HAP - human anatomy and physiology
EHS
chapter 8 in human anatomy
Terms : Hide Images
| 1033503780 | joints | holds bones together but permits movement. between 2 bones, cartilage and bone, or teeth and bones | |
| 1033503781 | ligaments | connects bone to bone | |
| 1033503782 | tendons | connects muscle to bone | |
| 1033503783 | arthrology | the study of joints | |
| 1033503784 | kinesiology | the study of motion | |
| 1033503785 | synarthrosis | immovable joints | |
| 1033503786 | amphiarthrosis | slightly movable joint | |
| 1033503787 | diarthrosis | freely movable joints | |
| 1033503788 | functional classification | ______________ of joints is based upon movement | |
| 1033503789 | structural classification | ____________________ of joints is based upon the material (that holds) the bones together and whether there is a joint cavity | |
| 1033503790 | fibrous | bones joined by fibrous tissue, no joint cavity | |
| 1033503791 | cartilaginous | bones united by cartilage, no joint cavity | |
| 1033503792 | synovial | bones are separated by fluid filled cavity | |
| 1033503793 | sutures | site where syndesmoses join together | |
| 1033503794 | synchondrosis | made of cartilage that is non movable | |
| 1033503795 | syndesmoses | membrane bones joined by fibrous connective tissue | |
| 1033503796 | symphysis | somewhat flexible pubic joint | |
| 1033503797 | synovial joints | also known as movable diarthrosis joints | |
| 1033503798 | articular cartilage | made of a continuous piece of hyaline cartilage (reduces friction and absorbs shock) | |
| 1033503799 | articular capsule | made of connective tissue and is continuous with the periostium (surrounds joint) | |
| 1033503800 | synovial membrane | inner lining of capsule (secretes synovial fluid containing hyaluronic acid [slippery]) | |
| 1033503801 | bursa | fluid-filled sac-like extensions of the joint capsule. reduces friction between moving structures | |
| 1033503802 | bursitis | chronic inflammation of a bursa caused by excessive friction or bacterial infection | |
| 1033503803 | types of diarthrosis | planar, hinge, pivot, condyloid, saddle, ball and socket (6) | |
| 1033503804 | planar joints | bone surfaces are flat or slightly curved side to side movement only | |
| 1033503805 | hinge joints | convex surface of one bone fits into concave surface of 2nd bone movements produced in one direction | |
| 1033503806 | anterior cruciate | _____________ ______________ ligament A C L | |
| 1033503807 | posterior cruciate | ______________ ________________ ligament P C L | |
| 1033503808 | medial collateral | ____________ ______________ ligament M C L | |
| 1033503809 | lateral collateral | _________________ __________________ ligament L C L | |
| 1033503810 | pivot joint | rounded surface of bone articulates with ring formed by 2nd bone and ligament allows rotation around longitudinal axis | |
| 1033503811 | condyloid joint | oval-shaped projection fits into hollow oval cavity all movement except axial rotation | |
| 1033503812 | saddle joint | one bone saddle shaped; other bone fits as a person would sitting in that saddle moves like condyloid | |
| 1033503813 | ball and socket joint | ball fitting into a cuplike depression any type of movement (MULTIAXIAL) | |
| 1033503814 | flexoin | decreasing the joint angle | |
| 1033503815 | extension | increasing the joint angle | |
| 1033503816 | hyperextension | opening the joint beyond the anatomical position | |
| 1033503817 | abduction | moving a part away from the midline of the body | |
| 1033503818 | adduction | moving a part towards the midline of the body | |
| 1033503819 | circumduction | movement of a distal end of a body part in a circle combination of extension, adduction, and abduction occurs at ball and socket, saddle, and condyloid joints | |
| 1033503820 | rotation | bone revolves around its longitudinal acis medial rotation is turning of anterior surface towards the midline lateral rotation is turning of anterior surface away from the midline at ball and socket and pivot type joints | |
| 1033503821 | elevation | raising a body part upward | |
| 1033503822 | depression | lowering a body part | |
| 1033503823 | protraction | moving a body part foreward | |
| 1033503824 | retraction | moving a body part backward | |
| 1033503825 | inversion | turning the foot so the plantar surface faces medially | |
| 1033503826 | eversion | turning the foot so the plantar surface faces laterally | |
| 1033503827 | plantarflexion | movement at the ankle that brings the foot farther from the shin (toes) | |
| 1033503828 | dorsiflexion | movement at the ankle that brings the foot closer to the shin (heels) | |
| 1033503829 | supination | turning the hand so that the palm is upward or facing anteriorly | |
| 1033503830 | pronation | turning the hand so that the palm is downward or facing posteriorly | |
| 1033503831 | sprain | an injury to the ligaments around a joint | |
| 1033503832 | rice | treatment of a sprain rest ice compression elevation brace | |
| 1033503833 | dislocation | sudden impact causes bones at a joint to not connect | |
| 1033503834 | arthritis | inflammation of one or more joints pain swelling limited moblilty | |
| 1033503835 | rheumatoid arthritis | autoimmune disorder cartilage attacked synovial membrane thickens forming a pannus | |
| 1033503836 | osteoarthritis | degenerative joint disease | |
| 1033503837 | gouty arthritis | uric acid build up in joints causing pain bones fuse | |
| 1033503838 | bone spur | abnormal projection from a bone to due bone overgrowth in response to pressure or stress | |
| 1033503839 | heel spur | most common type of bone spur on the heel of the foot |
