Taken from the book Modern Chemistry by Holt, Rinehart, and Winston on Chapters 4 and 5, which deals with electrons and the periodic table. Includes the chapter vocabulary and a few other useful things.
Terms : Hide Images
| A form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space (3.00x10⁸ m/s) | ||
| Combination of all the forms of electromagnetic radiation. | ||
| Distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves. Measure in some type of meters (m). | ||
| Number of waves that pass a given point in a specific time, usually one second. Measured in Hertz. | ||
| One wave per second. | ||
| Emission of electrons from a metal when light shines on a metal. | ||
| Minimum quantity of energy that can be lost or gained by an atom. | ||
| Particle of electromagnetic radiation having zero mass and carrying a quantum of energy. | ||
| Lowest energy state of an atom. | ||
| State in which an atom has a higher potential energy than it has in it's ground state. | ||
| States that it is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and velocity of an electron or any other particle. | ||
| Describes mathematically the wave properties of electrons and other very small particles. | ||
| A 3D region around the nucleus that indicates the probable location of an electron. | ||
| Specify the properties of atomic orbitals and the properties of electrons in orbitals. | ||
| Denotes the energy level (1, 2, 3, etc.) | ||
| The suborbitals of an atom. (S, P, D, F) | ||
| Which suborbital. (Py, Px, Pz) | ||
| Which way it spins. (up or down) | ||
| The arrangement of electrons in an atom | ||
| The Group 18 elements (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon) | ||
| An outer main energy level occupied, in most cases, by 8 electrons | ||
| Electrons fill from lowest energy to highest. | ||
| each orbital within a given sublevel gets one electron and then and only then can they have seconds. | ||
| within one orbital, one electron spins up and one spins down. | ||
| electrons travel in orbits (energy levels) | ||
| everything has a wavelength | ||
| made wave equation for deBroglie's statement (mass is relative to wavelength) | ||
| photoelectric effect | ||
| diffraction (bending of waves) and interference (combination of waves that either cancels out or strengthens the wave). | ||
| the light that something emits | ||
| individual to every substance; used to identify elements | ||
| electrons jumping from one energy level to another and then back | ||
| The physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers. | ||
| An arrangement of the elements in order of their atomic numbers so that the elements with similar properties fall in the same column or group. | ||
| The 14 elements with the atomic numbers 58-71. | ||
| The 14 elements with the atomic numbers 90-103. | ||
| The elements of group 1 of the periodic table. | ||
| The elements of group 2 of the periodic table. | ||
| The d-block elements are metals with typical metallic properties. | ||
| The p-block elements together with the s-block elements. | ||
| The elements of group 17 of the periodic table. | ||
| 1/2 the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded together. | ||
| An atom or group of bonded atoms that has a positive or negative charge. | ||
| Any process that results in the formation of an ion. | ||
| The energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom of an element. | ||
| The energy change that occurs when an electron is acquired by a neutral atom. | ||
| A positive ion. | ||
| A negative ion. | ||
| The electrons available to be lost, gained, or shared in the formation of chemical compounds. | ||
| A measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons from another atom in the compound. |
