Terms : Hide Images
| 1284170440 | Aquaporins | A channel protein in the plasma membrane of a plant, animal, or microorganism cell that specifically facilitates osmosis, the diffusion of free water across the membrane. | 0 | |
| 1284170441 | concentration gradient | A region along which the density of a chemical substance increases or decreases. | 1 | |
| 1284170442 | cotransport | The coupling of the "downhill" diffusion of one substance to the "uphill" transport of another against its own concentration gradient. | 2 | |
| 1284170443 | diffusion | The spontaneous movement of a substance down its concentration or electrochemical gradient, from a region where it is more concentrated to a region where it is less concentrated. | 3 | |
| 1284170444 | electrochemical gradient | The diffusion gradient of an ion, which is affected by both the concentration difference of an ion across a membrane (a chemical force) and the ion's tendency to move relative to the membrane potential (an electrical force). | 4 | |
| 1284170445 | endocytosis | Cellular uptake of biological molecules and particulate matter via formation of vesicles from the plasma membrane. | 5 | |
| 1284170446 | exocytosis | The cellular secretion of biological molecules by the fusion of vesicles containing them with the plasma membrane. | 6 | |
| 1284170447 | electrogenic pump | An active transport protein that generates voltage across a membrane while pumping ions. | 7 | |
| 1284170448 | flaccid | Limp. Lacking turgor (stiffness or firmness), as in a plant cell in surroundings where there is a tendency for water to leave the cell. (A walled cell becomes flaccid if it has a higher water potential than its surroundings, resulting in the loss of water.) | 8 | |
| 1284170449 | glycoprotein | A protein with one or more covalently attached carbohydrates. | 9 | |
| 1284170450 | hypertonic | Referring to a solution that, when surrounding a cell, will cause the cell to lose water. | 10 | |
| 1284170451 | hypotonic | Referring to a solution that, when surrounding a cell, will cause the cell to take up water. | 11 | |
| 1284170452 | ion channel | A transmembrane protein channel that allows a specific ion to diffuse across the membrane down its concentration or electrochemical gradient. | 12 | |
| 1284170453 | membrane potential | The difference in electrical charge (voltage) across a cell's plasma membrane due to the differential distribution of ions. Membrane potential affects the activity of excitable cells and the transmembrane movement of all charged substances. | 13 | |
| 1284170454 | osmoregulation | Regulation of solute concentrations and water balance by a cell or organism. | 14 | |
| 1284170455 | plasmolysis | A phenomenon in walled cells in which the cytoplasm shrivels and the plasma membrane pulls away from the cell wall; occurs when the cell loses water to a hypertonic environment. I.e. elodea leaf in salt water. | 15 | |
| 1284170456 | selective permeability | A property of biological membranes that allows them to regulate the passage of substances across them. | 16 | |
| 1284170457 | sodium-potassium pump | A transport protein in the plasma membrane of animal cells that actively transports sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell. | 17 | |
| 1284170458 | turgid | Swollen or distended, as in plant cells. (A walled cell becomes turgid if it has a lower water potential than its surroundings, resulting in entry of water.) | 18 |
