Terms : Hide Images
| 9399632483 | Criminal Law | The government charges an individual with violating specific laws. | 0 | |
| 9399632484 | Civil Law | A dispute between two parties. | 1 | |
| 9399632485 | Statutes | Laws passed by legislators. | 2 | |
| 9399632486 | Common Law | The accumulation of judicial decisions about legal issues. | 3 | |
| 9399632487 | Litigrants | A person involved in a lawsuit. | 4 | |
| 9399632488 | Plaintiff | Bringing the charge. | 5 | |
| 9399632489 | Defendant | Who is charged. | 6 | |
| 9399632490 | Standing to Sue | The requirement that plaintiffs have a serious interest in a case, which depends on whether they have sustained or are likely to sustain a direct and substantial injury from another party or from an action of government. | 7 | |
| 9399632491 | Class Action Suits | Lawsuits in which a small number of people sue on behalf of all people in similar circumstances. | 8 | |
| 9399632492 | Justiciable Disputes | Issues capable of being settled as a matter of law. | 9 | |
| 9399632493 | Attorneys | A person appointed to act for another in business or legal matters. | 10 | |
| 9399632494 | Amicus Curiae Briefs | Legal briefs submitted by a "friend of the court" for the purpose of influencing a court's decision by raising additional points of view and presenting information not contained in the briefs of the formal parties. | 11 | |
| 9399632495 | Constitutional Courts | From the Judiciary Act of 1789, Congress created lower federal courts. | 12 | |
| 9399632496 | Legislative Courts | Courts for special purposes. | 13 | |
| 9399632497 | Original Jurisdiction | The jurisdiction of courts that hear a case first, usually in a trial. | 14 | |
| 9399632498 | Appellate Jurisdiction | The jurisdiction of courts that hear cases brought to them on appeal from lower courts. | 15 | |
| 9399632499 | District Courts | The 91 federal courts of original jurisdiction. | 16 | |
| 9399632500 | Courts of Appeals | Appellate courts empowered to review all final decisions of district courts. | 17 | |
| 9399632501 | Judicial Circuits | The U.S. is divided in 12 judicial circuits, where each Court of Appeal is responsible for. | 18 | |
| 9399632502 | US Court of Appeals for Federal Circuits | Established by Congress, composed of 12 judges to hear appeals in specialized cases. | 19 | |
| 9399632503 | Supreme Court | The Court ensures uniformity in interpreting national laws, resolves conflicts among states, and maintains national supremacy in law. | 20 | |
| 9399632504 | Justices | The judges who are members of the Supreme Court. | 21 | |
| 9399632505 | Senatorial Courtesy | An unwritten traditional whereby nominations for state level federal judicial posts are usually not confirmed if they are opposed by a senator of the president's party from the state in which the nominee will serve. | 22 | |
| 9399632506 | Solicitor General | A presidential appointee and the third ranking office in the Department of Justice. In charge of the appellate court litigation of the federal government. | 23 | |
| 9399632507 | Opinion | A statement of legal reasoning behind a judicial decision. | 24 | |
| 9399632508 | Majority Opinion | Legal basis for the decision by the majority of justices. | 25 | |
| 9399632509 | Concurring Opinion | Still with the majority, but for a different legal basis. | 26 | |
| 9399632510 | Dissenting Opinion | Legal basis for opposing the decision. | 27 | |
| 9399632511 | Per curium Opinion | Unauthorized/unsigned opinion of the full court. | 28 | |
| 9399632512 | Stare Decisis | "let the decision stand" | 29 | |
| 9399632513 | Precedent | How similar cases have been decided in the past. | 30 | |
| 9399632514 | Originalism | A view that the Constitution should be interpreted according to the original intentions of original meaning of the Framers. | 31 | |
| 9399632515 | Judicial Implementation | How and whether court decisions are translated into actual policy, thereby affecting the behavior of others. | 32 | |
| 9399632516 | Interpreting Population | Those who have understood and reflect on the decision. | 33 | |
| 9399632517 | Implementing Population | Those who have to understand the decision. | 34 | |
| 9399632518 | Consumer Population | Those who are actually affected by the law. | 35 | |
| 9399632519 | John Marshall Court | John Marshall played a very important role in making the Court a significant national agenda setter. | 36 | |
| 9399632520 | Marbury v Madison | The 1803 case in which Chief Justice John Marshall asserted the right of the Supreme Court to determine the meaning the U.S. Constitution and also established judicial review. | 37 | |
| 9399632521 | Judicial Review | The power of the courts to determine whether the acts of Congress and the executive are in accord with the U.S. Constitution. | 38 | |
| 9399632522 | Nine Old Men | FDR proposed to Congress in expand the size of the Court so he could appoint more judges to support his New Deal Plan, Congress objected and never passed his plans. But Chief Justice Charles Evan Hughes and Associate Justice Owen Roberts switched their votes to favor the New Deal. | 39 | |
| 9399632523 | Warren Court | A time when Chief Justice Earl Warren was active in shaping public policy. | 40 | |
| 9399632524 | Burger Court | After, Chief Justice Warren E. Burger made the court more conservative. | 41 | |
| 9399632525 | Rehnquist Court | Led by Chief Justice William Rehnquist and was conservative. | 42 | |
| 9399632526 | Judicial Retraint | An approach to decision making in which judges play minimal policymaking roles and defer to legislatures whenever possible. | 43 | |
| 9399632527 | Judicial Activism | An approach to decision making in which judges sometimes make bold policy decisions, even charting new constitutional ground. | 44 | |
| 9399632528 | Political Questions | A doctrine developed by the federal courts and used as a means to avoid deciding some cases, principally those involving conflicts between the president and Congress. | 45 | |
| 9399632529 | Statutory Contsruction | The judicial interpretation of an act of Congress. | 46 | |
| 9399655837 | Writ of Certiorari | a formal document calling up the case from the lower federal or state courts. | 47 |
