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Metabolism & Enzymes - AP Biology Flashcards

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7868757960anabolicbuilding up0
7868759849catabolicbreaking down1
7868760392endergonicA chemical reaction that requires the input of energy in order to proceed.2
7868761872exergonicChemical reactions that release energy3
7868762772ATP-coupledEndergonic reaction that requires ATP to proceed (ie - building sucrose)4
7868768222First Law of ThermodynamicsEnergy is neither created nor destroyed, but may be converted from one form to another5
7868768898Second Law of ThermodynamicsThe entropy (disorder) of the universe (or system) tends to increase.6
7868771777Products are more complexin an endergonic reaction7
7868772382Products are less complexin an exergonic reaction8
7868774663Gibbs Free EnergyΔG = ΔH - TΔS9
7868775179free energyenergy that is available to do work10
7868776008entropyA measure of disorder or randomness.11
7868776009enthalpytotal energy12
7868778436enzymeA type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing13
7868779336activation energyEnergy needed to get a reaction started14
7868782842active siteRegion of an enzyme into which a particular substrate fits.15
7868784569feedback inhibitionprocess in which the product or result stops or limits the process16
7868785481competitive inhibitorcompetes with substrate for active site17
7868786101non-competitive inhibitoran inhibitor that binds to an enzyme at an allosteric site.18
7868787576allosteric inhibitiontwo active sites, one for a substrate and one for an inhibitor19
7868795394metabolismthe combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials20
7868798853open systemA system in which matter can enter from or escape to the surroundings.21
7868800995spontaneoushappens without an input of energy (exergonic)22
7868802398non-spontaneouscannot happen without energy input (endergonic)23
7868813123co-factorinorganic compound required for the proper functioning of an enzyme24
7868820879induced fit modelenzyme model where the substrate induces the enzyme to alter its shape slightly so it fits better25
7868823338allosteric activationoccurs when an "activator" binds with the enzyme and increases its turnover rate26
7868829705co-enzymea small molecule (not a protein but sometimes a vitamin) essential for the activity of some enzymes27
7868832254Best class in the worldAP Biology28
7868833165Mrs. Davis's BirthdayNovember 29th29

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