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modern chemistry chapter 11 Flashcards

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408162857Ideal Gas LawPV=nRT
408162858PPressure
408162859VVolume
408162860nMoles
408162861RConstant
408162862TTemperature
408162863Boyle's LawThe volume of a fixed mass of gas varies inversely with the pressure at constant temperature PV=K P1V1 = P2V2
408162864STP0 degrees C and 1 atm
408162865Charles's LawThe volume of a fixed mass of gas at constant pressure varies directly with Kelvin temperature V=kT V1 / T1 = V2 / T2
408162866Gay-Lussac's LawThe pressure of a fixed mass of gas at constant volume varies directly with the Kelvin temperature P=kT P1 / T1 = P2 / T2
408162867Combined Gas Lawexpresses the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature of a fixed amount of gas PV / T = k P1V1T2 = P2T2T1
408162868Gay-Lussac's Law of Combining Volumesat constant temperature and pressure, the volumes of gaseous reactants and products can be expressed as ratios of small whole numbers
408162869Avogadro's Lawequal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules V = kn V-volume k-constant n-amount of gas in moles
408162870Standard Molar Volume of a Gasthe volume occupied by one mole of a gas at STP =22.414 L
408162871Grahm's Law of Effusionthe rates of effustion of gases at the same temperature and pressure are inversely proportional to the square roots of their molar masses Rate of effusion of A / B = √Mb / √Ma
408162872Kinetic-Molecular Theoryparticles of matter are always in motion
408162873Ideal Gasa hypothetical gas that perfectly fits all the assumptions of the kinetic-molecular theory
408162874Elastic Collisiona collision in which there is no net loss of total kinetic energy
408162875diffusionspontaneous mixing of the particles of two substances caused by their random motion
408162876effusiona process by which gas particles pass though a tiny opening
408162877Real Gasa gas that does not behave completely according to the assumptions of the kinetic-molecular theory
408162878Millimeters of MercurymmHg 760 mmHg
408162879atmosphere pressure1 atm
408162880Kilopascal101.325kPa
408162881Dalton's law of partial pressuresthe total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of the component gases
408162882partial pressurethe pressure of each gas in a mixture

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