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| 10929084113 | civil service exam | a test to pick the smartest government workers (very successful) | 0 | |
| 10929092380 | Hellenism | Blending of Indian, Egyptian, Persian and Greek culture | 1 | |
| 10929113806 | Socrates | philosopher who challenged the opinions and beliefs of people, very critical of politicians | 2 | |
| 10929127832 | Silk Road | route used to ship goods from china to europe and then back to china. | 3 | |
| 10929139953 | sadhu | hermit in the forest who lives, prays,and meditates to gain spirituality (Buddhism) | 4 | |
| 10929160360 | Stoicism | philosophy of using logic and wisdom and never displaying emotion | 5 | |
| 10929174297 | Peloponnesian War | The war between Athens and Sparta that in which Sparta won (left Greece vulnerable) | 6 | |
| 10929189459 | Northern India | at the battle of hydaspes, Alexander conquered this | 7 | |
| 10929199965 | Pax Sinica | Chinese peace; under the Han Dynasty, bc Huns were defeated | 8 | |
| 10929217800 | Reincarnation | the part of Hinduism that Siddhartha Gautama believed to be wrong | 9 | |
| 10929237265 | Meroe | culture of the Egyptians and nubians blended | 10 | |
| 10929246404 | Polis | the name for the people of a Greek city-state | 11 | |
| 10929270427 | Alexandria, Egypt | the location of the greatest library in ancient history | 12 | |
| 10929284575 | Democracy | political concept invented in Athens that we use in America today. | 13 | |
| 10929316657 | oligarchy | political concept invented by some Greek city-states with 5 men in charge | 14 | |
| 10929321823 | gold deposits | found in Nubia, Egyptian kings wanted it. | 15 | |
| 10929335462 | battle of Salamis | naval battle where the Athenians defeated the Persians | 16 | |
| 10929347314 | Archimedes | Greek mathematician and inventor. discovered pi | 17 | |
| 10929359322 | Ta-Seti | "land of the bow" Nubia | 18 | |
| 10929365402 | Epicureanism | a philosophy to appreciate the better things in life | 19 | |
| 10929374057 | Nile River | river that supported the Egyptians and the Nubians | 20 | |
| 10929383375 | Perciles | Greek general and leader of Athens who created a complete from of democracy | 21 | |
| 10929394388 | oracle | the man who told Alexander the Great her was a God | 22 | |
| 10929403582 | Eight Fold Path (Buddhism) | the steps to achieve nirvana | 23 | |
| 10929416129 | Emperor Wu Di (Han) | defeated the huns | 24 | |
| 10929418643 | Hoplites | volunteer soldiers in Greek city-states who protected their city | 25 | |
| 10929434169 | Middle Path | Buddhist idea that a person should avoid all extremes in life | 26 | |
| 10929448126 | Mithraism | secret religion that worshiped a bull | 27 | |
| 10929458097 | Eratosthenes | Geographer who proved the earth was round | 28 | |
| 10929465864 | Alexandria | ancient city that replaced Athens as the center of learning in the world | 29 | |
| 10929490018 | what did the nubians trade with the egyptians | exotic east african wares | 30 | |
| 10929517037 | Who did the nubians team up with to defeat the egyptians the first time | Hyksos invaders and warrior tribes from the levant | 31 | |
| 10929527267 | did the nubian's alliance work? | yes egypt began to withdraw and Nubia returned to power | 32 | |
| 10929618746 | did the egyptians see nubia as a threat? | no because they had ruled them for so long | 33 | |
| 10929629951 | Who did Nubia invade from the south and conquer? | Egypt | 34 | |
| 10929637798 | What did the Nubian Pharoahs allow egyptians to keep? | art, culture, religion, values, and architecture | 35 | |
| 10929651590 | What did the nubian and egyptian blend, Meroe, dominate? | both language and religion | 36 | |
| 10929665274 | what did this culture culminte for the Nubians? | new written language | 37 | |
| 10929674820 | what were the Nubians fascinated with? | egyptian pyramids | 38 | |
| 10929686131 | What Nubian God was adopted into the Egyptian pantheon? | Amun | 39 | |
| 10929691884 | What did Amun become? | the new king of gods | 40 | |
| 10929698500 | Why did Nubia Pharaohs leave? | other conquerors arrived | 41 | |
| 10929709224 | Who conquered Egypt after Nubia left? | Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Macedonians, and Romans | 42 | |
| 10929722544 | what did Nubian culture continue to do? | flourish for 1000 years after the fall of Egyptian civilization | 43 | |
| 10929744407 | Throughout what era did Nubia remain an important culture that traded with them for exotic african goods? | Roman era | 44 | |
| 10929755259 | today Nubian is portrayed as what | Black african descent | 45 | |
| 10929774640 | racism from early historians indicated.... | Egyptians were lighter skinned when they weren't just because they created what they did | 46 | |
| 10929801137 | Who organized an army and managed to defeat what was left of the Qin dynasty | a peasant farmer named Liu Pang | 47 | |
| 10929814772 | Liu located his capital where? | Chang-an near the banks of the yellow river | 48 | |
| 10929822894 | Han Dynasty is remembered as what? | greatest chinese dynasty of all time | 49 | |
| 10929833668 | Why was Han the best? | leaders were concerned about the people, wanted to protect them, and wanted to maintain order and stability | 50 | |
| 10929866159 | What did Liu Pang do? | lowered taxes and removed the forced labor system | 51 | |
| 10929878312 | what was the masterstroke of Han emperors? | seeking out any surviving Confucian scholars and hiring them as advisers. | 52 | |
| 10929898549 | What was also legal again? | books | 53 | |
| 10929913538 | What did books open? | a way for revival of education | 54 | |
| 10929924080 | Confucian scholars gave Han dynasty what? | a solid foundationin wisdom that could help rulers | 55 | |
| 10929937778 | What did Han emperors realize also? | they needed smart government officials to govern such a vast empire | 56 | |
| 10929950930 | Most educated and talented men served as what? | top government officials | 57 | |
| 10929968239 | Since their was no public education, whi could only really afford the tutors to prepare them for this test? | landowner class | 58 | |
| 10929979692 | Emperor Wui Di fought who? | The Huns | 59 | |
| 10929983235 | Who were the Huns? | warlike people who attacked Chinese citiesand killed thousands of innocents | 60 | |
| 10930003512 | What was the reason Qin put the great wall up? | to stop Hun invasions and keep them out, but that didnt work b/c the wall kept collapsing and they would get through | 61 | |
| 10930040504 | What did Wui Di have to do because he needed large armies to fight off Hun invasions? | raise peasants' taxes,and increased the amount of labor and service time of peasant soldiers | 62 | |
| 10930079231 | Why couldn't Wui raise the property owners' taxes? | they threatened to rebel against him while he was fighting the Huns. | 63 | |
| 10930116098 | Fighting Huns, raising certain peoples taxes, and increasing labor of peasants lead to what? | shortage of farmers therefore fewer crops | 64 | |
| 10930125102 | What did Wui do to the Great wall? | expanded the wall in distance | 65 | |
| 10930132402 | Did Wui ever beat the Huns? | YES U GO WUI | 66 | |
| 10930140654 | by maintaining peace this created what? | period of peace called Pax Sinica | 67 | |
| 10930154437 | During this peace who began to travel to from china going west selling silk? | merchants | 68 | |
| 10930161099 | Where did the next merchants go? | further west, some realized it went all the way to the Roman empire in Europe | 69 | |
| 10930188672 | What then started making its way back to China? | Roman silver and gold | 70 | |
| 10930195467 | This was the beginning of the..... | SILK ROAD | 71 | |
| 10930280639 | Wui also established the first Chinese what? | University | 72 | |
| 10930336440 | great respect for learning, along with the Civil service exams led to improvements in what? | medicine, agriculture, philosophy, and poetry | 73 | |
| 10930352119 | (medicine, agriculture, philosophy, and poetry) What are those considered? | traditional characteristics of Chinese civilization | 74 | |
| 10930388919 | What was a major invention during peace period? | paper made from cloth and rag, (recognized sunspots with the aid of the first telescope) (not as important but still cool) | 75 | |
| 10930411198 | What did Wui's success against the Huns cause? | economic problems | 76 | |
| 10930418070 | What were some of the economic problems? | as military coasts increased, taxes had to also | 77 | |
| 10930442513 | What did landowners do while the government officials were to busy fighting the Huns to help the peasants? | took advantage of the peasants by either paying their taxes and asking for their land in return or buying their land and the money they gave the peasants would go towards the unpayed taxes. | 78 | |
| 10930478443 | What would the landowners make the peasants be after they took their land? | tenants on the land they once owned | 79 | |
| 10930492660 | After a while, what eventually led to the fall of the Han dynasty? | their share of mediocre rulers after Wui's death | 80 | |
| 10930531179 | Where did Siddhartha Gautama live? | far Eastern Asia | 81 | |
| 10930551160 | What did hinduism argue about when Siddhartha was learning about his culture? | no stoppage of reincarnation | 82 | |
| 10930568516 | What did Siddhartha witness that made him question his beliefs? | an elderly man begging on the street, he was crippled and appeared to be starving; a man in great pain slowly dying on a hospital bed; and the cremation of a corpse along the bank of a river, the man's ashes were placed in the river as he watched the family cry. | 83 | |
| 10930612791 | What did Siddhartha believe after he saw those things? | man would once again be reborn and encounter the same pain in his next life. | 84 | |
| 10930623680 | What was pain and suffering? | terrible, never-ending part of human existence | 85 | |
| 10930639205 | What did the prince think about reincarnation? | that it was flawed, and people simply moved on from one painful life to the next | 86 | |
| 10930661944 | Siddhartha renounced his role and became what? | Sadhu (wandering holy man) | 87 | |
| 10930678228 | What did Siddhartha do as a Sadhu? | constantly tested his mind and body by going on long fasts and denying himself food for long periods of while trying to meditate (dude how wth) | 88 | |
| 10930714188 | After 3 years Sidd was near the point of starvation and found what? | nothing | 89 | |
| 10930769123 | He began to share his experiences and started to reject the the suffering. What did this spring apon Sidd? | his first spiritual revelation | 90 | |
| 10930835457 | What was concluded from this revelation? | to teach the message of "the middle path" | 91 | |
| 10930845117 | What was the wisdom of the middle path? | avoid both extremism of life, whether self-abuse or over-indulgence | 92 | |
| 10930865915 | Middle path was so lit that what happened? | HE GOT DISCIPLES LIKE JESUS | 93 | |
| 10930893442 | He had another revelation after many hours of meditation. (that rhymes) (buddhism) What was this revelation? | to break the chain of reincarnation you have to achieve nirvana. | 94 | |
| 10930904604 | What is Nirvana? | a state of purity best described as "heaven" | 95 | |
| 10930919333 | To achieve nirvana they had to do what? | follow the eight fold path | 96 | |
| 10930936429 | followers then started calling Siddhartha "buddha" which means.... | religious teacher | 97 | |
| 10930952307 | what were the 8 things you had to do for the eight fold path? | right view, mind, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration (go learn the specifics elsewhere I'm not typing all that) | 98 | |
| 10930996370 | What was the brutal kingdom that came after Buddha Siddhartha Gatama? | Mauryan dynasty | 99 | |
| 10931007546 | What did they do to conquer all of india? | slaughtered entire villages and sometimes even cities. | 100 | |
| 10931025589 | Who was the mastermind of Mauryan dynasty? | King Chandragupta Maurya | 101 | |
| 10931052008 | King Chandragon dude didnt really pay attention to any religious ideas even though he was.... | "hindu" | 102 | |
| 10931361991 | King Chandragin dude was brutal but he unified what? | a large part of india | 103 | |
| 10931371312 | King Dragon was comparable to who? | chinese emperor Qin Si Huang Di | 104 | |
| 10931394004 | What often accured when Ashoka Maurya was King? | rebellions (put them down with brutal efficiency) | 105 | |
| 10931412215 | After the Battle of Kalinga what happened? | ordered a massacre of all men who rejected his rule, after the battle he looked across the field and saw tens of thousands of corpses, including women and children. | 106 | |
| 10931439334 | The sight of brutality made Ashoka do what? | convert to Buddhism | 107 | |
| 10931453296 | When India entered the Golden age what happened? | Ashoka built roads, shelters, police departments, hospitals, a school system, and made all laws standard throughout the land | 108 | |
| 10931475812 | Ashoka then stopped and started what? | stopped invading other lands, and started to do more for the betterment of the people than any other king or leader in ancient history | 109 | |
| 10931506380 | What happened after the revolts stopped and quality of life improved? | became one of the most literate nations in the world | 110 | |
| 10931558157 | What is an acropolis? | Greek city-states built at the base of a hill | 111 | |
| 10931578307 | What is an Agora? | marketplace at the center of each city, people bought and sold food and wares there.(also discussed life and met with friends) | 112 | |
| 10931613342 | Every Greek city-state and polis had its own caste system that included.... | 1) adult men born in the city 2) adult women and children 3) slaves and foreigners | 113 | |
| 10931638406 | Who were the slaves normally? | soldiers captured at war. | 114 | |
| 10931648833 | Kings ruled most cities EXCEPT... | Athens, it was a democracy | 115 | |
| 10931666464 | What was the one city-state that didnt have hoplites? | Sparta, b/c they had a full time army that only prepared for war | 116 | |
| 10931680038 | Describe the Phalanx Formation | Puts soldiers usually armed with long spears(9') in a tight, close formation...usually slow but it's devastating if correctly maneuvered also large bronze shields) | 117 | |
| 10931705459 | What were generals called? | Tyrants, they were best qualified to rule in an emergency (kings sometimes step aside, and let general take control) | 118 | |
| 10931730933 | Ancient Greeks were not what? | a unified people (city-states were independent) LAND OF MANY SMALL NATIONS | 119 | |
| 10931765161 | Greece had a __________ of people. SO they moved and did what? | overpopulation, made colonies in other parts of the mediterranean (stayed loyal to their orginal city-state) | 120 | |
| 10931835631 | what places did they move to and colonize? | spain, italy, france, the black sea coastline, and even parts of egypt (mainly mediterranean tho) | 121 | |
| 10931861308 | who were the "five kings" selected by in an oligarchy? | the people | 122 | |
| 10931880693 | What was one of the great Athenian tyrants who said "during times of peace all free men should have the right to vote"? | Cleisthenes (created first step towards democracy) | 123 | |
| 10931903937 | Athenians treated who like stars bc culture was important? | mathmeticians, scientists, writers, poets, and architects | 124 | |
| 10931924050 | Most famous philosopher who was a free thinker was? | Socrates | 125 | |
| 10931935059 | What did Socrates do? | made students question their own ideas, said politicians could be just as foolish as anyone else. therefore we should ask ourselves what they gain from what they are saying. | 126 | |
| 10932070591 | Spartans had what type of government, and what were they? | oligarchy of generals, and last surviving Mycenaean in Greece. warlike culture. | 127 | |
| 10932108125 | Slaves of Sparta? | Helots | 128 | |
| 10932117680 | Sparta was often at war so they always gathered new what? | slaves, often rebelled bc of mistreatment | 129 | |
| 10932153355 | What was the goal of the persians after Athens aided a rebellion against persians? | to destroy athens | 130 | |
| 10932163331 | What happened at the battle of Marathon? | Persians lost to the Athenian Hoplites before they were even in the city, King Darius fled back to Persia with his surviving soldiers. | 131 | |
| 10932202433 | What happened when Persian King Xerxes invaded Greece? | a small force of Spartans blocked a narrow pass that the Persians needed to pass through, on the 3rd day a traitor showed the Persians a secret route to move behind and pass them, every single Spartan was killed. | 132 | |
| 10932360765 | What is the name of the narrow pass? | Thermopylae | 133 | |
| 10932376446 | Spartans saved the people of Athens how? | they had those 3 days to flee the city and move to an island called Salamis | 134 | |
| 10932388778 | What was the battle of Salamis? | Xerxes sailed ships to Salamis after burning Athens, it was a trap, Persians got caught in a bottleneck and the Persian navy was destroyed | 135 | |
| 10932431595 | What did the Battle of Salamis guarantee? | Persia would never invade again. | 136 | |
| 10932437042 | What was the Delian League? | organization in case of a third invasion, Many city-states were invited to join this Athenian military force in exchange fro protection | 137 | |
| 10932469566 | These city-states were charged heavy taxes that went to what? | the rebuilding of Athens | 138 | |
| 10932503500 | If an Athenian commited a crime what happened? | ostracized (kicked out of the city for a number of years) | 139 | |
| 10932542032 | Athens and Sparta now had very large military forces so they eventually... | went to war with each other | 140 | |
| 10932566381 | Sparta declared war on Athens, when did the attack? | when Athens was going through an outbreak of "the plague" | 141 | |
| 10932580922 | What was the athens and spartans war called? | Peloponnesian war (everyone was involved bc of alliances) | 142 | |
| 10932602651 | When Pericles dies from the plague athens lost their leader then.... | athens navy was destroyed and Spartans ruled over Athenians harshly (war lasted 27 yrs) | 143 | |
| 10932797066 | Politicians blamed_______ for corrupting the minds of his students (scapegoat) and called fro a vote to have him executed. He did not speak and they convinced the people to execute. | Socrates | 144 | |
| 10932840257 | Plato wrote a book called | republic | 145 | |
| 10932842909 | this book said what? | he was critical of democracy bc people tend to be susceptible to corruption and vanity. a benevolent king would do more for the people than for his own desires. | 146 | |
| 10932870662 | Plato's student? | Aristotle | 147 | |
| 10932889769 | Prince Alexander was born where? | Greek kingdom of Macedon | 148 | |
| 10932899654 | Who was Alexander's tutor? | Aristotle | 149 | |
| 10932916897 | Who is King Phillip 2nd of Macedon? | warrior general, took advantage of Greece after the Peloponnesian war | 150 | |
| 10932955858 | They conquered all of Greece(even Sparta) so it was under who's rule? | Macedon | 151 | |
| 10932965022 | When Alexander ascended to the throne what happened? | they learned rebellions were planned and against Macedon by city-states | 152 | |
| 10932979990 | What did they think of Alexander? | lacked the leadership or maturity to hold onto Greek lands. | 153 | |
| 10932993241 | Thebes revolted first and did what? | killed the Macedonian soldiers posted then the Thebans were destroyed by Alexander's father's incoming army | 154 | |
| 10933015143 | What happened to Thebes? | burned to the ground, Theban polis was enslaved (other backed away after brutal attack) | 155 | |
| 10933032435 | Alexander planned to invade Persia so... | unified all of the Greek people | 156 | |
| 10933046316 | Who were Alexander's generals? | Anitgonus, Ptolemy, Seleucus | 157 | |
| 10933068356 | What happened at the Granicus River near Troy? | major battle against persian army that Alex won. (moved quickly and kept changing phalanxes) | 158 | |
| 10933086409 | Alex thought the win was a what? | good omen | 159 | |
| 10933097291 | What happened at the battle of Issus? | King Darius 3rd fled the battle to save his own life and left his men without leadership. (Alex captured the royal family and made sure they were treated with dignity) | 160 | |
| 10933126587 | Egypt loved Alexander bc.... | He scared the Persians away and the Egyptians hated the Persians | 161 | |
| 10933145095 | He founded Alexandria , Then meet a famous oracle who said what? | Alexander was a living God. he then told people he was the son of Zeus. | 162 | |
| 10933164596 | What happened at the battle of Guatemala? | Alex went to conquer babylon and meet Darius3 again, destroyed persian army,Darius fled the battle field again and was then killed by his own 2 generals | 163 | |
| 10933201524 | Alexander marches to Persepolis what did he do? | took the treasures and burned the city during the night | 164 | |
| 10933236415 | Rather than return home, Alexander marched his army into india and won at what battle? | battle of hydaspes | 165 | |
| 10933245215 | Why didnt alexander invade China? | soldiers wanted to go home | 166 | |
| 10933260142 | Returned to Babylon what did he probably die from? | malaria, battle wounds, and alcoholism | 167 | |
| 10933277688 | Before he died he told Greeks cities to worship him as what? | a god, order was nullified after his death | 168 | |
| 10933286294 | What is Hellenism? | Spreading of Greek culture throughout asia | 169 | |
| 10933324624 | Alexanders empire fell apart in a few days, why? | too large to rule, did not remain unified | 170 | |
| 10933334577 | General Seleucus | claimed Persian empire, largest, most rebellious area | 171 | |
| 10933348254 | General Antigonus | claimed Macedonia and Greek city-states, | 172 | |
| 10933355587 | General Ptolemy | claimed Egypt, richest prize, made a new dynasty that ruled over Egypt, last direct inheritor was Cleopatra | 173 | |
| 10933387215 | wherever Greek soldiers went they..... | encountered new cultures | 174 | |
| 10933401259 | greek ideas, philosophies, language, and beliefs blended with.... | the local culture | 175 | |
| 10933406689 | What were mystery religions? | new religions or revised versions of older religions | 176 | |
| 10933418762 | What is Mithraism? | ancient religion of Aryans or early Persians, from of bull | 177 | |
| 10933443115 | Alexandria, Egypt | became center of all philsophy and science | 178 | |
| 10933473285 | Physicians in perisa and india did what? | investigated new medicines and studied diseases, didnt get out bc research was lost | 179 | |
| 10933486583 | Eratosthenes | measured the circumference of the earth | 180 | |
| 10933498052 | The scientist Ptolemy, then contradicted him and claimed the earth was the center of the universe | this was adopted by the early christians | 181 | |
| 10933520472 | what is very important in the Hellenistic world? | trade | 182 | |
| 10933529668 | standard money systems did what? | simplified trade | 183 | |
| 10933534889 | Mathmetician Euclid? | created geometry | 184 | |
| 10933540271 | Scientist Archimedes? | discovered pi, also invented the giant catapult | 185 | |
| 10933550150 | biology and anatomy studied with... | cadavers from dead prisoners, much was lost | 186 | |
| 10933561555 | The philosopher Zeno founded a _____ | Stoicism | 187 | |
| 10933565456 | Epicurus created Epicureanism... what was it? | one should seek out the quality in life, appreciate the most important things in life | 188 | |
| 10933598827 | Democritus said what? | everything is made out of small things called atoms | 189 |
