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K. Scanlon- Unit 1

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84218723Human GeographyOne of the two major divisions of geography; the spatial analysis of human population, their cultures, activities, and landscapes
84218724Physical GeographyA branch of geography dealing with the outside physical features, and changes of the earth; can also be called natural geography, because it not only deals with mountains, glaciers, coastlines, and climates, but also soils, plants, and animals
84218725Absolute Locationexact location of a place on the earth described by global coordinates
84218726Relative LocationThe regional position or situation of a place relative to the position of other places.
84218727Spatial PerspectiveIs a geographers point of veiw looks at where somithing is and why it is there
84218728MapA two-dimensional or flat-scale model of Earth's surface, or a portion of it.
84218729Mental Mapan internal representation of a portion of Earth's surface based on what an individual knows about a place, containing personal impressions of what is in a place and where places are located
84218730Distribution(statistics) an arrangement of values of a variable showing their observed or theoretical frequency of occurrence
84218731Patterna model considered worthy of imitation
84218732Formal (uniform) RegionA region composed of areas that have common cultural or physical features.
84218733Functional (nodal) regionGroup of places linked together by some function's influence on them after diffusing from a central node.
84218734Perceptual (vernacular) regionRegion whose boundaries are determined by people's beliefs, not a scientifically measurable process.
84218735Remote sensingTechnique of obtaining information about objects throught the study of data collected by special instruments that are not in physical contact with the objects being analyzed. (taken by airplains, balloons, ect.)
84218736Geographic Information System (GISs)New computer program that stores geographic data and produces maps to show data.
84218737Diffusionthe spatial spreading of dissemination of a culture element(such as technological innovation) or some other phenomenon(such as disease outbreak).
84218738Expanision DIffusionan innovation or idea develops in a source area and remains strong there while also spreading outward.
84218739Relocation Diffusionthe actual movement of individuals who have already adopted the idea of innovation, and who carry it to a new, perhaps distant, locale, where they proceed to disseminate it
84218740Acculturationdesignate the change that occurs in the culture of a less technologically advanced people when contact is make with a society that is more technolongically advanced.
84218741Assimilationthe process which people lose origianlly differentiating traits, such as dress, speech particularities or mannerisms, wen they come into contact with another society or culture.
84218742Tranculturationculture borrowing that occurs when differnet cultures of approximatly equal complexity and technological level come into close contact.
84218743Contagious diffusionthe distance- controlled spreading of an idea, innovation or some other item through a local population by contact form person to person
84218744Hierarchical diffusionthe main channel of diffustion is some segment of those who are susceptible to what is being diffused.
84218745Stimulus diffusionnot all ideas can be readily and directly adopted by a receiving population, some are simply too vague, for immediate adoption.
84218746Independent inventiona major invention that doesnt guarantee surely a momentous invention
84218747Environmental determinismthe view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over varous aspects of human life,cludes cultural development.
84218748Possibilismgeographic viewpoint that holds that the human decision making is the crucial factor in cultural development, not the environment.
84218749Culturethe sum total of the knowledge, attitudes, and habitual behavior pattens shared and transmitted by the members of a society.
84218750Cultural diffusionthe process of spreading and adoption of a cultural element form its place of origin across a wider area.
84218751cultural landscapethe forms and artifacts sequentially placed on the physical landscape by the activities of varous human occupants
84218752culture hearthhearland, source area, innovation center, place of origin of a major culture
84218753culture traita single element of normal practice in a culture such as the wearing of a turban
84218754culture complexa related set of culture traits, such as prevailing dress does and cooking and eating utensils
84218755culture realma cluster of regions in which related culture systems prevail
84218756culture regiona region within which common cultural chracterisitcs prevail
84218757culture systemthe grouping of certain complexes such as, ethnicity, language, religion and other cultural elements
84218758sequent occupancethe notion that successive societies leave thier cultural imprints ona place, each contributiong to the cumulative cultural landscape
84218759Folk culturecultural traits such as dress modes, dwellings, traditions, and institutions of usually small, traditional communities
84218760Popular Culturecultrual truats such as dress, diet, and musicthat identify and are part of today's changerable, urban-based, media-influencd society
84218761Commodificationthe process through which something is given monetary value(money value)

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