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| 133275003 | Des Knaben Wunderhorn | A collection of songs for voice and piano set to a group of German folk poems which are called _____ | |
| 133275004 | Lieder eines fahrenden Gesellen | Mahler's first song cycle, influenced by Des Knaben Wunderhorn | |
| 133470465 | Progressive tonality | This is the practice in which a piece ends on a different key than it began in. It is found in Mahler's Symphony No. 2 and his Lieder eines fahrenden Gesellen. | |
| 133470466 | fin de siecle | End of the last century (1800-1900's) | |
| 133470467 | Weltanschauungsmusik | Music expressive of a world outlook... Philosophy-music... Works of hugely ambitious dimensions... the Modernist's answer to "absolute music" | |
| 133470468 | Todtenfeier | The first movement of Mahler's symphony No. 2, originally composed as a symphonic poem. It existed that way for several years before acquiring its companion movements. | |
| 133470469 | Urlicht | A Wunderhorn song "Primordial light" set as the fourth movement of Mahler's 2nd symphony. It illustrates the longing of relief from worldly woes and answers to questions set forth in Todtenfeier. It is an alto solo serving as an intro to the Finale, similar to the bass recitative in Beethoven's 9th. | |
| 133470470 | Das Lied von der Erde | A song-symphony (song cycle+symphony) for two soloists and orchestra in six movements, composed by Mahler. He left this work unnumbered as a symphony because of the "curse of the ninth." | |
| 133480327 | Tolerance of Dissonance | The idea that Mahler and other composers incorporated in their works to construct massive chords. Especially found in the 2nd and 10th Mahler Symphonies. | |
| 133492297 | Siegmund Freud | Mahler visited this person to receive marital counseling. Due to him, Mahler let Alma compose during the last 6 months of his life. | |
| 133492298 | Alma Mahler | Part of the "Mahler circle." She was 19 years younger than Mahler, but became his wife. She was initially instructed that she would not compose herself, but after she had an affair, Mahler allowed her to publish 5 of her own songs. | |
| 133492299 | Bruno Walter | Part of the "Mahler circle." A German born conductor responsible for bringing and stabilizing Mahler's music in the USA. He was raised a Jew, but converted to Catholicism. Premiered Mahler's Das Lied von der Erde and his 9th symphony. | |
| 133492300 | Otto Klemperer | Part of the "Mahler circle." A German born conductor responsible for bringing and stabilizing Mahler's music to England. Fled to USA and became Music Director of the LA Philharmonic | |
| 133492301 | Willem Mengelberg | Part of the "Mahler circle." A Dutch conductor responsible for bringing and stabilizing Mahler's music to The Netherlands. Became Music Director of the NY Philharmonic | |
| 135195976 | Songs of a Wayfarer | Lieder eines fahrenden Gesellen (English translation) | |
| 135195977 | The Youth's Magic Horn | Des Knaben Wunderhorn (English translation) | |
| 135195978 | Mahler | - A 19th century Austro-German conductor/composer - In his lifetime his status as a conductor was not questioned, but it was only after his death that his compositions became well known, due in part to a ban on performing his compositions in Europe during the Nazi era. - Incorporated progressive tonality and the concept of maximalization in his compositions. Because of this, his music could be termed as weltanschauungsmusik. - Went to the Vienna Conservatory for theory, composition and conducting. - Conducted operas, composed symphonies | |
| 135195979 | Reverie | - No real melody - Variations above repetitive chord progressions - Piece is about the embellishment of a basic harmony - Half step voice leading over circle of fifths - Piano solo composed by Richard Strauss | |
| 135195980 | Salome | - One act opera with five scenes - Premiered in Dresden in 1905 - Grotesque material - Large instrumentation/orchestra - Decadent (Large amounts of money required to produce the opera) - Half-step voice leading predominant in this work - Operas influenced by Wagner - "Futuristic" harmonic language - Half-step chord changes replace standard I-IV-V-I progressions - Focus on symmetrical division of the octave (tritone, whole tone scale, diminished seventh chords) - Uses different keys as a tonal center, and each key represents different characters | |
| 135195981 | 1905 | Salome premiered in Dresden in this year: _____ | |
| 135195982 | Dresden | Salome premiered in this city in 1905: _____ | |
| 135195983 | Wagner | Strauss's operas were influenced by _____ | |
| 135195984 | Half-step | _____ voice leading and chord progressions (replacing standard I-IV-V-I progressions) are prevalent in the two operas Elektra and Salome by Strauss. | |
| 135195985 | symmetrical division | Strauss used the tritone, whole tone scale, and diminished seventh chords to create a _____ _____ of the octave which is found in Salome, but most prevalent in Elektra. | |
| 135195986 | keys | In Salome, Strauss uses different _____ to represent the characters. | |
| 135195987 | melody | Reverie, composed by Strauss, has no real _____ | |
| 135195988 | Strauss | Reverie was composed by _____ | |
| 135195989 | Strauss | This German composer illustrated decadence in composing: _____ | |
| 135195990 | Strauss | Salome and Elektra were composed by: _____ | |
| 135195991 | Strauss | The works of this composer were so decadent, that theaters started refusing to play his pieces. | |
| 135195992 | Reverie | A piano solo composed by Richard Strauss: _____ | |
| 135195993 | Salome | An opera with grotesque elements that uses different tonal centers to represent different characters. | |
| 135195994 | Austrian | Mahler's nationality is _____ | |
| 135195995 | German | Strauss's nationality is _____ | |
| 135195996 | voice piano | Lieder aus Des Knaben Wunderhorn is a collection of songs for _____ and _____ based on German folk poems | |
| 135195997 | song cycle | Lieder eines fahrenden Gesellen is Mahler's first _____ _____ | |
| 135195998 | The Song of the Earth | Das Lied von der Erde (English translation) | |
| 135289184 | Oscar Wilde | _____ _____ wrote the French play Salomé, which Strauss based the libretto of his own opera with the same name, Salome, off of. | |
| 135289185 | Dance of the Seven Veils | - Basically a strip dance by Salome - A dance to incestuously entice King Herod into agreeing to behead John the Baptist | |
| 135289186 | Elektra | - An opera - Plot based upon a Greek tragedy of the same same - Extreme maximalism - Libretto by Hugo von Hofmannsthal - Premiered in Dresden in 1909 - Large and unusual orchestra | |
| 135289187 | Hugo von Hofmannstahl | - A poet and librettist, among other things - Wrote the libretti for two of Strauss's operas: Elektra and Der Rosenkavalier - Born the same year as Schoenberg - Met Strauss in 1900 - Collaborated with Strauss a total of 6 times - Even though Strauss was 10 years older, he still thought of this guy as a mentor | |
| 135289188 | Greek | Elektra's plot is based upon a _____ tragedy | |
| 135289189 | 1909 Dresden | Elektra premiered in the year _____ in the city of _____ | |
| 135289190 | Strauss | Elektra was composed by _____ | |
| 135289191 | Hugo von Hofmannstahl | _____ _____ _____ collaborated with Strauss on a total of 6 operas | |
| 135289192 | 1900 | Strauss met Hugo von Hofmannstahl in the year _____ | |
| 135289193 | Der Rosenkavalier | - A comic opera - Three acts - Libretto by Hugo von Hofmannsthal - Romantic comedy - Premiered in Dresden in 1911 | |
| 135289194 | Der Rosenkavalier | This opera, _____ _____, has three acts and was written by Strauss. | |
| 135289195 | 1911 | Der Rosenkavalier premiered in Dresden in the year _____ | |
| 135289196 | Elektra chord | The _____ _____ is what Strauss used to represent the title character of his opera Elektra - Bitonal synthesis of E major and C-sharp major - It could be called a polychord | |
| 135289197 | Tondichtung | - German word for tone poem - Orchestral piece - This style was premiered by Liszt - Strauss and Liszt both composed many of these kinds of pieces | |
| 135289198 | Elektra chord | The polychord of E major and C# major could be referred to as the _____ _____ | |
| 135289199 | Also sprach Zarathustra | - A tone poem - Orchestral - Based on Nietzsche's treatise of the same name - Music used in the 1968 film, "2001: A Space Odyssey" | |
| 135289200 | Tone poem | Tondichtung (English translation) | |
| 135289201 | Thus Spoke Zarathustra | Also sprach Zarathustra (English translation) | |
| 135289202 | tone poem | Also sprach Zarathustra is a _____ _____ | |
| 135289203 | Strauss | - A 19th century agnostic German conductor/composer. - Follower of Nietzsche - He incorporated half-step progressions rather then "normal" I-V-I progressions. - Known for "decadent" music - Conducted symphonies, composed operas | |
| 135289204 | Strauss | _____ was known for composing decadent music | |
| 135426720 | C Minor | Mahler's 2nd Symphony is in the key of _____ _____ | |
| 135426721 | Resurrection | The nickname given to Mahler's 2nd symphony is _____ | |
| 135426722 | F# Major | Mahler's 10th Symphony is in the key of _____ _____ | |
| 136188045 | Verklarte Nacht 4 | _____ _____, Op. _____ - Tone poem - "Transfigured Night" - String Sextet - Followed narrative poem by R. Dehmel (leading "decadent") - Rejected by the Vienna Musicians club due to "compositional error" (in actuality, they didn't like the dissonance, OR the subject matter.) | |
| 136188046 | Verklarte Nacht 4 | A tone poem composed by Arnold Schoenberg is: _____ _____, Op. _____ | |
| 136188047 | 6 | Verklarte Nacht, Op. 4, a tone poem by Schoenberg has _____ string instruments | |
| 136188048 | rejected | Verklarte Nacht, Op. 4 was _____ by the Vienna Musicians club due to the dissonance. | |
| 136188049 | Transfigured Night | Verklarte Nacht (English translation) | |
| 136188050 | atonal | Schoenberg's String Quartet No. 2 in F# Minor, Op. 10 is freely _____ | |
| 136188051 | Erwartung 17 | _____, Op. _____ by Schoenberg - Atonal triads - Mini opera - Crazy woman who may or may not have killed her lover in the forest - Musically ends unresolved | |
| 136188052 | unresolved | Erwartung, Op. 17 has a musically _____ ending | |
| 136188053 | Erwartung Schoenberg | The mini opera, _____, about a crazy woman and her lover in the forest was composed by _____ | |
| 136188054 | atonal | Erwartung contains several not tonal, but _____ triads | |
| 136188055 | Verklarte Nacht 4 | A piece by Schoenberg containing 6 string instruments: _____ _____, Op. _____ | |
| 136188056 | Sechs kleine Klavierstucke 19 | _____ _____ _____, Op. _____ - Six little piano pieces - Very atonal | |
| 136188057 | Sechs kleine Klavierstucke 19 piano | _____ _____ _____, Op. _____ is a set of pieces written for _____ by Schoenberg that sound very atonal | |
| 136188058 | Pierrot lunaire 21 | _____ _____, Op. _____ - Atonal, but does not use 12-tone technique - Foreshadows 12 tone technique - A melodrama - Setting of 21 poems for voice and instruments | |
| 136188059 | Pierrot lunaire 21 | _____ _____, Op. _____ foreshadows Schoenberg's 12-tone technique | |
| 136188060 | poems | Pierrot lunaire, Op. 21 is a musical setting of 21 _____ | |
| 136188061 | Pierrot lunaire | Schoenberg believed in numerology, so his _____ _____, Op. 21 is a setting of 21 poems | |
| 136188062 | Harmonielehre | - Harmony textbook (by Schoenberg) for regular theory - ending chapters begin discussing PANtonality, which is the inference of all 12 keys being the tonic; pantonality = 12 tone composition - Also discussed emancipation of dissonance, fluctuating and suspended tonality | |
| 136188063 | Harmonielehre | _____ is a harmony textbook that discusses the 12-tone technique | |
| 136188064 | Schoenberg | Harmonielehre was written by _____ | |
| 136188065 | Emancipation of dissonance | _____ _____ _____ - We no longer need justification for voice leading - Kills concept of traditional chord function | |
| 136188066 | Fluctuating tonality | _____ _____ - A key that is suggested but never fully established through a cadence | |
| 136188067 | Suspended tonality | _____ _____ - No key is set (usually cycles through lots of keys) - Uses motivic consistency to remain coherent | |
| 136188068 | chord function | Schoenberg's 'Emancipation of dissonance' eradicates the concept of traditional _____ _____ | |
| 136188069 | Grundgestalt | _____ - The basic shape of a piece - The phrase that contains the essential material - The phrase that everything in the piece can be derived from - ESCHBEG, Schoenberg's name written in the music using the German notations, serves as a Grundgestalt in many of his and Berg's pieces | |
| 136188070 | ESCHBEG | Schoenberg's name written in German notation, used as a Grundgestalt in many of his pieces: _____ | |
| 136188071 | Grundgestalt | The phrase that contains the primal motifs of a piece is called the _____ | |
| 136188072 | suspended tonality | A piece in which no key is set is using _____ _____ | |
| 136188073 | fluctuating tonality | A piece in which a key is suggested, but never confirmed is using _____ _____ | |
| 136188074 | voice leading | Schoenberg's 'Emancipation of dissonance' tells us that we no longer need justification for _____ _____ | |
| 136188075 | Atonal triad | _____ _____ - Combo of P4 and tritone, stacking them will eventually use all 12 pitches | |
| 136188076 | Schoenberg | The atonal triad was invented by _____ | |
| 136188077 | tritones | The atonal triad is a combination of P4s and _____ | |
| 136188078 | Sprechgesang | - An expressionist vocal technique between singing and speaking - Importance on contour rather than pitch accuracy - Talk-singing | |
| 136188079 | Schoenberg | - Financially and musically supported by Strauss and Mahler most of his life - Mostly self taught - Taught at UCLA - 1908, depression due to wife leaving him and their two kids for a painter (she returned, the painter killed himself)... this changed his style drastically to atonal, but not yet 12-tone | |
| 136188080 | Strauss | Schoenberg was financially supported by Mahler and _____ for most of his life | |
| 136188081 | UCLA | Schoenberg taught at _____ | |
| 136188082 | 1908 atonal | Schoenberg was depressed in the year _____ because his wife left him. This caused him to start composing _____ music, but not yet 12-tone music. | |
| 136188083 | self taught | Schoenberg did not have very much formal education, so he was mostly _____ _____ | |
| 136196898 | Fagott | - Bassoon (German) | |
| 136196899 | Posaunen | Trombone (German) | |
| 136196900 | Becken | Cymbal (German) | |
| 136196901 | Grosse Trommel | Large drum (German) | |
| 136196902 | Pauke | Timpani (German) | |
| 136196903 | Harfe | - Harp (German) | |
| 136196904 | Bratsche | - Viola (German) | |
| 136196905 | Bassoon | Fagott (English) | |
| 136196906 | Trombone | Posaunen (English) | |
| 136196907 | Cymbal | Becken (English) | |
| 136196908 | Large drum | Grosse Trommel (English) | |
| 136196909 | Timpani | Pauke (English) | |
| 136196910 | Harp | Harfe (English) | |
| 136196911 | Viola | Bratsche (English) | |
| 136196912 | gestopft | - Term applied to hand-stopping on a horn, affecting pitch and tone quality | |
| 136196913 | Schalltrichter in die Hohe | - Used in the music of Mahler and other composers, where they want the horn players to lift the bells of their instruments into the air (not just "off the leg") | |
| 136196914 | Altenberg-Lieder | - Composed by Alban Berg - A set of five songs for medium voice and orchestra - The texts deal with the stormy but beautiful condition of the soul, and the palpable sensations of love and longing. - Uses 12 note chords | |
| 136196915 | Wassily Kandinsky | _____ _____ - Russian painter/Expressionist - Friend of Schoenberg - Painted Der Blaue Reiter | |
| 136196916 | Expressionism | - Full of contradictions - "Spur of the moment," but still used traditional formal types (fugue, passacaglia [variation form where theme is in bass], sonata etc...) - incorporated superstitions, numerology, palindromes - represented the inner occurrences of psychoanalysis | |
| 136196917 | psychoanalysis | Expressionism represented the inner occurrences of _____ | |
| 136196918 | Expressionism | _____ incorporated superstitions, numerology, and palindromes | |
| 136196919 | Der Blaue Reiter | Expressionist movement; based off of a painting shown in class by Wassily Kandinsky - Abstract style of painting - Painting, by Wassily Kandinsky - Name of the Expressionist movement - Name of the Expressionist journal | |
| 136196920 | Ferruccio Busoni | - Italian pianist and composer who lived in Germany - Wrote Sketch of a New Aesthetic of Music, basically predicting that in the future we would separate the octave into more than 12 degrees | |
| 136196921 | octave | The Sketch of a New Aesthetic of Music predicted that we would separate the _____ into more degrees than it currently has | |
| 136196922 | Busoni | Sketch of a New Aesthetic of Music was written by _____ | |
| 136196923 | Italian Germany | Ferruccio Busoni's nationality was _____, and he lived in _____ | |
| 136196924 | Der Blaue Reiter | _____ _____ _____ was an Expressionist movement heralded by Wassily Kandinsky | |
| 136196925 | abstract | Der Blaue Reiter promoted an _____ style of painting | |
| 136196926 | Wozzeck | _____ - An opera in three acts composed by Alban Berg - Five scenes in each act, so its structure is 3x5 - Based on the incomplete drama Woyzeck by Büchner - Very twisted: cycle of teasing leads Wozzeck to kill his wife, his son is teased b/c his mom is dead; hence the cycle continues - Each act based off of a musical form (I. character pieces. II. sonata. III. inventions) | |
| 136196927 | Altenberg-Lieder | The _____ by Alban Berg, is a collection of songs that show his experimentation with 12 note chords | |
| 136196928 | Wozzeck Buchner | _____ was based on the incomplete drama Woyzeck by _____ | |
| 136196929 | Buchner | _____ wrote the unfinished drama that Wozzeck was based on | |
| 136196930 | Wozzeck | _____ The title character kills his wife, his son is teased since his mom is dead; then the cycle continues!!! o_O | |
| 136196931 | Wozzeck | Each one of the three acts in the work _____ is based off of a musical form. | |
| 136196932 | character piece | The musical form for Act I of Wozzeck is the _____ | |
| 136196933 | sonata | The musical form for Act II of Wozzeck is the _____ | |
| 136196934 | invention | The musical form for Act III of Wozzeck is the _____ | |
| 136196935 | Alexander Zemlinsky | _____ _____ - An Austrian composer/conductor - He gave Schoenberg lessons in counterpoint - Brother of Schoenberg's wife | |
| 136196936 | Zemlinsky | The only formal teacher that Schoenberg had was named _____ | |
| 136196937 | Alexander Zemlinsky | Schoenberg's brother-in-law was named _____ _____ | |
| 136196938 | Berg | - Not Jewish, but music was very decadent - Stayed in Vienna his whole life - Grew up wealthy - Flunked 6th and 7th grade - Studied with Schoenberg whilst being treated like a servant - Expressionist | |
| 136196939 | Vienna | Alban Berg remained in _____ for his whole life | |
| 136196940 | Berg | _____ grew up with lots of money | |
| 136196941 | Berg | _____ flunked the sixth and seventh grades | |
| 136196942 | Alban Berg | _____ _____ was an Expressionist composer that studied with Schoenberg | |
| 136196943 | Berg | _____'s music was quite decadent although he was not Jewish | |
| 136196944 | Berg | _____ followed the French more than the German tradition | |
| 136196945 | illegitimate child | Berg had an _____ _____ at age 17 | |
| 136196946 | Berg | _____ was a snotty kid that slept around | |
| 136196947 | Berg | _____ did not begin to compose until he was 15 |
