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| 208374992 | Homo Sapiens | hominoids that emerged in eastern and southern Africa around 250,000 years ago | 0 | |
| 214741492 | Human Revolution | Africa, culture became more important than biology in shaping human behavior | 1 | |
| 214741493 | Human Migration | 10,000 years ago, from Africa to Europe | 2 | |
| 214741494 | Paleolithic era, "old stone age" | food-collecting or hunting and gathering way of life, lasted about 11,000 years, 95% of human existence | 3 | |
| 214741495 | Agriculture | domesticating animals and plants for consumption, first appeared in the Middle East, Africa, Asia, and the Americas | 4 | |
| 214741496 | Nomads (pastorialists) | people who lived in arid conditions who moved from place to place with their domesticated animals in search of pasturelands | 5 | |
| 214741497 | civilizations | societies that were based in bustling cities and governed by powerful states, first appeared 3500 bce | 6 | |
| 214741498 | earliest civilizations | Mesopotamia, egypt, Pakistan, N. India, China, Peru, and Mexico | 7 | |
| 214741499 | Foraging communities | groups of individuals who relied on hunting and gathering techniques for their food | 8 | |
| 214741500 | Dangers of large societies | widespread disease | 9 | |
| 214741501 | Effects of the Agriculture revolution | class division, poverty, abuse of power and control, war | 10 | |
| 214741502 | Patriarchy | societies dominated by men | 11 | |
| 214741503 | Persian Empire | very diverse, 23 provinces, ruled by Kings, standardized coinage, very wealthy | 12 | |
| 214741504 | Greece | 750 bce, 2-3 million people, 100s of city-states, unified language (greek) and religion, democracy (direct and restricted) | 13 | |
| 214741505 | Roman Empire | 509 bce, democracy, strong army, very expansive | 14 | |
| 215432041 | characteristics of civilizations | sedintary communities, agricultural dependence, occupation specialization, class stratification, state level government, long distance trade, urbanism | 15 | |
| 215432042 | The epic of Gilgamesh | an ancient epic poem, one of the earliest pieces of literature, from around 1700 bce. | 16 | |
| 215432043 | Qin Shihuaugdi | ruled from 221-210 bce, sucessfully restored Chinese empire with a military campaign to squash warring states | 17 | |
| 215432044 | Legalism | avocated clear rules and harsh punishments as a means of inforcing the authority of the state | 18 | |
| 215432045 | Han Dynasty | 206 bce - 220 ce, implemented confucianism as the official code of law | 19 | |
| 215432046 | The Aryans | began first Indian empire along the Ganges river in 600 bce | 20 | |
| 215432047 | Hinduism | the official religion of Indian civilizations | 21 | |
| 215432048 | Caste system | social organization of Indian civilizations | 22 | |
| 215432049 | Dynasty | also known as a ruling family, a unit of measurement in dating Chinese history | 23 | |
| 215432050 | Ocracle bones | writings on turtle shells that described life in China outside of the government | 24 | |
| 215432051 | One child policy | In China, each family was limited to one child. | 25 | |
| 215432052 | Polytheistic religions | many gods, religions in Mesopotamia and Egypt | 26 | |
| 215432053 | Mandate of Heaven | In China, the emperor ruled by divine intervention but was still subjected to divine scrutiny and punishment. | 27 | |
| 215432054 | Axial Age | 500 bce - 500 ce, greco-roman philosophy, judaism, christianity, Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Confucianism | 28 | |
| 215432055 | Satraps | Persian provinces | 29 | |
| 215432056 | Satrapies | govenors of Persian provinces | 30 | |
| 215432057 | Autocratic Monarchy | total government power in the hand of one leader, the form of government found in the persian empire | 31 | |
| 215432058 | Democracy | majority rule, originated in Greece official government of Rome | 32 | |
| 215432059 | 6 Characteristics of an empire | Expansionism, central political authority, large in size, multi-ethnic and multi-cultural, great interaction, cultural interaction | 33 | |
| 215432060 | Zoroastrianism | the official religion of the persian empire, Single high god and cosmic conflict of good and evil | 34 | |
| 215432061 | Representative government | citizens control who gains political office, magistrates, 1 year term limit, and no reelection | 35 | |
| 215432062 | council of elders | advisors of and to the magistrates, former magistrates | 36 | |
| 215432063 | Benevolent Tyrants | support the poor, fight the wealthy, abolish debt slavery | 37 | |
| 215432064 | Spartans | a very bland, cultureless people, trained from a young age to be great warriors | 38 | |
| 215432065 | Greek democracy | no property requirements to vote, government officials get paid | 39 | |
| 215892268 | Maize | staple crop in Mesoamerica | 40 | |
| 215892269 | Greek Rationalism | Appeared between 600 and 300 bce with emphasis on argument, logic, and the relentless questioning of recieved wisdom, its confidence in human reason, its enthusiasm for puzzling out the world without much reference to the gods | 41 | |
| 215892270 | Socrates | 469 - 399 bce, an athenian philosopher who walked about the city engaging others in conversation abou the good life | 42 | |
| 215892271 | Socratic method | constant questioning of asumptions and logic of his students' thinking | 43 | |
| 215892272 | Aristotle (384-322 bce) on virtue | a product of rational training and cultivated habit and could be learned | 44 | |
| 215892273 | Aristotle | 384-322 bce, a student of Plato, was a Greek philosopher who best exemplified the Greek way of thinking, writing or commenting on practically everything. | 45 | |
| 215892274 | Confucius | Lived 551-479 bce, china's greatest sage, a profound teacher and thinker, lessons gathered in the Analects | 46 | |
| 215892275 | Confucianism | a belief system based on the teachings of Confucius, concerned with social harmony, secular outlook, importance of education, and family as a model of the state. Founded by scholars long after Confucius was dead using the Analects | 47 | |
| 215892276 | The Analects | the short book which contains the teachings of Confucius | 48 | |
| 215892277 | Siddartha Gutama | c. 566 - c. 486 bce, a prince from a small north indian state who would later become known as Buddha | 49 | |
| 215892278 | Nirvana | enlightenment, a stage where individual identity, greed, hatred, and delusion would be extinguished | 50 | |
| 215892279 | Ashoka (268 - 232 bce) | Indian ruler who established Buddhism as the official religion of his empire | 51 |
