The first 20 questions are true/false questions.
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| 7498770015 | The Neolithic Revolution was a period in which many human cultures transitioned from a lifestyle of hunting and gathering to one of agriculture and settlement. | True. | 0 | |
| 7498770016 | Situated on a flat and barren plateau in southeastern Turkey, archaeological evidence at Gobekli Tepe indicates that early-on the site had both religious-ceremonial and military importance for its builders. | False. | 1 | |
| 7498770017 | Based on class discussion, agriculture - as an outgrowth of domestication - appears to have been initiated on the Anatolian Plateau during the 10th Millennium BC. | True. | 2 | |
| 7498770018 | Jared Diamond argues that - of all other things being equal - the rate of human invention is faster, and the rate of cultural loss is slower, in those cultures that evolve in geographic isolation. | False. | 3 | |
| 7498770019 | Evolving Neolithic cultures began to modify their natural environment by means of specialized food-crop cultivation and to employ new food storage technologies which allowed extensive surplus food production. | True. | 4 | |
| 7498770020 | Encouraged by the localization of agricultural production, specialization within Neolithic societies will lead to a more apparent division of labor. | True. | 5 | |
| 7498770021 | Providing evidence of the first sedentary society during the Neolithic period, Gobekli Tepe became an important center of early trade in obsidian and salt. | False. | 6 | |
| 7498770022 | A basic premise posed by Jared Diamond is that disparity within our world today is largely due to different rates of development on different continents from 11,000 BC to 1500 AD. | True. | 7 | |
| 7498770023 | The various Neolithic sites discussed in class tend to indicate that, at least prior to the rise of civilization, Neolithic peoples around the globe were developing socially and technologically at the same rate. | False. | 8 | |
| 7498770024 | Perhaps due to their realization of the unique balance between themselves and their natural surroundings, both hunter-gatherers and early agricultural societies developed on animistic worldview in their attempts to understand the physical forces of nature. | True. | 9 | |
| 7498770025 | Because of the climate change, Ur and the people of the cave were forced to relocate and to rely increasingly upon sedentary agriculture. | False. | 10 | |
| 7498770026 | Having been acquired through the raiding of a distant clan, Ur's wife continued to impress upon him that a pastoral way of life was more beneficial than one based on agriculture. | False. | 11 | |
| 7498770027 | Although a disappointment to his father, Ur's son gained importance among the people of the cave through his specialization of point and tool making. | True. | 12 | |
| 7498770028 | In attempting to save their crop from the storm, Ur's wife and son became aware that the storm possessed a certain personality that could be mollified - thus, representing a beginning of a polytheistic/animistic mindset. | True. | 13 | |
| 7498770029 | With the taming of the wolf, Ur's daughter was used in the story to represent the growing importance of women as hunters. | False. | 14 | |
| 7498770030 | Ur's acceptance of 'the hunter' was used in the story to emphasize that leadership within a hunting and gathering clan was heredity - even if it meant the clan chief must adopt an outsider in order to have an acceptable heir. | False. | 15 | |
| 7498770031 | By the end of the story, the reader is left with the impression that sedentary agriculture required that the farmers live near their fields - thus, representing the foundations of future urban centers. | True. | 16 | |
| 7498770032 | For Ur, the cave represented stability and a sense of community; that is, the cave was a place where the clan members could gather in order to hear and applaud the exploits of the clan's hunters. | True. | 17 | |
| 7498770033 | When 'the hunter' killed the wild boar, Ur realized that now he could die in peace knowing that the future of the clan would be guided by a new and capable leader. | False. | 18 | |
| 7498770034 | The boar's tearing up of the crop planted by Ur's wife and son was used in the story as a means to convey the continual struggle of sedentary agriculturalists with the forces of nature. | True. | 19 | |
| 7503143471 | As early as 9400 BC _____ had grown into a town of at least 70 dwellings. It also featured a massive stone wall over 12 ft. High and 6 ft. Thick, with a stone tower in the center. | Neolithic Jericho. | 20 | |
| 7503201754 | From the positioning of over 190 bison occidentalis skeleton bones, the _____ site indicates a certain level of cooperation by several hunting and gathering bands in order to acquire food and other necessities. | Olsen-Chubbuck. | 21 | |
| 7503294718 | Some of the T-Shaped pillars at _____ have human arms carved on their lower half; suggesting that they were intended to represent the bodies of stylized humans - or perhaps gods. | Gobekli Tepe. | 22 | |
| 7503509988 | By the late _____ Age, human groups survived by combining hunting and fishing with the gathering of wild fruits, berries, grains, and roots. | Paleolithic. | 23 | |
| 7503509989 | Located in central North America, the _____ site provides insight into Neolithic culture as it existed in this region around 9000 to 7000 BC. | Olsen-Chubbuck. | 24 | |
| 7515087580 | Stone reliefs at _____ depict mammals such as lions, bulls, boars, foxes, and donkeys - as well as birds such as vultures - indicating an environment sustaining a variety of wildlife. | Gobekli Tepe. | 25 | |
| 7515087581 | Consuming a wide range of foods - e.g berries, various grains, peas, and a variety of nuts, the inhabitants of _____ also engaged in obsidian trade with places as distant and modern-day Syria and the Mediterranean region. | Catal Huyuk. | 26 | |
| 7515087582 | After temporary abandonment during the early 7th millennium BC. (ca. 7000 - 6800), _____ was re-established around 6800 BC. And was able to take advantage of an evolving east-west trade between Mesopotamia and the Mediterranean. | Neolithic Jericho. | 27 | |
| 7515087583 | It was during the _____ period that competition for resources began to develop between emerging pastoral and agricultural societies. | Neolithic. | 28 | |
| 7515087584 | On prominent theory states that Homo sapiens sapiens first emerged in a single core area in _____ and then migrated to other regions over prolonged periods of time. | East Africa. | 29 | |
| 7515087585 | Its ruler, considered to be both god and leader, acted as intermediary between the spiritual forces and the people of the land. | Egypt. | 30 | |
| 7515087586 | As a prosperous urban civilization, it had extensive trade relations with Mesopotamia. | Indus. | 31 | |
| 7515087587 | Considered by many as the first civilization to make use of the wheel - both in transportation and in manufacturing. | Mesopotamia. | 32 | |
| 7515087588 | The only civilization in the Americas to domesticate and use animals as beasts of burden as well as a food source. | Chavin. | 33 | |
| 7515087589 | As expressed in Hammurabi's code, it gave considerable attention to a merchant class and commercial law. | Mesopotamia. | 34 | |
| 7515087590 | The belief in a "mandate of Heaven" was used by a ruling family to legitimize its ability to rule. | China. | 35 | |
| 7515087591 | Its name means "rubber people" - name given to the region by the future Nahuatl-speaking Aztecs. | Olmec. | 36 | |
| 7515087592 | Its urban centers are representative of city-planning enforced by the presence of a strong, centralized government. | Indus. (Standardized bricks). | 37 | |
| 7515087593 | Its main highway flowed South to North, and for the most part provided a predictable and gentle annual flooding. | Egypt. | 38 | |
| 7515087594 | The concept of vertical archipelago allowed this civilization to thrive. | Chavin. | 39 | |
| 7515087595 | Its river valley civilization developed silk manufacturing and an emphasis on ancestor worship. | China. | 40 | |
| 7515087596 | It was politically more stable than its nearest counterpart, and expressed an optimistic outlook in its beliefs about the gods and the afterlife. | Egypt. | 41 | |
| 7515087597 | Its writing progressed from knotted ropes, to scratches on bone, to the invention of ideographic symbols. | China. | 42 | |
| 7515087598 | Considered to be the "Mother Culture" of all Mesoamerican civilizations. | Olmec. | 43 | |
| 7515087599 | Of all early civilizations, its engineering feats seem to have benefitted bot commoner and aristocrat alike. | Indus. | 44 | |
| 7515087600 | Cultural diffusion? | The spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another. | 45 | |
| 7515087601 | Vertical archipelago? | Vertical island; the term used to describe Andean agricultural economic model of accessing and distributing resources. | 46 | |
| 7515087602 | Division of labor? | Encouraged by localization of agricultural production. Specialization in Neolithic societies led to apparent examples of this; the assignment of different parts of a manufacturing process or task to different people in order to improve efficiency. | 47 | |
| 7515087603 | Social stratification? | Refers to a system by which a society ranks categories of people in a hierarchy; land = wealth = power. | 48 | |
| 7515087604 | Mass labor systems? | Slavery; evidence for government involvement, and social hierarchy (e.g. Covee labor). | 49 | |
| 7515087605 | Polytheism/animism? | Belief that all things have life, and there is more than one god. | 50 | |
| 7515087606 | Stateless societies? | A society not governed by a state; has no government. | 51 | |
| 7515087607 | Skara Brae? | A stone built Neolithic settlement; They had a style of pottery, and used Earth sheltering. | 52 | |
| 7515087608 | East-West Axis? | Areas that could have domesticated crops spread over it quickly. | 53 | |
| 7515087609 | North-South Axis? | Crops had specific areas the could thrive in and, in different parts of the are there were different crops. | 54 | |
| 7515087610 | Les talionis? | The law of retaliation, whereby a punishment resembles the offense committed in kind and degree. | 55 | |
| 7515087611 | Hammurabi? | The sixth king of the First Babylonian dynasty; famous for his code of laws. | 56 | |
| 7515087612 | Kush & Axum? | Ancient African Civilizations. | 57 | |
| 7515087613 | Vedas? | A large body of knowledge text originally from the ancient Indian subcontinent; the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature. | 58 | |
| 7515087614 | Mahabharata? | Religious text written in Sanskrit recounting the Kuruksetra war. | 59 | |
| 7515087615 | Ramayana? | An ancient Indian poem that narrates the struggle of the divine prince Rama to rescue his wife Sita from the demon. | 60 | |
| 7515087616 | Bhagavad Gita? | A 700 verse Hindu scripture written in Sanskrit that is part of the Mahabharata. | 61 | |
| 7515087617 | Upanishads? | A collection of ancient Sanskrit texts that contain some of the central philosophical concepts and ideas of Hinduism. | 62 | |
| 7515087618 | Cuneiform? | An ancient system of writing first developed by the ancient Sumerians of Mesopotamia. | 63 | |
| 7515087619 | Hieroglyphics? | Ancient Egyptian writing system using picture symbols for ideas or sounds. | 64 | |
| 7515087620 | Ideographic symbols? | China's writing system. Evolved from knotted ropes, to scratches on bone (Oracle bone), to the invention of this writing system. | 65 | |
| 7515087621 | Shang Dynasty? | The first Chinese dynasty. | 66 | |
| 7515087622 | Zhou Dynasty? | The Dynasty right after the Shang. | 67 | |
| 7515087623 | Mandate of Heaven? | The Zhou idea that there is only one legitimate ruler of China, and they were given the gods blessing to rule. | 68 | |
| 7515087624 | Phoenician? | The ancient language of Phoenicia. | 69 |
