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| 5884914948 | MHC molecules are required to activated ______ cells in an adaptive immune response | T-Dependent cells - Any time you have T cells involved (T Helper Cells or CTL cells) | 0 | |
| 5884927705 | T/F: T cells can only recognize protein antigens when they are complexed to MHC molecules | True. Cannot have antigen recognition without antigen presentation by MHC cells | 1 | |
| 5884934432 | APCs present the antigen peptides/MHC to T cells via ____ receptors | TCR receptors on the T cell | 2 | |
| 5884941298 | What is one of the negatives of the MHC compatibility complex? | Responsible for graft/transplant rejection | 3 | |
| 5884954562 | How many allelles of the MHC genes are there? A) 3 B) 6 C) 50 D) 100 E) 1000+ | E) 1000+ Most polymorphic gene system in the body | 4 | |
| 5884960533 | T/F: It is very likely that 2 random individuals will possess matching MHC proteins | False, very unlikely | 5 | |
| 5884969398 | An individual has _____ MHC Class I genes and ____ MHC Class II genes | 6 class I, 6 class II 3 from mom, 3 from dad 12 in all | 6 | |
| 5884972610 | T/F: Children will be histocompatible with the parents | False | 7 | |
| 5884974316 | T/F: There is a 1/4 chance children will be histocompatible with their siblings | True | 8 | |
| 5884987310 | The MHC gene alleles expressed by an individual determine: A) The specific antigens that can be recognized by that person's B cells B) The specific antigens that can be recognized by that persons T cells C) The specific amino acid sequences that MHC molecules can recognize | B) The specific antigens that can be recognized by that persons T cells MHC molecules do not recognize specific sequences | 9 | |
| 5885002693 | Each MHC must be able to bind many different peptides, called _________ binding | Promiscuous **Does not look at sequence, looks at characteristic | 10 | |
| 5885010253 | T cells are MHC restricted, which means: | My T cells recognize MY MHC molecules Any other MHCs would be considered foreign | 11 | |
| 5885018057 | T cells are Class restricted, which means: | CD4+ recognize Class II CD8+ recognize Class I | 12 | |
| 5885036534 | How many classes of MHC genes are there? | 3 | 13 | |
| 5885039069 | T/F: Class III genes are involved in complement proteins and inflammatory response proteins | True | 14 | |
| 5885058097 | The Class I gene molecules for a human are written as: A) H-2K, H-2D, H-2L B) HLA-A#, HLA-B#, HLA-C# D) H-2IA, H-2IE E) HLA-DP, HLA-DQ, HLA-DR | B) HLA-A#, HLA-B#, HLA-C# | 15 | |
| 5885058884 | The Class II gene molecules for a human are written as: A) H-2K, H-2D, H-2L B) HLA-A#, HLA-B#, HLA-C# D) H-2IA, H-2IE E) HLA-DP, HLA-DQ, HLA-DR | E) HLA-DP, HLA-DQ, HLA-DR | 16 | |
| 5885082270 | MHC Class I molecules are expressed on: A) Only antigen presenting cells B) All nucleated cells C) Only macrophages D) Only dendritic cells | B) All nucleated cells Otherwise they will be killed by NK cells | 17 | |
| 5885088889 | MHC Class I molecules present antigens to: A) CD4+ T cells B) CD8+ T cells C) All T cells D) B cells | B) CD8+ T cells | 18 | |
| 5885102723 | The MHC Class I molecule consists of: A) Single alpha chain with 2 domains B) Single alpha chain with 3 domains C) Two beta chains with 2 domains D) One alpha and one beta chain E) Two alpha chains with 2 domains | B) Single alpha chain with 3 domains a1 a2 a3 |  | 19 |
| 5885113121 | Each alpha chain pairs with another non-MHC polypeptide called: A) Calnexin B) Properidin C) Tapasin D) B2-Microglobulin | D) B2-Microglobulin | | 20 |
| 5885115759 | T/F: B2-Microglobulin is polymorphous | False, all B2-Microglobulin are the same in all humans. It is invariant. | 21 | |
| 5885120410 | What is the role of B2-Microglobulin? | *Chaperone protein Stabilizes protein and traffics alpha chain to cell surface | 22 | |
| 5885124954 | Which domain anchors the MHC protein into the membrane? A) A1 B) A2 C) A3 | C) A3 | | 23 |
| 5885126473 | The peptide binds between binding groove is between which two domains? A) A1 and A2 B) A2 and A3 C) A3 and B2-Microglobulin D) A1 and A3 | A) A1 and A2 | | 24 |
| 5885142135 | The normal peptide length that is displayed is how many AA long? A) 2 B) 9 C) 25 D) 100 | B) ~9 AA long | 25 | |
| 5885148794 | T/F: Peptides longer than 9AA long can still bind as long as they are recognized by TCR | True. They simply "bulge out" but are still anchored by the ends | 26 | |
| 5885157786 | The MHC Class I molecules are pick about binding to amino acids at the (ends of molecule, center of molecule) | Ends of molecule | 27 | |
| 5885157787 | MHC Class I molecules prefer the anchor residues on the end to be either: A) Acidic and hydrophilic B) Acidic and hydrophobic C) Basic and hydrophobic D) Basic and hydrophilic | C) Basic and hydrophobic | 28 | |
| 5885199927 | Loading of the peptides on MHC Class I molecules occurs in the: A) Cytoplasm B) Nucleus C) Endoplasmic reticulum D) Golgi apparatus E) Phagosome | C) Endoplasmic reticulum ** Also translated and made in the Rough ER | 29 | |
| 5885201674 | If a peptide doesn't fit any of the 6 MHC I complexes, it is returned to the ____ For degradation A) Cytoplasm B) Nucleus C) Endoplasmic reticulum D) Golgi apparatus E) Phagosome | A) Cytoplasm | 30 | |
| 5885213144 | If a peptide is loaded, the peptide-MHC complex moves to the surface where it is displayed for _______ cells | CD8+ Cells or NK cells | 31 | |
| 5885219416 | Peptides displayed in MHC I molecules are derived from (endogenous, exogenous) pathways | Endogenous * Either intracellular pathogens made in cell (viruses, parasites) or host cell proteins (Self peptides displayed on surface to protect from NK cells) | 32 | |
| 5885225626 | Processing of antigens for the MHCI molecule occurs in the: A) Cytoplasm B) Nucleus C) Endoplasmic reticulum D) Golgi apparatus E) Phagosome | A) Cytoplasm | 33 | |
| 5885242409 | Processing of antigens for MHC 1 molecules occurs via the: | Proteasome (breaks up proteins into short peptides) | 34 | |
| 5885249230 | T/F: MHC molecules can discriminate between host peptides and foreign peptides | False, it is the CTL cell that recognizes the MHC peptide as self or antigen. | 35 | |
| 5885261331 | If a host cell becomes infected with intracellular pathogen, it begins to produce ______ A) IL-6 B) IFN-gamma C) CR1 D) Antibodies | B) IFN-gamma | 36 | |
| 5885279247 | What is the role of IFN-gamma produced by the host cell? | - Upregulates MHC locus genes to make more MHC molecules -Changes proteasome into immunoproteasome | 37 | |
| 5885295188 | How is the immunoproteasome different from the proteasome? A) Binds longer chains of amino acids B) Prefers different anchor protein characteristics C) Cleaves proteins differently D) Begins to process exogenous antigens | C) Cleaves proteins differently | 38 | |
| 5885286390 | The immunoproteasome cleaves proteins after _________ or _______ residues to make the peptides to be more likely to bind to Class I | Basic Hydrophobic | 39 | |
| 5885444353 | Peptides must be translocated from the ____ to the ___ for loading | From the cytoplasm to the ER | 40 | |
| 5885455448 | Which proteins move the peptides from the cytosol and the ER? A) Tapasin B) Calnexin C) B2-Microglobulin D)TAP1 and TAP2 E) Cathepsins | D) TAP1 and TAP2 Transported Associated w/ Antigen Processing | 41 | |
| 5885456580 | T/F: TAP1 and TAP2 require ATP | True | 42 | |
| 5885464397 | What would happen if TAP was defective? | You would be prone to viral infections since less peptides would be loaded and presented | 43 | |
| 5885502394 | Which protein stabilizes the a-chain-B2M dimer until it is loaded and prevents MHC I from prematurely exiting the ER? A) Tapasin B) Calnexin C) B2-Microglobulin D)TAP1 and TAP2 E) Properidin | B) Calnexin | 44 | |
| 5885506151 | Which protein increases efficiency of peptide loading by bringing it closer to TAP1 and TAP2? A) Tapasin B) Calnexin C) B2-Microglobulin D) Properidin E) Cathepsins | A) Tapasin | 45 | |
| 5885529908 | T/F: Pathogens that were engulfed by phagocytosis but escaped the phagosome can be processed by the proteasome | True ** Shigella and Lysteria | 46 | |
| 5885575520 | MHC Class II molecules are presented: A) On all nucleated cells B) Only on Antigen presenting cells C) Only on macrophages D) Only on B cells | B) Only on Antigen presenting cells | 47 | |
| 5885577712 | Class II peptides present antigen peptides to: A) CD4+ T cells B) CD8+ T cells C) All T cells D) B cells | A) CD4+ cells | 48 | |
| 5885582582 | The MHC Class II molecule consists of: A) Single alpha chain with 2 domains B) Single alpha chain with 3 domains C) Two beta chains with 2 domains D) One alpha and one beta chain with 2 domains E) Two alpha chains with 2 domains | D) One alpha and one beta chain with 2 domains |  | 49 |
| 5885601129 | The peptide binding groove is made up of which domains? A) A1 and A2 B) A1 and B1 C) A2 and B2 D) B1 and B2 | B) A1 and B1 | | 50 |
| 5885604315 | The polypeptides that anchor the MHC Class II to the cell surface is: A) A1 and A2 B) A1 and B1 C) A2 and B2 D) B1 and B2 | C) A2 and B2 | | 51 |
| 5885607447 | How many amino acids does the binding groove accomodate? A) 2 B) 9 C) 25 D) 100 | C) 25 Anywhere from 13-25 AA long | 52 | |
| 5885612860 | The anchor residues of the MHC Class II molecule are: A) Clustered t the ends B) Clustered in the center C) Spaced along the peptide | C) Spaced along the peptide | 53 | |
| 5885620614 | Peptide loading for the Class II MHC occurs in the: A) Cytoplasm B) Nucleus C) Endoplasmic reticulum D) Golgi apparatus E) Phagosome | E) Phagosome Occurs in the phagolysosome/vesicle in which the antigens were brought into the cell | 54 | |
| 5885625761 | Class II peptides are derived from (endogenous, exogenous) antigens | Exogenous | 55 | |
| 5885638628 | Processing of exogenous antigens occurs within the: A) Cytoplasm B) Nucleus C) Endoplasmic reticulum D) Golgi apparatus E) Phagosome | E) Phagosome/vesicle | 56 | |
| 5885640396 | After an antigen is internalized, the phagosome fuses with the; | Lysosome | 57 | |
| 5885645337 | What are the proteases within the lysosome that that break down the proteins into peptides? A) Tapasin B) Calnexin C) B2-Microglobulin D) Properidin E) Cathepsins | E) Cathepsins | 58 | |
| 5885650676 | What activates the cathepsins in the lysosome? A) Increased pH B) Decreased pH C) Increased temperature D) Increased osmotic pressure | B) Decreased pH by H+ ions pumping in | 59 | |
| 5885726150 | The Class II molecules are translated and synthesized in the: A) Cytoplasm B) Nucleus C) Endoplasmic reticulum D) Golgi apparatus E) Phagosome | C) Endoplasmic reticulum Same as Class I | 60 | |
| 5885732500 | The peptide binding cleft is occupied by the ____, which prevents endogenous peptides from binding to Class II in the ER | Invariant chain | 61 | |
| 5885763461 | Which is not a function of the invariant chain? A) Chaperone for proper protein folding B) Facilitate loading of peptides onto Class II MHC in the ER C) Prevent associated of Class II molecules with endogenous antigens D) Traffic Class II molecules to endosomal pathway | B) Facilitate loading of peptides onto Class II MHC in the ER Loading occurs in vesicles, not in ER | 62 | |
| 5885751799 | The Class II-Invariant chain enters the ______, and exits as a membrane-bound vesicle A) Cytoplasm B) Nucleus C) Endoplasmic reticulum D) Golgi apparatus E) Phagosome | D) Golgi apparatus | 63 | |
| 5885770880 | When the ClassII-Invariant chain exits as a vesicle, enzymes within the vesicle cleave the invariant chain to leave a small portion called the: | CLIP Class II Associated Invariant Peptide | 64 | |
| 5885787684 | Once the ClassII-CLIP fuses with phagolysosome, _______ removes the CLIP and helps peptide loading: A) HLA-DM B) HLA-DP C) Tapasin D) Calnexin E) HLA-DQ | A) HLA-DM ** Synonymous with Tapasin | 65 | |
| 5885823366 | Lipids, glycolipids and phospholipids can be presented to T cells by _____ molecules | CD1 receptors | 66 | |
| 5885825486 | CD1 molecules are similar in structure to (Class I, Class II) Molecules | Class I | 67 | |
| 5885827901 | The processing pathway is similar to (Class I, Class II) molecules | Class II | 68 | |
| 5885829001 | T/F: CD1 is polymorphic | False, nonpolymorphic Means the same in all humans | 69 | |
| 5885830908 | The binding cleft is very (hydrophilic, hydrophobic) | Hydrophobic | 70 |
