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| 211579986 | Characteristics of Chordates | Deuterostome coelomates. Have a notochord - a rod that extends the length of the body and serves as a flexible axis. Dorsal, hollow nerve cord. Example would be fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Birds and mammals are homeotherms (warm-blooded). | 0 | |
| 211579987 | Characteristics of Mammals | Mothers nourish babies with milk from mammary glands. Are homeotherms; have hair or fur. Placental mammals (humans) develop internally in a uterus connected to mother by a placenta. Marsupials (kangaroos) - "joey" completes its development in a pouch attached to mother's teats. Monotremes are egg laying mammals such as the duck billed platypus and the young derive nutrients from the egg yolk. | 1 | |
| 211579988 | Characteristics of Primates | Dexterous hands with opposable thumbs. Front facing eyes, set close together, that enhance face-to-face conversation and depth perception. Nurture young for long time. Nails replace claws. | 2 | |
| 211579989 | Classification of Human | Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Chordata, Class Mammalia, Order Primates, Family Hominidae, Genus Homo, Species sapiens. | 3 | |
| 211579990 | Coelom | has a true, fluid filed body cavity. Completely lined with mesoderm tissue. Provides space for elaborate organ systems, such as a transport system. Coelomates are divided into protosome and deuterostome. | 4 | |
| 211579991 | Acoelomate | triploblastic with solid bodies. No cavity between digestive tract and outer body wall. Includes platyhelminthes. | 5 | |
| 211579992 | Pseudocoelomate | the body cavity is only partly lined by mesoderm tissue. Includes nematodes (round worms). | 6 | |
| 211579993 | Protostome Coelomate | Has a true coelom-primitive. The first opening in the embryo becomes the mouth; the second opening becomes the anus. | 7 | |
| 211579994 | Deuterostome Coelomate | Has a true coelom-advanced. The first opening in embryo becomes the anus; the second opening becomes the mouth. | 8 | |
| 211579995 | Sponges - Porifera | No true tissues; cell layers are loose federation of cells with little specialization. Sessile. Filter nutrients. Choanocytes - (collar cells). Spicules - act as skeleton of the animal. Amoebocytes - involved in reproduction, carrying food to nonfeeding cells, and the formation of spicules. | 9 | |
| 211579996 | Cnidarians | Radial symmetry. Body plan is either polyp or medusa. Diploblastic. Gastrovascular cavity - site of extra cellular digestion. Stinging cells, cnidocytes that contain stingers called nematocytes. | 10 | |
| 211579997 | Bacteria, Archaea, Eukaryote Comparison | Bacteria-(No membrane-enclosed organelles, peptidoglycan in cell wall, no introns) Archaea-(No membrane-enclosed organelles, no peptidoglycan in cell wall, have introns) Eukaryotes-(Have membrane-enclosed organelles, no peptidoglycan in cell walls, have introns) | 11 | |
| 211579998 | Three Major Domains | Scientists have reclassified all organisms into 3 major domains- Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya, which are further subdivided into the familiar kingdoms, such as plants and animals. | 12 | |
| 211579999 | Germ Layers | (Ectoderm- forms skin and nervous system), (Endoderm- forms viscera and digestive system), (Mesoderm- forms blood and bones). Primitive animals lacking mesoderm are diploblastic. Advanced animals are triploblastic. | 13 | |
| 211580000 | Symmetry | Advanced animals show bilateral symmetry with development of a head region. Primitive animals, like cindarians, show radial symmetry, while sponges (Porifera) show no symmetry and are amorphous. | 14 | |
| 211580001 | Mollusca- squids, octopuses, slugs. Clams, and snails | Protostome coelomates. Soft body often protected by shell. Bilateral symmetry with head foot, visceral mass, and mantle. Radula-tooth bearing structure that acts like a tongue. Open circulatory system. Most have gills and nephridia. | 15 | |
| 211580002 | Arthropods- insects, crustaceans, and arachnids | protostome coelomates. Jointed appendages. Segmented with head, thorax, and abdomen. Chitinous skeleton. Open circulatory system. Malphigian tubules for removal of nitrogen waste. Ducts called trachea bring air into hemocoels. | 16 | |
| 211580003 | Echinoderms- Sea stars and sea urchins | Deuterostome coelomates. Most are sessile. Bilateral symmetry as an embryo; reverts to radial symmetry as adult. Reproduces by fragmentation and regeneration. Endoskeleton grows with animal. | 17 | |
| 211580004 | Fungi | Are heterotrophic eukaryotes that are extracellular and absorb nutrients by diffusion. | 18 | |
| 211580005 | Plants | are all autotrophic eukaryotes and are classified as tracheophytes and bryophytes. | 19 | |
| 211580006 | Animals | All are Heterotrophic, multicellular eukaryotes. There are 9 main phyla; Porifera, Cnidaria, platyhelminthes, nematoda, annelida, mollusca, arthropoda, echinodermata, and chordate. Reproduce sexually. | 20 | |
| 211580007 | Taxonomy | binomial system of classification. Every organism has a name consisting of two parts; genus and species. ex; homo sapiens = human. Ex; escherichia coli = bacteria that live in our intestines. Devised by Linnaeus. Comprises 5 kingdoms; Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plants, Animals. | 21 | |
| 211580008 | Monera | all are single-celled prokaryotes. Lack internal membranes; no nucleus, mitochondria, or chloroplast. Includes both anaerobic and aerobic organisms. Ex; bacteria, blue-green algae, viruses, and archaea (often included in a separate kingdom) | 22 | |
| 211580009 | Protista | all are eukaryotes. Includes widest variety of organisms because they cannot be classified anywhere else. Consist of single-celled and primitive multicelled organisms. Includes autorophs and heterotrophs. Mobility caries; cilia, flagella, or amoeboid movement. Ex; amoeba, paramecium, euglena. | 23 | |
| 211580010 | Platyhelminthes-Flatworms | Protostome. Acoelomate- trioloblastic with bilateral symmetry. Have an anterior and posteriar with sensory apparatus eyespots at head end. Extremely flat body shape places all cells close or in direct contact with environment. Most are parasitic. | 24 | |
| 211580011 | Nematodes-Roundworms | Exhibit bilateral symmetry. Pseudocoelom transports nutrients and body fluids, lacks a circulatory system. Pseudocoelom acts as hydrostatic skeleton to facilitate movement. Many are parasitic. Ex. Trichinella that causes trichinosis, acquired from uncooked pork. | 25 | |
| 211580012 | Annelida-Segmented worms | Protostome coelomates. Nephridia remove the nitrogenous waste, urea. Closed circulatory system, heart consists of 5 pairs of aortic arches. Diffusion of respiratory gases through moist skin. Blood carries hemoglobin and oxygen. Hermaphrodites, but anima does not self fertilize. | 26 |
