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Learning Chapter 6 Flashcards

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687579113StimulusProduces a reaction or a response from a person or animal
687579114ResponseA bodily process occurring due to the effect of some foregoing stimulus or agent
687579115ConditioningA type of learning that involves stimulus- response connections
687579116Classical conditioningOne stimulus calls forth the response that calls forth another stimulus
687579117Unconditioned stimulusStimulus that causes a response that is automatic; response can not be learned
687579118Unconditional responseThe automatic response by instinct or nature
687579119Conditioned stimulusLearned stimulus through repeated association
687579120Conditioned responseLearned response to a stimulus that was previously meaningless or neutral
687579121ExtinctionConditioned stimulus is disconnected from the unconditioned stimulus, no reaction occurs
687579122Spontaneous recoveryDisplay responses that were extinguished earlier
687579123GeneralizationResponding to a stimuli that seems similar to the initial stimulus
687579124DiscriminationResponding differently to stimuli that are not similar
687579125FloodingExposed to a stimulus until fear responses to that stimulus disappear
687579126Systematic desensitizationPeople are relaxed and then expose to fearful stimulus gradually over time
687579127Taste aversionLearned avoidance of a particular food
687579128Operant conditioningLearn from the consequences of actions
687579129ReinforcementStimulus increases the chance of the preceding behavior happening again
687579130Primary reinforcerReinforcers that function due to the biological makeup of an organism
687579131Secondary reinforcerInitially acquire their value through being paired with established reinforcers
687579132Positive reinforcerIncrease the frequency of the behavior they follow when they are applied
687579133Negative reinforcerIncreases the frequency of the behavior that follows when they are removed
687579134Schedule of reinforcementWhen and how often the reinforcement occurs
687579135Continuous reinforcementReinforcement of a behavior every time the behavior occurs
687579136Partial reinforcementBehavior is not reinforced every time it occurs, behavior tends to last longer this way when reinforcement does not occur anymore
687579137ShapingA way of teaching complex behaviors in which one first reinforces small streps in the total activity
687579138Latent learningLearning that remains hidden until it is needed
687579139Observational learningAcquire knowledge and skills by observing and imitating others
687579140ChainingEach step of a sequence must be learned and must lead to the next until the final action is achieved

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