and Movement and Migration because they forcefully moved to Oklahoma reservations in the 1800s. Source (www.encyclopedia.com) | 21 | |
| 8340197396 | Stono Rebellion | slave rebellion in the colony South Carolina in 1739 | 22 | |
| 8340197397 | Cato's Letters | A book published by John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon who were Country Party publicists that emphasized the political role of independent landowners and warnings against constant tendency of political power to infringe upon liberty. The elites in the colonies were attracted to this because they wanted to increase how much power they had because they were rich independent landowners, and in Britain the book had very little impact. (Textbook pg. 152)(Politics and power) | 23 | |
| 8340197398 | sedition | to conduct or speech inciting people to rebel against the authority of a state or monarch. (dictionary.com) | 24 | |
| 8340197399 | libel | A published false statement that is damaging to a persons reputation. (Textbook) this term is significant due to misleading statements against leaders that led to trials. M.A.G.P.I.E.S ~identity American and National | 25 | |
| 8340197400 | Benjamin Franklin | Founding father of United States. A renowned polymath and leasing author, printer,politician theorist politician.He was significant in history because he helped draft the declaration of Independence in the 13 colonies.That same year congress sent him to France to enlist nations help with the Revolutionary War.(source: textbook & Benjamin Franklin-Americanhistory.com) M.A.G.P.I.E.S. :politics and power , society and culture | 26 | |
| 8340197401 | "life, liberty, and property" | Locke's version of inalienable rights. In the Declaration of Independence, one word was changed. | 27 | |
| 8340197402 | deism | Belief in a supreme being. Specifically a creator who made the universe but left. Or does not intervene | 28 | |
| 8340197403 | Isaac Newton | A scientist who began developing his influential theories on light,calculus and celestial mechanics and ,publication of principia that established the universal laws of motion and gravity.(History.com) | 29 | |
| 8340197404 | The Great Awakening | The religious revival when church leaders became concerned about the lax religious devotion so they modified Christianity into a more emotional and personal religion. (Text book pg. 161) | 30 | |
| 8340197405 | evangelists | a person who seeks to convert others to the Christian faith, especially by public preaching. In the Great Awakening, they were usually those without fixed churches, who traveled around passionately preaching. | 31 | |
| 8340197406 | Jonathan Edwards | American revivalist preacher, philosopher, and Congregationalist Protestant theologian. | 32 | |
| 8340197407 | "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" | sermon by Jonathan Edwards portraying sinners as standing "on such slippery declining ground, on the edge of a pit" and ready to fall into hell. | 33 | |
| 8340197408 | Old Lights | One of the factions that headed the Congregations when they split in Connecticut, the 1760s. The emergence of numerous Dissenting churches was inspired by George Whitefield. (Give Me Liberty! An American History Page 162) | 34 | |
| 8340197409 | John Locke | Enlightenment philosopher who described government as a social contract in which men agree to exchange some freedom to do whatever they want for the benefits of living in an ordered society. | 35 | |
| 8340197410 | The Enlightenment | Also known as the "Age of Reason", a period in which it became popular to rely on reason, deduction, the scientific method, and logical deduction rather than faith or superstition. | 36 | |
| 8340197411 | social contract | a theory of government in which people agree to be governed, voluntarily giving up some freedom in exchange for the benefits of living in a society with rules. | 37 | |
| 8340197412 | balance of power diplomacy | practice of many Native American tribes, for example the Iroquois, of dealing with colonial powers by playing them off one another, seeking to ensure than no one colonial power becomes too powerful. | 38 | |
| 8340197413 | rice plantations | This marketable crop created large scale importation of slaves, for them to cultivate rice and create a foundation of slavery in places like South Carolina. | 39 | |
| 8340197414 | John Oglethorpe | primary founder of Georgia. A philanthropist, he founded Georgia as a haven for debtors and convicts, i.e., the "worthy poor". | 40 | |
| 8340197415 | indigo | valuable commodity used to die fabric blue. Grown in Southern colonies, such as Carolina. | 41 | |
| 8340197416 | Baptist | an Evangelical Christian church denomination where individuals believe that church members should be baptized. Society and culture. Henry Apline. | 42 | |
| 8340197417 | Methodist | a mainline Christian Protestant denomination originating during the 1700s evangelistic movement. society and culture. dictionary.com | 43 | |
| 8340197418 | Presbyterian | A denomination based on the doctrines of John Calvin and governed by elders. It was founded in Scotland, where it is the established church, supported by the government. (dictionary.com) | 44 | |
| 8340197419 | factors / factories | large forts where slaves were gathered for transport from Africa during the Atlantic Slave Trade. | 45 | |
| 8340197420 | absolutism | Acceptance or belief of absolute principles in philosophical,political, ethical, or theological matters | 46 | |
| 8340197421 | Peter Zenger | a journalist that didn't agree with the governor of New York in the 1700's. Was jailed and found not guilty. | 47 | |
| 8340197422 | middle ground | a borderland or a place with numerous peoples and cultures coexist. | 48 | |
| 8340197424 | Pontiac's Rebellion | A native American rebellion against the English colonies that part way succeeded killing hundreds of settlers and was resolved through the Proclamation line of 1763. Important because it set the Proclamation line of 1763. (Textbook) | 49 | |
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