Freshman World History India Unit MICDSh
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| 220631992 | Indus river valley civilization | civilization from 2600 BC-1900 BC; entire Indian subcontinent-peninsula; possibly had twin capitals called Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro; well organized government | |
| 220631994 | Harrappa | a larger ancient city of the Indus civilization, located in present day Pakistan | |
| 220631996 | Mohenjo-Daro | Indus Valley city laid out in a grid pattern. Had a complex irrigation and sewer system., One of the first settlements in India | |
| 220631998 | Vedic Age | the period in the history of India when the sacred Vedic Sanskrit texts such as the Vedas were composed. | |
| 220632000 | Aryan Migration | The coming of Aryans marks the beginning of a historic period in India. Between the decline of Harappan civilization | |
| 220632003 | Rig-Veda (Vedas) | Any of the oldest and most authoritative Hindu sacred texts, composed in Sanskrit and gathered into four collections. | |
| 220632005 | Upanishads | Any of a group of philosophical treatises contributing to the theology of ancient Hinduism, elaborating on the earlier Vedas. | |
| 220632007 | Mahabharata | one of the two Sanskrit epics of Ancient India. It is the longest epic poem in the world. It is translated as "Great India" and is primarily about wars | |
| 220632009 | Ramayana | one of two classical Hindu epics telling of the banishment of Rama from his kingdom and the abduction of his wife by a demon and Rama's restoration to the throne | |
| 220632012 | Bhagavad-Gita | (Hinduism) the sacred 'song of God' composed about 200 BC and incorporated into the Mahabharata (a Sanskrit epic) | |
| 220632014 | Hinduism | a body of religious and philosophical beliefs and cultural practices native to India and characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme beingof many forms and natures, by the view that opposing theories are aspects of one eternal truth, and by a | |
| 220632016 | Brahman | a member of the highest, or priestly, class among the Hindus.h | |
| 220632018 | Atman | individual soul | |
| 220632021 | Moksha | The Hindu concept of the spirit's 'liberation' from the endless cycle of rebirths. | |
| 220632023 | Karma | (Hinduism and Buddhism) the effects of a person's actions that determine his destiny in his next incarnation | |
| 220632025 | Dharma | in Hinduism, the duties and obligations of each caste | |
| 220632026 | Ahimsa | a Buddhist and Hindu and especially Jainist doctrine holding that all forms of life are sacred and urging the avoidance of violence | |
| 220632027 | Reincarnation | in Hinduism and Buddhism, the process by which a soul is reborn continuously until it achieves perfect understanding | |
| 220632028 | Caste system | System in India that gives every Indian a particular place in the social hierarchy from birth. Individuals may improve the position they inherit in the caste system in their next life through their actions, or karma. After many lives of good karma, they may be relieved from cycle of life and win their place in heaven. | |
| 220632029 | Jainism | A religion that branched off from Hinduism and was founded by Mahavira; its belief is that everything has a soul, and its purpose was to cleanse the soul. Some were extreme aesthetics. | |
| 220843630 | Buddhism | the teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth | |
| 220843631 | Siddhartha Gautama | founder of Buddism; born a prince; left his father's wealth to find the cause of human suffering; also know as Buddha | |
| 220843632 | Four Noble Truths | 1) All life is full of suffering, pain, and sorrow. 2) The cause of suffering is nonvirtue, or negative deeds and mindsets such as hated and desire. 3) The only cure for suffering is to overcome nonvirture. 4) The way to overcome nonvirtue is to follow the Eightfold Path | |
| 220898024 | Eightfold Path | In Buddhism, the basic rules of behavior and belief leading to an end of suffering | |
| 220898025 | Nirvana | any place of complete bliss and delight and peace | |
| 220898026 | Mauryan Empire | The first state to unify most of the Indian subcontinent. It was founded by Chandragupta Maurya in 324 B.C.E. and survived until 184 B.C.E. From its capital at Pataliputra in the Ganges Valley it grew wealthy from taxes. (184) | |
| 220898027 | Chandragupta | the founder of the Maurya Empire. Chandragupta succeeded in bringing together most of the Indian subcontinent. As a result, Chandragupta is considered the first unifier of India and the first genuine emperor of India. | |
| 220898028 | Asoka | The grandson of Chandragupta who also was a leader of the Mauryan Empire. He converted to Buddhism from Hinduism and tolerated other religions other then Buddhism when he was the leader. He is the most honored leader of the Mauryan Empire and controlled a very successful civilization. | |
| 220898029 | Gupta Empire | Golden Age of India; ruled through central government but allowed village power; restored Hinduism | |
| 220898030 | Golden Age | when chandragupta and asoka were emperor | |
| 220898031 | Delhi Sultanate | founded after Muhammad of Ghor captured Delhi in 1192; lasted from 1206 AD to 1526 AD; the first Muslim empire in India; fell to Mughal conquest | |
| 220898032 | Sikhism | Indian religion founded by the guru Nanak (1469-1539) in the Punjab region of northwest India. After the Mughal emperor ordered the beheading of the ninth guru in 1675, Sikh warriors mounted armed resistance to Mughal rule. (p. 538) | |
| 220898033 | Mughal Empire | an Islamic imperial power that ruled a large portion of Indian subcontinent which began in 1526, invaded and ruled most of Hindustan (South Asia) by the late 17th and early 18th centuries, and ended in the mid-19th century. | |
| 220898034 | Akbar the Great | (1542-1605) Emperor of the Mughal Empire in India. He is considered to be their greatest ruler. He is responsible for the expansion of his empire, the stability his administration gave to it, and the increasing of trade and cultural diffusion. | |
| 220898035 | Taj Mahal | beautiful mausoleum at Agra built by the Mogul emperor Shah Jahan (completed in 1649) in memory of his favorite wife one of the most powerful women in Indian history |
