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| 48009691 | Geography | involves the evolving character and organization of the earth's surface | 0 | |
| 48009692 | Thomas Malthus | Food increases arithmetically; population increases exponentially; food will run out | 1 | |
| 48009693 | • World Population Distribution Where are the concentrations? | The Northern Hemisphere,coastal areas (larger land masses, better climates) | 2 | |
| 48009694 | • Where is the fastest growth occurring? Poorer countries of Africa and Asia; their cities are growing rapidly Why is this a problem? | Poverty, lack of infrastructure in the cities | 3 | |
| 48009695 | • Crude Birth Rate How are these rates reported? | xx births per 1000 | 4 | |
| 48009696 | Why is China's crude birth lower than ours? | Birth control; one-child policy; there's been a significant decrease in the birth rate the past 25 years. | 5 | |
| 48009697 | • Crude Death Rate How can the U.S.'s crude death be "high"? | We have a higher percentage of elderly in the population. | 6 | |
| 48009698 | What is the "rate of natural increase"? | birth rate - death rate /10 | 7 | |
| 48009699 | What is "net migration"? | immigration - emigration | 8 | |
| 48009700 | How else is population growth measured? | total fertility rate (per woman) | 9 | |
| 48009701 | Toponyms Place names | Think of place names that have Saint in the name | 10 | |
| 48009702 | Cultural ecology | This is the study that deals with the relationship between the earth and humans; the outcome of this relationship is the cultural ______landscape________(see book cover!) Another way to say it: Cultural ecology influences the cultural landscape, the landscape built by humans. | 11 | |
| 48009703 | Types of religious architecture | Jerusalem | 12 | |
| 48009704 | Gerrymandering | To benefit one group or political party in creating Congressional districts | 13 | |
| 48009705 | Exclave | Kaliningrad and West __Berlin___. | 14 | |
| 48009706 | Enclave | Vatican City, San Marino, Lesotho | 15 | |
| 48009707 | Latitude and longitude | These are angular distances measured either from the Equator or the Greenwich Prime Meridian.; they form the grid system. Former indicates latitude belts and climates; latter creates time zones every 15 degrees. | 16 | |
| 48009708 | Chain migration | Importance pull factor for migrants. | 17 | |
| 48009709 | Brain drain | Countries lose educated, talented emigrants (true for many Asian countries) | 18 | |
| 48009710 | Internal migration | Migration within a country | 19 | |
| 48009711 | Map projection and distortion | Happens when a round surface is made flat; distortion may be in size or shape of land forms, distance between land forms, or in direction. | 20 | |
| 48009712 | Map scale | Distance on the map represents distance on the ground proportionately. | 21 | |
| 48009713 | Carrying capacity | The resource base of an area supports a sustainable population. | 22 | |
| 48009714 | • Where are the cultural centers today for Hindus, Jews and Muslims? | India Israel N. Africa/SW Asia | 23 | |
| 48009715 | • What has been the significance of rivers in world history for early urban development | City-states began in fertile river valleys in Mesopotamia; in Europe earliest and largest cities began on rivers necessary for transportation. | 24 | |
| 48009716 | • Who were the major colonial powers in Africa? | Great Britain and France | 25 | |
| 48009717 | Folk culture | More isolated Popular culture Spread by diffusion | 26 | |
| 48009718 | • Population distribution in the U.S. Are we more urban or rural? | We are more urban/metropolitan. More urban since the 1920s; more suburban since the 1950s. | 27 | |
| 48009719 | However, why was it not until after World War II that suburbia started mushrooming? | Better transportation: GIs could get GI loans, boomer parents could buy cars, and gov. built freeways. | 28 | |
| 48009720 | Where is our core area? | Industrial: Great lakes to New England Political: Boston to Washington. Esp. Washington, D.C. and NYC | 29 | |
| 48009721 | Transnational Corporations | These corporations either export U.S. goods and services or import other countries' resources. Example: Coca-Cola/technology Example: coffee | 30 | |
| 48009722 | In what ways do transnational corporations "look out for themselves"? | They seek locations abroad where labor is cheap, laws are more lax. They may move locations of production often. | 31 | |
| 48009723 | were the early cultural hearths? | Places like Mesopotamia, China, India, Mexico | 32 | |
| 48009724 | Site | deals with a description relative to physical features--like near a harbor or mountain; | 33 | |
| 48009725 | ; situation | deals with a relative location--near by or close to some other place | 34 | |
| 48009726 | • In the cultural landscape, how can religion affect food production? | Religions may ban the eating of certain foods (Jews and Muslims don't eat pork; Hindus don't eat beef.) | 35 | |
| 48009727 | • In the cultural landscape, how can the environment affect housing types? | Pioneers had to use the resources at hand (logs, sod); housing designs reflected climate (Ex.: Salt-box roofs in New England; dog-trot house in the rural south). | 36 | |
| 48009728 | Nation-state definition and examples | An ethnostate. Ex.: Denmark, Israel, Japan. The Palestinians want to be a nation-state. | 37 | |
| 48009729 | What is a Formal region? | It has uniformity and shared characteristics; like citizenship | 38 | |
| 48009730 | What is a functional region? | It has a node or center. Ex. business territory | 39 | |
| 48009731 | What is a vernacular region? | It varies according to what the criteria is or who you ask. Ex: The Midwest | 40 | |
| 48009732 | • Clashes between groups: What are the causes? | Clashes may come because of religion, language or ethnicity; we saw may examples in Chapters 7 and 8. However, religion, language or ethnicity don't have to cause clashes--multi-ethnic states like the U.S. may prove so. | 41 | |
| 48009733 | What does the term "ethnonational" mean and why does this "up the ante"? | Clashes as described above are more likely to happen when one ethnic group claims political power over another or when one ethic group has lost political power and is resentful. Ex.: Palestinians; Hutus or Tutsis in Rwanda., Shias vs. Sunnis in Iraq. | 42 | |
| 48009734 | • What are the "parts" of language? | That is, family to __branch__, to _group__ to __language to_dialect_. Our family is Indo-European; our branch is Germanic; our group is West Germanic; our language is English. Is your dialect "Texan"? Most widely spoken family is Indo-European, but most widely single language is Mandarin Chinese. | 43 | |
| 48009735 | • What can population pyramids show? | High mortality at any given age; war; influx of guest workers; Boomer generation | 44 | |
| 48009736 | • Guest workers in the U.S., in Europe and elsewhere...where do they come from? | Latin Americans to U.S. N. Africans to France, Italy Turks to Germany Other Asians to Middle East Many, if not most, are men. | 45 | |
| 48009737 | • Sun Belt vs. Rust Belt | Climate, cost of living, loss of jobs due to closing factories. What are the political implications? After the census in 2000 and 2010, states in the south did gain and will gain electoral votes, and therefore, more Federal spending. | 46 | |
| 48009738 | time zones. | Every 15 degrees; initiated in 1883-84 for railroads in U.S. and better cable communication in Europe. Ironically China doesn't use International Time Zone system. | 47 | |
| 48009739 | Hierarchical | U.S. laws in Iraq. | 48 | |
| 48009740 | Contagious | Coca-Cola/McDonalds | 49 | |
| 48009741 | Stimulus | The Apple Mouse | 50 | |
| 48009742 | • Why is cultural extinction in places like the rainforest a problem? | Mankind may lose knowledge about the ecosystem and medicinal customs | 51 | |
| 48009743 | • Why does language extinction happen? | Usually by acculturation; take-over by a hierarchial groupGenocide and conquest were historical factors that have eliminated many ethnic languages Hierarchical examples: a language like English becomes the language of doing-business; a language like Swahili becomes dominant in sub-Saharan Africa. (These are called Lingua Franca.) | 52 | |
| 48009744 | • How do acculturation and assimilation differ? | Acculturation is cultural modification; a cultural group adopts the traits of a host or dominant group through borrowing. Assimilation implies that the minority group blends completely into the larger group. | 53 | |
| 48009745 | • What's the difference between a reference map and a thematic map? | We use reference maps usually for location purposes for place or region; a thematic map shows certain variables that may be located, compared, analyzed, etc | 54 | |
| 48009746 | Centripetal forces: | What brings people together into a nationality; examples--language, customs, history, etc. | 55 | |
| 48009747 | Centrifugal forces | : Forces that may lead to devolution (decentralizing) or Balkanization (breaking up) of a state. These may include ethnic differences, uneven development, proruption, allegiance to a substate over the national state (e.g., loyalty to the Confederacy by Southerners)), or even local control when national control is difficult because of distance decay. | 56 | |
| 48009748 | • Distance Decay...is also called "friction of distance" | When distance from a node or core region increases, efficiency or control decreases. | 57 | |
| 48009749 | Unitary state | Examples: Russia Central government has the power | 58 | |
| 48009750 | Federal state | Power is shared by Central government and its substate territorial units (state, county, etc) | 59 | |
| 48009751 | difference between colonialism and imperialism. | Colonialism involves benign rule by the mother country, but imperialism implies economic and political domination. | 60 | |
| 48009752 | What is "self-determination"? | A substate wants to rule itself Chechnya, now; Quebec, 1995 Palestinians, since 1948 | 61 | |
| 48009753 | Are there still forced migrations? | Yes, Africans because of tribal warfare. Sudan Yes, because of natural disasters. Cajun Diaspora | 62 | |
| 48009754 | • What are examples of the "parts" of world religions? | Branches, denominations, Sects | 63 | |
| 48009755 | • What's the difference between a universalizing religion and an ethnic religion? | Universalizing is not seeking any religious members, and there are diverse peoplethat are members. Ethnic is more like Jewish because your born into it and they dont seek people to be in it | 64 | |
| 48009756 | What is a census tract? | Used by the Census Bureau to canvas neighborhoods and collect data. | 65 | |
| 48009757 | What does the census have to do with politics? | Census data determines each state's representation in House of Representatives, determines number of electoral votes for president, and will impact amount of federal | 66 | |
| 48009758 | NAFTA and EU NAFTA | • Canada, U.S., Mexico. EU is 20+ European states | 67 | |
| 48009759 | OPEC and the World Trade Organization | OPEC is the Oil Producing Countries in Middle East + Venezuela; World Trade Organization is newer and aims to decrease world trade barriers. | 68 | |
| 48009760 | NATO and Warsaw Pact | The military alliances during the Cold War; West vs. East; democracies vs. Communist states. | 69 | |
| 48009761 | Prorupted | Thailand | 70 | |
| 48009762 | Compact | Ex. Poland | 71 | |
| 48009763 | Perforated | South Africa | 72 | |
| 48009764 | Elongated | Chile, italy | 73 | |
| 48009765 | Fragmented | Indonesia | 74 |
