Biology Miller and Levine 2010 Chapter 3 and 4 Vocabulary Words
Terms : Hide Images
| 83031654 | Biosphere | Consists of all life on Earth and all parts of the Earth in which life exists, including land, water, and the atmosphere | 0 | |
| 83031655 | Species | A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring | 1 | |
| 83031656 | Population | A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area | 2 | |
| 83031657 | Community | An assemblage of different populations that live together in a defined area | 3 | |
| 83031658 | Ecology | The scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their physical environment | 4 | |
| 83031659 | Ecosystem | All the organisms that live in a place, together with their physical environment | 5 | |
| 83031660 | Biome | A group of ecosystems that share similar climates and typical organisms | 6 | |
| 83031661 | Biotic Factor | Any living part of the environment with which organisms might interact, including animals, plants, mushrooms, and bacteria | 7 | |
| 83031662 | Abiotic Factor | Any nonliving part of the environment, such as sunlight, heat, precipitation, humidity, wind or water currents, soil type, and so on | 8 | |
| 83031663 | Autotroph | Plants that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and convert it into forms that living cells can use | 9 | |
| 83031664 | Primary Producers | The first producers of energy-rich compounds that are later used by other organisms | 10 | |
| 83031665 | Photosynthesis | Captures light energy and uses it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches | 11 | |
| 83031666 | Chemosynthesis | In which chemical energy is used to produce carbohydrates | 12 | |
| 83031667 | Heterotrophs | Must acquire energy from other organisms- by ingesting them one way or another | 13 | |
| 83031668 | Consumers | Organisms that rely on other organisms for energy and nutrients are called consumers | 14 | |
| 83031669 | Carnivores | Kill and eat other animals | 15 | |
| 83031670 | Herbivores | Obtain energy and nutrients by eating plant leaves, roots, seeds, or fruits | 16 | |
| 83031671 | Omnivores | Animals whose diets naturally include a variety of different foods that usually include both plants and animals | 17 | |
| 83031672 | Scavengers | Animals that consume the carcasses of other animals that have been killed by predators or have died of other causes | 18 | |
| 83031673 | Decomposers | Feed chemically by breaking down organic matter | 19 | |
| 83031674 | Detritivores | Feed on detrius particles, often chewing or grinding them into even smaller pieces | 20 | |
| 83031675 | Food Chain | A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten | 21 | |
| 83031676 | Phytoplankton | A mixture of floating algae that are primary producers | 22 | |
| 83031677 | Food Web | A network of feeding interactions | 23 | |
| 83031678 | Zooplankton | Swimming animals that feed on marine algae | 24 | |
| 83031679 | Trophic Level | Each step in a food chain or food web | 25 | |
| 83031680 | Ecological pyramids | Show the relative amount of energy or matter contained within each trophic level in a given food chain or food web | 26 | |
| 83031681 | Biomass | The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level | 27 | |
| 83031682 | Biogeochemical cycles | Elements that pass from one organism to another and among parts of the biosphere through closed loops | 28 | |
| 83031683 | Nutrients | The chemical substances that an organism needs to sustain life | 29 | |
| 83031684 | Nitrogen Fixation | When bacteria convert nitrogen gas into ammonia | 30 | |
| 83031685 | Denitrification | When bacteria obtain energy by converting nitrates into nitrogen gas, which is then released into the atmosphere | 31 | |
| 83031686 | Limiting Nutrient | The nutrient whose supply limits productivity | 32 | |
| 83031687 | Weather | Day-to-day conditions of the Earth's atmosphere | 33 | |
| 83031688 | Climate | Refers to average conditions over long periods | 34 | |
| 83031689 | Microclimate | Environmental conditions spreading of a small distance | 35 | |
| 83031690 | Greenhouse Effect | The function were greenhouse gases allow visible light to pass but traps heat | 36 | |
| 83031691 | Tolerance | The ability to survive and reproduce under a range of environmental circumstances | 37 | |
| 83031692 | Habitat | The general place where an organism lives | 38 | |
| 83031693 | Niche | Describes not only what an organism does, but also how it interacts with biotic and abiotic factors in the environment | 39 | |
| 83031694 | Resource | Refers to any necessity of life, such as water, nutrients, life, food, or space | 40 | |
| 83031695 | Competitive Exclusion Principle | States that no two species can occupy exactly the same niche in exactly the same habitat at exactly the same time | 41 | |
| 83031696 | Predation | An interaction in which one animal captures and feeds on another animal | 42 | |
| 83031697 | Herbivory | An interaction in which one animal feeds on producers | 43 | |
| 83031698 | Keystone Species | Changes in the population of a single species that causes dramatic changes in the structure of a community | 44 | |
| 83031699 | Symbiosis | Any relationship in which two species live closely together | 45 | |
| 83031700 | Mutualism | A kind of relationship between species in which both benefit | 46 | |
| 83031701 | Parasitism | Relationships in which one organism lives inside or on another organism and harms it | 47 | |
| 83031702 | Commensalism | A relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed | 48 | |
| 83031703 | Ecological Succession | A series of more-or-less predictable changes that occur in a community over time | 49 | |
| 83031704 | Primary Succession | Succession that begins in an area with no remnants of an older community | 50 | |
| 83031705 | Pioneer Species | The first species to colonize barren areas | 51 | |
| 83031706 | Secondary Succession | Where a disturbance affects the community without completely destroying it | 52 | |
| 83031707 | Canopy | 50 to 80 meters above the forest floor | 53 | |
| 83031708 | Understory | Located in the shade below the canopy where its populated with shorter trees and vines | 54 | |
| 83031709 | Decidious | A plant that sheds its leaves during a particular season | 55 | |
| 83031710 | Coniferous | Trees that produce seed-bearing cones, and most have leaves shaped like needles | 56 | |
| 83031711 | Humus | A material formed from decaying leaves and other organic matter | 57 | |
| 83031712 | Taiga | Dense forests of coniferous evergreens along the northern edge of the temperate zone | 58 | |
| 83031713 | Permafrost | A layer of permanently frozen subsoil | 59 |
