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| 2352280380 | diffusion | The net movement of molecules or ions in a gas or liquid from an area of high concentration to an area where they are less concentrated. |  | 0 |
| 2352280381 | facilitated diffusion | The passive movement of molecules across membranes down their concentration gradient, which is aided by transport (carrier) protein molecules. No metabolic energy is required. |  | 1 |
| 2352280382 | osmosis | The movement of water molecules from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential across a partially permeable membrane. |  | 2 |
| 2352280383 | active transport | Movement of substances across membranes against their concentration gradient, requiring the use of energy in the form of ATP. Active transport usually involves the use of transport proteins |  | 3 |
| 2352280803 | ATP | Adenosine triphosphate - a molecule used to store energy temporarily in organisms. The molecule is broken down to adenosine diphosphate + phosphate to release energy to drive metabolic processes. |  | 4 |
| 2352280804 | concentration gradient | The gradient in molecular concentration (the difference in concentrations) that allows diffusion to occur |  | 5 |
| 2352281593 | channel proteins | A protein pore that spans a membrane, through which very small ions and water soluble molecules may pass. |  | 6 |
| 2352302461 | carrier protein | A protein found in membranes, which is capable of carrying a specific molecule or ion through the membrane by active transport. |  | 7 |
| 2352282768 | water potential | A measure of the ability of water molecules to move freely in solution. Measures the potential for a solution to lose water - this is decreased by the presence of solutes. |  | 8 |
| 2352283454 | endocytosis | The process of taking materials into a cell by surrounding them with part of the plasma membrane, which then pinches off to form a vesicle inside the cell. This is an active process requiring ATP |  | 9 |
| 2352283455 | exocytosis | The process of removing materials from the cell by fusing vesicles containing the material with the plasma membrane (cell surface membrane). |  | 10 |
