Adapted from "The Earth and its Peoples: A Global History," 5th ed., Chapter 12
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| 292008736 | Mongols | a nomadic people of northern Eurasia | 0 | |
| 292008737 | Genghis Khan | the title of Temüjin when he ruled the Mongols; founder of the Mongol Empire | 1 | |
| 292008738 | nomadism | a way of life, forced by scarcity of resources, in which groups of people continually migrate to find pastures and water | 2 | |
| 292008739 | Yuan Empire | empire created in China and Siberia by Khubilai Khan | 3 | |
| 292008740 | bubonic plague | a bacterial disease of fleas that can be transmitted by flea bites to rodents and humans | 4 | |
| 292008741 | Il-Khan | a "secondary" or "peripheral" khan based in Persia | 5 | |
| 292008742 | Golden Horde | Mongol khanate founded by Genghis Khan's grandson, Batu; based in Southern Russia, quickly adapted Turkic language and Islam | 6 | |
| 292008743 | Timur | member of a prominent family of the Mongols' Jagadai Khanate; gained much control over Central Asia and Iran | 7 | |
| 292008744 | Rashid al-Din | adviser to the Il-Khan ruler Ghazan, who converted to Islam on Rashid's advice | 8 | |
| 292008745 | Nasir al-Din Tusi | Persian mathematician and cosmologist whose academy near Tabriz provided the model for the movement of the planets that helped to inspire the Copernican model of the solar system | 9 | |
| 292008746 | Alexander Nevskii | prince of Novgorod, 1236-1263. Submitted to invasion of Mongol hordes in 1240 and subsequently received recognition as the leader of the Russian princes under the Golden Horde | 10 | |
| 292008747 | tsar | from Latin "caesar," this Russian title for a monarch was first used in reference to a Russian ruler by Ivan III | 11 | |
| 292008748 | Ottoman Empire | Islamic state founded by Osman in northwestern Anatolia, ca. 1300. Based in Istanbul (formerly Constantinople) following fall of the Byzantine Empire. Encompassed lands in Asia Minor, North Africa, the Caucasus, and Eastern Europe | 12 | |
| 292008749 | Khubilai Khan | last of the Mongol Great Khans, founder of Yuan Empire | 13 | |
| 292008750 | lama | in Tibetan Buddhism, a teacher | 14 | |
| 292008751 | Beijing | China's northern capital, first used as an imperial capital in 906 and now the current capital of the People's Republic of China | 15 | |
| 292008752 | Ming Empire | empire based in China that Zhu Yuanzhang established after the overthrow of the Yuan Empire | 16 | |
| 292008753 | Yongle | the third emperor of the Ming Empire | 17 | |
| 292008754 | Zheng He | an imperial eunuch and Muslim, entrusted by the Ming emperor Yongle with a series of state voyages that took his gigantic ships through the Indian Ocean, from Southeast Asia to Africa | 18 | |
| 292008755 | Yi | the Yi dynasty ruled Korea from the fall of the Koryo kingdom to the colonization of Korea by Japan | 19 | |
| 292008756 | kamikaze | the "divine wind," which the Japanese credited with blowing Mongol invaders away from their shores in 1281 | 20 | |
| 292008757 | Ashikaga Shogunate | the second of Japan's military governments headed by a shogun (military ruler.) Sometimes also called the Muromachi Shogunate | 21 |
