global ecology
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| 581398765 | Biosphere | the regions of the Earth's waters, crust, and atmosphere inhabited by living organisms | 1 | |
| 581398766 | Ecosystem | a place where organisms interact between each other and their environment | 2 | |
| 581398767 | Terrestrial | several distinct types based on temperature and waterfall | 3 | |
| 581398768 | Aquatic | freshwater and marine | 4 | |
| 581398769 | Forests | 1.dominated by trees 2.Tropical rain forest 3.Coniferous forests (taiga) 4.Temperate deciduous forests | 5 | |
| 581398770 | Grasslands | 1.dominated by grass 2.Tropical grasslands 3.Temperate grasslands (prairie) | 6 | |
| 581398771 | Deserts | 1.characterized by lack of available moisture 2.Tundra 3.Deserts | 7 | |
| 581398772 | Marine | 1.Seashores 2.Oceans 3.Coral reefs 4.Estuaries | 8 | |
| 581398773 | Freshwater | 1.Lakes 2.Ponds 3.Rivers 4.Streams | 9 | |
| 581398774 | Autotrophs | producers | 10 | |
| 581398775 | Heterotrophs | consumers | 11 | |
| 581398776 | Niche | the role an organism plays in an ecosystem such as how it gets its food, what it eats, and how it interacts with other organisms | 12 | |
| 581398777 | Energy flow | 1.Begins and continues when producers absorb solar energy 2.Occurs as nutrients pass from one population to another 3.This energy is converted to heat that dissipates into the environment 4.Only a portion of energy is passed to organisms as they consume one another | 13 | |
| 581398778 | Chemical cycling | 1.Inorganic nutrients are returned to producers from the atmosphere or soil 2.Chemicals recycle within and between ecosystems | 14 | |
| 581398781 | Food web | describes who eats whom | 15 | |
| 581398782 | Trophic levels | composed of all organisms that feed at a particular link in the food chain -- Producers, primary consumers, and secondary consumers | 16 | |
| 581398783 | Ecological pyramid | reflects the loss of energy from one trophic level to another --Only about 10% of the energy of one trophic level is available to the next trophic level | 17 | |
| 581398784 | Biogeochemical cycles | are pathways by which chemicals circulate through an ecosystem including both living and nonliving components 1.Water cycle 2.Carbon cycle 3.Nitrogen cycle 4.Phosphorus cycle | 18 | |
| 581398785 | Reservoir | fossil fuels, minerals in rocks, and sediment in oceans that contain inorganic nutrients that are limited in availability | 19 | |
| 581398788 | Exchange pools | atmosphere, soil, and water that are ready sources of inorganic nutrients | 20 | |
| 581398790 | Water Cycle | --Water evaporates from the bodies of water, land, and plants and returns when water falls on land to enter the ground, surface waters, or aquifers Evaporation: Water goes from liquid to gaseous form due to heat from the sun 1.Transpiration: Evaporation from plants 2.Condensation: Water goes from gaseous to liquid form 3.Precipitation: Falling precipitation- rain, snow, sleet, hail, fog 4.Runoff: Overland flow of water due to gravity 5.Percolation: Water sinks into the ground 6.Aquifer: Underground rock layers that contain water | 21 | |
| 581398792 | Human impacts on the water cycle | 1.Withdraw water from aquifers 2.Clear vegetation from the land and build structures that prevent percolation and increase runoff 3.Add pollutants to water such as sewage and chemicals | 22 | |
| 581398794 | Carbon cycle | 1.CO2 is exchanged between the atmosphere and living organisms 2.Plants incorporate atmospheric CO2 into nutrients through photosynthesis that can be used by living organisms 3.CO2 is returned to the atmosphere through respiration | 23 | |
| 581398798 | Human impacts on the carbon cycle | 1.Burning of fossil fuels and the destruction of forests are depositing CO2 to the atmosphere faster than it is being removed 2.CO2 and other gases (N2O and CH4) are being emitted due to human activities 3.These gases are called greenhouse gases because they trap heat that contributes to global warming | 24 | |
| 581398800 | Nitrogen cycle | --78% of the atmosphere is nitrogen gas but it is not in a usable form by plants 1.Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert nitrogen gas to ammonium that can be used by plants 2.Nitrifying bacteria convert ammonium to nitrate 3.Bacteria convert nitrate back to nitrogen gas through a process called dentrification | 25 | |
| 581398803 | Human impacts on the nitrogen cycle | 1.We add nitrogen fertilizers that run off into lakes and streams that cause major fish kills by eutrophication 2.Burning of fossil fuels --puts nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere where they combine with water vapor to form acids that return to earth as acid deposition --Result in nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons that react with one another to produce smog | 26 | |
| 581398805 | Phosphorus cycle | 1.Phosphate ions become available to living organisms by the slow weathering of rocks 2.Phosphate is a limiting nutrient in ecosystems | 27 | |
| 581398808 | Human impacts on the phosphorus cycle | 1.Runoff of phosphate due to fertilizer and discharge from sewage treatment plants results in eutrophication 2.Sources of pollution: --Point source - specific sources --Nonpoint sources - runoff from land | 28 |
