Adapted from "The Earth and its Peoples: A Global History," 5th ed., Chapter 4
Terms : Hide Images
| 291394492 | Cyrus | founder of Achaemenid Persian Empire | 0 | |
| 291394493 | Darius I | third ruler of Persian Empire | 1 | |
| 291394494 | satrap | the governor of a province in Achaemenid Persian Empire, often a relative of the king | 2 | |
| 291394495 | Persepolis | a complex of palaces, reception halls, and treasury buildings erected by Darius I and Xerxes in the Persian homeland | 3 | |
| 291394496 | Zoroastrianism | a monotheistic religion originating in ancient Iran that became the official religion of the Achaemenids | 4 | |
| 291394497 | polis | the Greek term for city-state | 5 | |
| 291394498 | hoplite | a heavily armored Greek infantryman of the Archaic and Classical periods who fought in the close-packed phalanx formation | 6 | |
| 291394499 | tyrant | Greek term used to describe a leader who seized and held power in violation of the normal procedures and traditions of the community | 7 | |
| 291394500 | democracy | system of government in which all "citizens" have equal political and legal rights, privileges, and protections | 8 | |
| 291394501 | sacrifice | a gift given to a deity | 9 | |
| 291394502 | Herodotus | heir to the technique of historia, developed by the Greeks in the late Archaic period | 10 | |
| 291394503 | Pericles | aristocratic leader who guided the Athenian state through the transformation to full participatory democracy for all male citizens | 11 | |
| 291394504 | Persian Wars | conflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian empire, ranging from Ionian Revolt through Darius' expedition to Marathon | 12 | |
| 291394505 | trireme | Greek and Phoenician warship of the fifth and fourth centuries BCE | 13 | |
| 291394506 | Socrates | Athenian philosopher who shifted the emphasis of philosophical investigation from questions of natural science to ethics and human behavior | 14 | |
| 291394507 | Peloponnesian War | a protracted and costly conflict between the Athenian and Spartan alliance systems that convulsed most of the Greek world | 15 | |
| 291394508 | Alexander | king of Macedonia in northern Greece that conquered the Persian Empire, reached the Indus Valley, founded many Greek-style cities, and spread Greek culture across Middle East | 16 | |
| 291394509 | Hellenistic Age | the era between 320-30 BCE in which Greek culture spread across western Asia and northeastern Africa after the conquests of Alexander the Great | 17 | |
| 291394510 | Ptolemies | the Macedonian dynasty, descended from one of Alexander the Great's officers, that ruled Egypt for three centuries | 18 | |
| 291394511 | Alexandria | city on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt, founded by Alexander | 19 |
