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| 4055045195 | What are different lymphocytes | 1. CD4+ oval cell 2. CD8 Positive cytotoxic cell | 0 | |
| 4055045196 | How T- Cell recognize foreign antigen or pathogen | 1. Small fragment or small peptide of the pathogen presented on a protein molecule MHC |  | 1 |
| 4055045197 | What genetic region the protein molecule that present antigen to T- Cell are located in humans | 1. HLA or The major histocompatibility complex |  | 2 |
| 4055045198 | What genetic region the protein molecule that present antigen to T- Cell are located in Mice | 1. H-2 region or histocompatibility 2 |  | 3 |
| 4055045199 | How T cell and B cell differ in the way they recognize antigen | 1. The B cell can recognize in entire antigen or one that is soluble, T-cell can only recognize small antigen fragments which presented to it by the product of the protein molecule that present antigen | 4 | |
| 4055045200 | What type of molecule does the human major compatibility complex is comprise of | 1. The different class of molecule 2. Class 1 MHC molecule and class 2 | | 5 |
| 4055045201 | What is the class 1 MHC molecule referred to | 1. HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigens) 2. HLAB 3. HLAC 4. HLA Dr | | 6 |
| 4055045202 | What type of class molecule is HLA B and HLA C | 1. Class one | | 7 |
| 4055045203 | What type of class molecule is HLA Dr, HLA DQ a HLA DP | 2. Class two | | 8 |
| 4055045204 | What are the micel class one locus molecule | H2D H2L H2K |  | 9 |
| 4055045205 | What are the micel class two locus molecule | 1. IAO A 2. IAOE | | 10 |
| 4055045206 | How did they find the MHC molecules | 1. embreding mice and transplant tissue, between parent and progeny to see if there were rejection and if their were a gene that is responsible for that compatibility of the tissue or Histological compatibility | 11 | |
| 4055045207 | Does all mammal have MHC and | 1. Yes | 12 | |
| 4055045208 | where on the chromosome the gene for MHC found in human | 1. Short arm of chromosome 6 | 13 | |
| 4055045209 | How are the MHC molecule that one inherits from both parents are express | 1. They are co dominantly express on the surface of cells that have them or equal expression of both molecule that from both parents | 14 | |
| 4055045210 | How does diversity of HLA haplotype occur | 1. Segregation and recombination during breeding | 15 | |
| 4055045211 | what does recombination frequency depend on a HLA haplotype | 1. how far away on the chromosome are the locus are that encode the gene of the two |  | 16 |
| 4055045212 | How does a new HLA haplotype occur | 1. Recombination of maternal haplotype |  | 17 |
| 4055045213 | What are important feature of human MHC | 1 . there is polymorphism in the same loci/gene or different alleles in the same luci | 18 | |
| 4055045214 | What are the gene or luci for MHC | 1. HLA A HLA B, HLA C 2. HLA Dr, HLA DQ, HLA DP class 2 | | 19 |
| 4055045215 | What is unique of human gene for | 1. There are many alternative form of a specific gene at each luci or alternative alleles |  | 20 |
| 4055045216 | What MHC class i gene allele is most polymorphic | 1. HLA B is the most polymorphic 2. C is less polymorphic | 21 | |
| 4055045217 | What MHC class ii gene allele is most polymorphic and last | 1. HLA Dr is the most polymorphic 2. HLA DQ and DP are less | 22 | |
| 4055045218 | What letter in front of a HLA allele to identify is pertaining to HLA alleles | 1. W | 23 | |
| 4055045219 | What is the is the significant in having a lot of different allele for MHC class 1&2 or being poly morphage | 1. It is evolutionary advantage, the more polymorphic one MHC allele are there is a less chance some pathogen will not be able to be recognized by the immune system and be eliminated | 24 | |
| 4055045220 | Why is the negative aspect in human having MHC molecules gene being polymorphic | 1. Transplant rejection | 25 | |
| 4055045221 | Why is the HLA system differ then human blood | 1. There are only four alleles and they have dominance | 26 | |
| 4055045222 | What is the structure of the MHC class 1 | 1. Have a heavy alpha Heavy chain that is non covalently associated with a smaller chain which is invariant, call beta 2 microglobulin |  | 27 |
| 4055045223 | Where is the MHC class one Heavy alpha chain is coded | 1. The MHC region of the gene | | 28 |
| 4055045224 | What are the two region on the alpha chain in the the whole chain | 1. Alpha 1, 2, and 3 regions and a transmembrane segment with a small intracytoplasmic tail | | 29 |
| 4055045225 | What is in the Alpha 1 and Alpha 2 region | 1. Peptide-binding cleft | | 30 |
| 4055045226 | What is the peptide binding cleft | 1. this is where the peptide from the pathogen will be that was process from a antigen presenting cell and will be presented to a T-Cell | | 31 |
| 4055045227 | What alpha region is the binding region for CD8 cells | 1. Alpha 3 2. Recognize antigen that are presented in class 1 MHC molecules | | 32 |
| 4055045228 | What is the structure of the MHC class 2 | 1. It made of two chain with equal molecular weight and both are encoded in the MHC region, this is a Alpha and Beta chain | | 33 |
| 4055045229 | What make up the peptide binding cleft or the antigen binding pocket of the class ii molecules | 1. Alpha 1 and Beta one 2. Bind and Present the antigen fragments to T-Cells |  | 34 |
| 4055045230 | What T-Cell recognized foreign antigens peptide that are presented to it by a MHC class two molecules | 1. CD4 + |  | 35 |
| 4055045231 | What MHC class CD8+ T-Cells bind | 1. One |  | 36 |
| 4055045232 | What it mean that the beta 2 microglobulin chain is invariant in all the different class one molecules | 1. Its is the same rather it HLA B or C | 37 | |
| 4055045233 | What is the important function of of beta 2 microglobulin | 1. It critical for the expression of MHC class one molecule on the cell surface, | 38 | |
| 4055045234 | What occur to MHC class one molecule if there is a mutation in the beta 2 microglobulin gene | 1. They will not be express on the surface of the cells | 39 | |
| 4055045235 | Alpha 1 and 2 region hold the peptide | 1. Contain two helical coils that are on both side of the peptide binding and on the flow of the peptide binding cleft there are beta pleated sheet which makes up the floor of the binding pockets |  | 40 |
| 4055045236 | how is the MHC peptide binding cleft are different from class one and two | 1. Class one are more close at both end 2. Class two are a little more open a the two end |  | 41 |
| 4055045237 | What determine the size of the peptide bind to the peptide binding cleft of MHC class one or two | 1. Because class one and two differ at both end, since class one is more close at the two different ends so it only can bind small peptides vs class two that is open which can take bigger peptides | | 42 |
| 4055045238 | How can all the foreign virus that are presented to CD8+ cell by MHC class one molecule with many different peptides be presented if it only can bound 8 to 10 amino acid | 1. all class one molecule can bind many different peptide as long there is two important residues that have to be identical or share between the peptide that can bind to a given class one allele | 43 | |
| 4055045239 | What size of the peptide that will fit in a class one molecule | 1. 8 to 10 amino acid long | 44 | |
| 4055045240 | What size of the peptide that will fit in a class two molecule | 1. 13 to 18 | 45 | |
| 4055045241 | What is in anchoring residue | 1. These are two important amino acid sequence which allow a peptide to bind to MHC molecules 1. they can be identical or similar |  | 46 |
| 4055045242 | What are the two site in a MHC class one molecule where there is the anchor residues | 1. The second and ninth or the carboxyl terminal on the amino acid | | 47 |
| 4055045243 | What determine if a amino acid sequence can bind two where the location of a anchoring sequence would bind | 1. they can be identical or have a very similar amino acid between all the peptide that can possibly bind to a given MHC class one allele | | 48 |
| 4055045244 | How are are the anchoring residues of MHC class ii residues comparing class one | 1. The anchor residues class 2 are scattered throughout the peptide binding cleft so it not located only in two sites like class one 2. class 2 peptide can overhang at both end | | 49 |
| 4055045245 | How can MHC molecule bind to many peptides | 1. Anchor residues are the same | 50 | |
| 4055045246 | How are self peptide that are product of degradation processes which can bind to the MHC molecules | 1. they must have similar anchoring residues so that the can bind to a specific MHC molecule | 51 | |
| 4055045247 | since each MHC alleles can bind many different peptide how many peptide can be present in the peptide binding cleft | 1. One peptide | 52 | |
| 4055045248 | Since human get one copy of HLA gene from each parent how many molecule is made | 1. There at least hundred thousand on the surface of the cell that express them, so there are multiple copy of the same molecule on cell surface and they will be equally express | 53 | |
| 4055045249 | When a peptide is broken down in a antigen presenting cell that have MHC class one molecule, are all the MHC class one on it surface will have the same peptide | 1. Different peptide are going to be binding to the different MHC class one molecule that is presented | 54 | |
| 4055045250 | What usually fill the MHC class one and two peptide binding cleft and what occur doing a immune response | 1. self peptide 2. It will be bump out so a pathogenic peptide can replace it | 55 | |
| 4055045251 | Where is most variability for MHC class one molecules located and what significant is that | 1. Alpha one and Alpha two domain 2. Most of the difference in amino acids are going to be found one of the helical coils or the beta pleated sheets of the MHC molecules |  | 56 |
| 4055045252 | Where is most variability for MHC class two molecules located and what is the significance of that | 1. Beta 1 domain 2. Most of the difference in amino acids are going to be found one of the helical coils or the beta pleated sheets |  | 57 |
| 4055045253 | Where does CD4 and CD8 bind | 1. Alpha 3 and Beta two 2. This because there is no variability because the CD4 and CD8 will be the same | 58 | |
| 4055045254 | Why does Alpha 3 and Beta two have no variability | 1. Because the CD4 and CD8 cells will be the same so there won't be no variability in the site so that the can bind any where along the site | 59 | |
| 4055045255 | What can change the shape of the antigen binding pocket which allow different peptide to bind to it | 1. Difference in amino acids | 60 | |
| 4055045256 | What is MHC restriction | 1. T-Cell will only recognize a foreign antigen peptide when it is presented or associated with the host or self MHC molecule |  | 61 |
| 4055045257 | What is MHC restriction mean | 1. T-Cell are restricted to recognize foreign peptide antigen unless it is presented with the Host MHC molecule, this also restrict an immune response |  | 62 |
| 4055045258 | What must occur to activate immune response by a T cell | 1. It must be able to recognize self MHC molecule and foreign peptide |  | 63 |
| 4055045259 | Where does the diversity from the MHC if it only have 6 class one and six class ii allele from the many alleles | 1. Polymorphic | 64 | |
| 4055045260 | Where does the diversity from the T-Cell receptor are from | 1. Variable regions | 65 | |
| 4055045261 | What are MHC class one like genes | 1. HLA E, HLA F, HLA G, HLA F | 66 | |
| 4055045262 | What complement gene found on MHC class two genes | 1. Gene for the complement cascade | 67 | |
| 4055045263 | What are located in the Tap 2 region of MHC class two genes | 1. Transporter associated protein | 68 | |
| 4055045264 | What is the function Transporter associated protein | 1. These are protein that are involved in antigen processing, they are responsible to transport process peptides from the ER to the surface of the cell | 69 | |
| 4055045265 | What cytokine gene are on the MHC class two genes which important in immune response | 1. TNF alpha and Beta |  | 70 |
| 4055045266 | What are the class one molecule or protein in human | 1. HLA A, B, C | 71 | |
| 4055045267 | Why are MHC molecule or HLA are considered antigenic | 1. They can produce an immune response in a foreign body | 72 | |
| 4055045268 | What is the class one molecule(MHC) for mice | 1. H-2 K, D, L | 73 | |
| 4055045269 | Where the MHC class one HLA A, B, C are found in humans | 1. All nucleated cells and platelets which are not nucleated | 74 | |
| 4055045270 | What does HLA stand for | 1. Human leukocyte antigens | 75 | |
| 4055045271 | Which cell in the body MHC or HLA class one are not express but are express in mice | 1. Red blood cells or erythrocytes | 76 | |
| 4055045272 | What are the class two molecule or protein in human | 1. HLA Dr, DQ, DP 2. they are more differentiated molecules | 77 | |
| 4055045273 | What is the class two molecule(MHC) for mice | H2, I-A & I-E | 78 | |
| 4055045274 | What cell are class two molecule are preferably express | 1. Antigen presenting cells | 79 | |
| 4055045275 | What cell contain MCH class two | 1. B-Cells 2. Macrophage 3. Dendritic Cells | 80 | |
| 4055045276 | What T-Cell will one see MHC class two molecule | 1. Activated T-Cells | 81 | |
| 4055045277 | what MHC molecule does B cells epress | 1. Class one & two | 82 | |
| 4055045278 | What MHC molecule a resting T cell express | 1. Class one | 83 | |
| 4055045279 | What do cell that express class two also express | 1. Class one MHC molecule | 84 | |
| 4055045280 | What region on a T cell receptor that is associated with the binding of MHC | 1. CDR regions **light blue** |  | 85 |
| 4055045281 | What region on the T Cell receptor CDR region is critical in binding to the MHC molecule | 1. 1b and 2B | 86 | |
| 4055045282 | How can a resting cell produce a class two MHC molecule on it surface | 1. During a immune response in antigen presenting cell will present the peptide on it MHC molecule to a CD4 positive T-cell, upon the recognition of MHC peptide complex by the T-Cell 2. This cause the T-Cell to produce the cytokine and interferon IFN-Gamma 3. Also NK cell are also producing IFN-Gamma 4. This up regulate the expression of MHC class 2 molecules on APC and T cells | 87 | |
| 4055045283 | What cytokine or interferon up regulate the expression of MHC class 2 molecule on Antigen presenting cells(APCs) and T-Cell | 1. INF-Gamma 2. To clear the pathogen, Because there are more peptide that will available and more T-Cell which will proliferate | 88 | |
| 4055045284 | What are superantigen | They are bacterial antigen that bind to the T-Cell receptor beta chain without being process and presented by a APC causing the T cell to be activated | 89 | |
| 4055045285 | What does superantigen cause T- Cell | 1. They cause them to replicate and produce a lot of cytokine createting a Toxic shock | 90 | |
| 4055045286 | What is the criteria for a T-Cell to activate a immune response | 1. Recognize self MHC and a foreign antigenic peptide | 91 | |
| 4055045287 | What are foreign MHC called or MHC that are from the same species but are genetic not similar because from the different member of the call species | 1. allogeneic | 92 | |
| 4055045288 | How can a T-Cell recognize a allogeneic MHC | 1. Donor 2. blood transfusion 3. pregnancy because the fetus is a semi allogeneic graft.mother/Pops | 93 | |
| 4055045289 | How do a T-Cell recognize a allogeneic MHC | 1. The allogeneic MHC structure have a very similar structure like the self MHC, causing the T-Cell receptor to recognize allogeneic MHC and the peptide as being self MHC and peptide | 94 | |
| 4055045290 | What occur to a animal that have a MHC that is not polymorphic | 1. they are more likely to get affected by a specific pathogen | 95 | |
| 4055045291 | Why is the type MHC allele one have can be use for paternity test | 1. Because MHC allele are from parents | 96 | |
| 4055045292 | What class two HLA alleles associate with the risk of getting Rheumatoid Arthritis | 1. DR4 | 97 | |
| 4055045293 | What HLA alleles associate with the risk of getting type of Rheumatoid Arthritis called ankylosing spondylitis | 1. B27 | 98 | |
| 4055045294 | What class two HLA alleles associate with the risk of getting insulin dependent diabetes and when the risk is higher | 1. DR3, DR4, 2. One that have DR3 and DR4 | 99 | |
| 4055045295 | What determine organ rejection | 1. Number of miss match MHC allele class one & two between donor and recipient. | 100 | |
| 4055045296 | How to determine one HLA allele | 1. Using specific antibody to the specific HLA allele which will bind to it creating a complement which going to lyse the antibody and antigen interaction which make the cell leak for dye | 101 | |
| 4055045297 | How to measure the ability of one cell to recognize foreign MHC in organ donor process | 1. Creating a Mix lymphocyte Culture |  | 102 |
| 4055045298 | How is a mix lymphocyte culture is done | 1. This is done by irrading a cell, which inhibit proliferate, mix it with a cell that have a similar MHC, if the other person cell don't recognize the MHC molecule they will proliferate, if they do they want | | 103 |
| 4055045299 | How are the HLA like molecule that are present of the HLA gene differ from regular HLA | 1. Structurally and function | 104 | |
| 4055045300 | Where does the HLA like molecule is express | 1. Maternal and fetal interface, modulate there interaction 2. Protect the fetus and not polymorphic | 105 | |
| 4055045301 | What does HLA F do | 1. Inhibit NK cells | 106 | |
| 4055045302 | How does the HLA like molecule, E, F, G are like class one | 1. The have B2 microglobulin | 107 |
