| 3894407957 | toponym | a place name, especially one derived from a topographical feature. | 0 | |
| 3894407958 | lingua franca | a language that is adopted as a common language between speakers whose native languages are different | 1 | |
| 3894407959 | dialect | a particular form of a language that is peculiar to a specific area | 2 | |
| 3894407960 | pidgin | a grammatically simplified form of a language, used for communication between people not sharing a common language | 3 | |
| 3894407961 | creole | a mother tongue formed from the contact of two languages through an earlier pidgin stage | 4 | |
| 3894407962 | grimm's law | 5 | ||
| 3894407963 | language family | a group of languages related through descent from a common ancestor | 6 | |
| 3894407964 | loan words | a word adopted from a donor language and incorporated into a recipient language without translation | 7 | |
| 3894407965 | dialect chains | a set of contiguous dialects in which the dialects nearest to each other at any place in the chain are most closely related | 8 | |
| 3894407966 | standard language | is a language variety used by a group of people in their public discourse | 9 | |
| 3894407967 | language divergence | new languages are formed when a language breaks into dialects | 10 | |
| 3894407968 | language convergence | languages form together into one | 11 | |
| 3894407969 | romance languages | languages (French, Spanish, Italian, Romanian, and Portuguese) that lie in the areas that were once controlled by the Roman Empire but were not subsecuently overwhelmed | 12 | |
| 3894407970 | Germanic languages | languages (English, German, Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish) that reflect the expansion of peoples out of Northern Europe to the west and south | 13 | |
| 3894407971 | Slavic languages | languages (Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Ukrainian, Slovenian, Serbo-Croatian, and Bulgarian) that developed as Slavic people migrated from a base in present-day Ukraine close to 2000 years ago | 14 |
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