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Izzy's AP Psych Ch 18

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The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another
The theory that we tend to give a causal explanation for someone's behavior, often by crediting either the situation or the person's disposition
The tendency for observers, when analyzing another's behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition
A belief and feeling that predisposes one to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events
The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request
The theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent
Adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard
Influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval
Influence resulting from one's willingness to accept others' opinions about reality
Improved perfrmance of tasks in the presence of others
The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable
The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occuring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity
The enhancement of a group's prevailing attitudes through discussion within the group
The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives
An unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members
A generalized belief about a group of people
"Us" - people with whom one shares a common identity
"Them" - those perceived as different or part from one's ingroup
The tendency to favor one's own group
The theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame
The tendency of people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get
Any physical act or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy
The principle that frustration - the blocking of an attempt to achieve some goal - creates anger, which can generate aggression
A perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas
A situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing their self-interests, become caught in mutually destructive behavior
The phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them
An aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship
The deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom are lives are intertwined
A condition in which people receive from a relationship in proportion to what they give to it
Revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others
Unselfish regard for the welfare of others
The tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present
The theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs
Shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation
Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension-Reduction - a startegy designed to decrease international tensions

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