Mrs. Parmenter's Class
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| 201472343 | Ad hominem argument | From the Latin meaning "to or against the man," this is an argument that appeals to emotion rather than reason, to feeling rather than intellect | 0 | |
| 201472344 | Allegory | The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning; meaning usually deals with moral truth or a generalization about human existence | 1 | |
| 201472345 | Alliteration | The repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words; can reinforce meaning, unify ideas, and/or supply a musical sound | 2 | |
| 201472346 | Ambiguity | The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage | 3 | |
| 201472347 | Analogy | A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them; can explaion something unfamiliar by associating it with, or pointing out its similarity to, something more familiar; can make writing more vivid, imaginative, and intellectually engaging | 4 | |
| 201472348 | Antecedent | The word, phrase, or clause reffered to by a pronoun | 5 | |
| 201472349 | Antithesis | A figure of speech involving a seeming contradiction of ideas, words, clauses, or sentences within a balanced grammatical structure; resulting parallelism serves to emphasize opposition of ideas | 6 | |
| 201472350 | Aphorism | A terse statement of known authorship that expresses a general truth or moral principle; can be a memorable summation of the author's point | 7 | |
| 201472351 | Apostrophe | A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary or personified abstraction; may add familiarity or emotional intensity | 8 | |
| 201472352 | Atmosphere | The emotional mood created by the entirety of a literary work, established partly by the setting and partly by the author's choice of objects that are described; frequently foreshadows events | 9 | |
| 201472353 | Caricature | A representation, especially pictorial or literary, in which the subject's distinctive features or peculiarities are deliberately exaggerated to produce a comic or grotesque efect; can be so exaggerated that it becomes a grotesque imitation or misrepresentation | 10 | |
| 201472354 | Chiasmus | A figure of speech based on inverted parallelism; a rhetorical figure in which two clauses are related to each other through a reversal of terms; purpose is to make a larger point or to provide balance or order | 11 | |
| 201472355 | Clause | A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb | 12 | |
| 201472356 | Colloquialism | Slang or informality in speech or writing; gives work a conversational, familiar tone | 13 | |
| 201479331 | Conceit | A fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects; displays intellectual cleverness | 14 | |
| 201479332 | Connotation | The nonliteral, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning; may involve ideas, emotions, or attitudes | 15 | |
| 201479333 | Denotation | The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color | 16 | |
| 201479334 | Diction | The writer's word choice, especially with regard to their correctness, clearness, or effectiveness | 17 | |
| 201479335 | Didactic | Literally means "instructive." Primary aim is to teach or instruct, especially to teach moral or ethical principles | 18 | |
| 201479336 | Euphemism | "Good speech." More agreeable or less offensive substitute for generally unpleasant words or concepts | 19 | |
| 207715242 | Extended metaphor | A metaphor developed at great length, occuring frequently in or throughout a work | 20 | |
| 207715243 | Figurative language | Writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid | 21 | |
| 207715244 | Figure of speech | A device used to produce figurative language. Many compare dissimilar things. Include apostrophe, hyperbole, irony, metaphor, metonymy, oxymoron, paradox, personification, simile, synecdoche, and understatement. | 22 | |
| 207715245 | Generic conventions | Describes traditions for each genre; help to define each genre | 23 | |
| 207715246 | Genre | The major category into which a literary work fits; prose, poetry, drama | 24 | |
| 207715247 | Homily | Literally means "sermon," but more informally can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture having moral or spiritual advice | 25 | |
| 207715248 | Hyperbole | A figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement | 26 | |
| 207715249 | Imagery | Sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or respresent abstractions. Uses terms related to the five senses. | 27 | |
| 207715250 | Inference/infer | To draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented | 28 | |
| 207715251 | Invective | An emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language | 29 | |
| 207715252 | Irony/ironic | Contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant; what appears to be and what actually is true. 3 major types: verbal, situational, dramatic | 30 | |
| 207715253 | Juxtaposition | Placing dissimilar items, descriptions, or ideas close together or side by side, especially for comparison or contrast | 31 | |
| 207715254 | Loose sentence | The main idea (independent clause) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses; makes a work seem informal, relaxed, and conversational | 32 | |
| 207715255 | Metaphor | A figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for another | 33 | |
| 207715256 | Metonymy | Means "changed label" or "substitute name," a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it | 34 | |
| 207715257 | Mood | 1. Grammatical- deals with verbal units and a speaker's attitude (subjunctive, imperative) 2. Literary- the prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of a work, affected by setting, tone, and events | 35 | |
| 207715258 | Narrative | The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events | 36 | |
| 207715259 | Onomatopoeia | A figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words | 37 | |
| 207715260 | Oxymoron | Means "pointedly foolish," a figure of speech where the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox | 38 | |
| 207715261 | Paradox | A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense, but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity | 39 | |
| 207715262 | Parallelism | Meaning "beside one another," refers to grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity | 40 | |
| 207715263 | Parody | A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule | 41 | |
| 207715264 | Pedantic | An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish | 42 | |
| 207715265 | Periodic sentence | A sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end | 43 | |
| 207715266 | Personification | A figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions | 44 | |
| 207715267 | Point of view | The perspective from which a story is told; 1st, 3rd | 45 | |
| 207715268 | Predicate adjectives | An adjective, group of adjectives, or adjective clause that follows a linking verb | 46 | |
| 207715269 | Predicate nominative | A noun, group of nouns, or noun clause that renames the subject | 47 | |
| 207715270 | Prose | Fiction and nonfiction, most closely resemble every day speech | 48 | |
| 207715271 | Repetition | The duplication, either exact or approximate, of any element of language, such as sound, word, phrase, clause, sentence, or grammatical pattern | 49 | |
| 207715272 | Rhetoric | "Orator," describes tthe principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, persuasively | 50 | |
| 207715273 | Rhetoric appeal | Logos, ethos, pathos | 51 | |
| 207715274 | Rhetorical modes | Exposition, argumentation, description, narration | 52 | |
| 207715275 | Rhetorical question | Asked merely for effect, does not expect a reply, answer is assumed | 53 | |
| 207715276 | Sarcasm | "To tear flesh," involves bitter, caustic language meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something | 54 | |
| 207715278 | Satire | A work that targets human vices and follies, or social institutions and conventions, for reform or ridicule | 55 | |
| 207715280 | Simile | An explicit comparison, using "like" or "as" or "if" | 56 | |
| 207715282 | Style | The blend of diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices | 57 | |
| 207715283 | Subject complement | The word or clause that follows a linking verb and complements or completes the subject of the sentence by either renaming it or describing it | 58 | |
| 207715285 | Subordinate clause | This word group contains both a subject and a verb, cannot stand alone | 59 | |
| 207715287 | Syllogism | "Reckoning together," a deductive system of formal logic that presents "major" and "minor" premises that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion | 60 | |
| 207715289 | Symbol/symbolism | Anything that presents or stands for something else | 61 | |
| 207715291 | Syntax | The way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences | 62 | |
| 207715293 | Theme | The central idea or message of a work, the insight it offers into life | 63 | |
| 207715295 | Thesis | The sentence that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or proposition | 64 | |
| 207715297 | Tone | Describes the author's attitude toward his material, audience, or both | 65 | |
| 207715298 | Transition | A word or phrase that links different ideas | 66 | |
| 207715299 | Understatement | The ironic minimizing of fact, presents something as less significant than it is; litotes, meiosis | 67 | |
| 207715300 | Wit | Intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights | 68 | |
| 207715301 | Attitude | A writer's intellectual position or emotion regarding the subject of the writing | 69 | |
| 207715302 | Concrete detail | Details from the passage | 70 | |
| 207715303 | Descriptive details | The writer's sensory description | 71 | |
| 207715304 | Devices | The figures of speech, syntax, diction, and other stylistic elements that collectively produce a particular artistic effect | 72 | |
| 207715305 | Language | When you're asked to analyze this, concentrate on how diction, syntax, figurative language, and sentence structure create a cumulative effect | 73 | |
| 207715306 | Narrative devices | Describes the tools of the storyleller | 74 | |
| 207715307 | Narrative technique | The style of telling the story, even if the passage is nonfiction | 75 | |
| 207715308 | Persuasive devices | When asked to analyze this, look for the words in the passage that have strong connotations | 76 | |
| 207715309 | Persuasive esay | When asked to write this, present a coherent argument in which evidence builds to a logical and relevant conclusion | 77 | |
| 207715310 | Resources of language | All the devices of composition available to a writes | 78 | |
| 207715311 | Rhetorical features | How a passage is constructed- if asked to consider this, look at the passage's organization and how the writer combines images, details, or arguments to serve their purpose | 79 | |
| 207715312 | Sentence structure | When asked to analyze this, look at the type of sentences the author uses- simple, compound, complex, and variations created with sentence combining | 80 | |
| 207715313 | Stylistic devices | When an essay prompt mentions this, note and analyze all of the elements in language that contribute to style | 81 | |
| 208469516 | Logos | Appeals to logic | 82 | |
| 208469517 | Pathos | Appeals to emotions | 83 | |
| 208469518 | Ethos | Shows credibility of speaker | 84 |
