Vocabulary for test and AP test review Unit 1
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| factors involved in an experiment | ||
| "effect" variable: depends on the action of the independent variable | ||
| "causal" variable: is manipulated by the experimenter | ||
| factors which affect an experiment but should not: uncontrolled | ||
| believed that the mind and body did not interact to affect one another, | ||
| believed that the mind and body worked together and affected one another | ||
| studying the structure of the skull to determine personality traits | ||
| father of psychology: brought the experimental approach to psych | ||
| technique in which the person examines their own thoughts and feelings to better understand themselves | ||
| Wundt theory that used introspection to explore the elemental structure of the human mind | ||
| American psychologist who developed theory of functionalism | ||
| emphasizes the wholeness of the mind when studying personality | ||
| psychologist who examined the heredity vs. environment aspect of psychology | ||
| Freudian theory that the unconscious mind determines behavior | ||
| significant contributor to psychology who developed psychoanalytic theory | ||
| that aspect of the mind that houses our hidden wishes thoughts desires etc. that we are not aware of at any given time | ||
| school of thought which emphasizes that personality/behavior is learned | ||
| school of thought that emphasizes free will in determining personality/behavior | ||
| school of thought which emphasizes thought processes in determining personality/behavior | ||
| emphasizes the environment in determining personality/behavior | ||
| emphasizes body chemistry and genetics in determining behavior | ||
| technique for studying behavior: watch the subject without his/her knowledge | ||
| technique for studying behavior: experiment set up in a lab situation with subject's knowledge | ||
| technique for studying behavior where you gather as much background info on the subject as possible | ||
| technique for studying behavior where there is a question and answer session with the subject | ||
| technique for studying behavior: subject answers questions in a forced choice format | ||
| technique in studying behavior which assess the subjects knowledge or opinions on a topic | ||
| repeatable measurable communicable set guidelines objective | ||
| presence of the experimenter affects the results | ||
| giving agreeable or socially acceptable answers when being studied | ||
| offering a "fake drug": subject convinces themselves that it is working | ||
| subjects selected based on conditions already being present: used because of ethical concerns | ||
| procedure for eliminating confounding variable effects by presenting them in different order along with the independent variable | ||
| total from which you can select participants | ||
| random representative group selected from the population | ||
| subjects which receive the changing independent variable | ||
| subjects in which the changing independent variable is not present: may receive a placebo used as comparison | ||
| set up in which the subject does not know which group they are in | ||
| set up in which neither the subject nor experimenter know which group the subjects are in: commonly used in drug evaluation studies | ||
| summation of data and what it means | ||
| measures the relationship between 2 variables: does not show cause and effect | ||
| numerical value of the relationship between 2 variables: falls between -1.0 and +1.0 | ||
| suggests that as one variable increases, so does the other | ||
| suggests that as one variable increases, the other similarly decreases | ||
| putting the correlation on the x/y graph | ||
| shows a cause-effect relationship research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more factors to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process | ||
| tests differences between groups and draws conclusions: inferring from the small group and apply to the larger group | ||
| numbers which describe the middle score | ||
| makes the data meaningful | ||
| average | ||
| score in the exact middle of the range | ||
| most frequently occurring score | ||
| range of scores into classes of equal size | ||
| how data spreads on the graph | ||
| distance between highest and lowest score | ||
| index of how much data generally varies from mean | ||
| bell shaped curve of data | ||
| 5% or less chance that the data occurred by chance | ||
| comparison of studies by other evaluators | ||
| right to decline participation openness and honesty information is confidential examine all potential risks | ||
| attributing human characters to inanimate objects | ||
| make direct use of findings real world aims to solve practical problems | ||
| studies the origins/cause of behavior aims to increase the scientific knowledge base |
