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Myers' AP Psychology for AP*: Unit 3C Flashcards

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4694836204Chromosomesthreadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes.0
4694836205DNA): a complex molecule containing genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.1
4694836206Genes: the biochemical units of heredity that make up chromosomes, a segment of DNA capable of synthesizing a protein2
4694836207Behavior Genetics: the study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior.3
4694836208Enviromentevery no genetic influence, from prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us.4
4694836209Identical twins: twins who developed from single zygote that splits into two.5
4694836210Fraternal Twins: twins who develop from separate eggs. Genetically no closer than brothers and sisters but share a fetal environment6
4694836211Interactionthe effect of one factor (such as environment) depends on another factor (such as heredity)7
4694836212Molecular Geneticsthe subfield of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes.8
4694836213Genomethe complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in its chromosomes. The human genome has 3 billion weekly bonded pair of nucleotides organized as coiled chains of DNA.9
4694836214PhenotypeAn organism's physical appearance, or visible traits10
4694836215GenotypeThe combination of genes for one or more specific traits11
4694836216Heritabilitythe proportion of phenotypic variation in a population attributable to genetic factors12
4694836217Evolutionary Psychologya discussion of how genes and the environment interact and how genes change to fit the environment; NOT a discussion of how one species evolves into another; how traits that have led to survival are more likely to be passed down13
4694836218Natural Selectionthe process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals do14
4694836219MutationCertain biological and behavioral variations increase organisms' reproductive and survival chances in their particular environment15

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