Personality - Unit 10 of Myer's Psychology for AP
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| an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting | ||
| Sigmund Freud's theory proposed that childhood sexuality and unconscious motivations influence personality | ||
| focused on our inner capacities for growth and self-fulfillment | ||
| in psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing | ||
| Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the technique used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions | ||
| according to Freud, a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories. According to contemporary psychologists, information processing of which we are unaware | ||
| an area in which we can retrieve them into conscious awareness | ||
| forcibly block from our consciousness | ||
| remember the content of dreams | ||
| censored expression of the dreamer's unconscious wishes | ||
| a reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that, according to Freud, strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives | ||
| the largely conscious, "executive" part of personality that, according to Freud, mediates among the demands of the id, superego, and reality | ||
| the part of personality that, according to Freud, represents internalized ideals and provides standard for judgments (the conscience) and for future aspirations | ||
| the childhood stages of development (oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital) during which, according to Freud, the id's pleasure-seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones | ||
| according to Freud, a boy's sexual desires toward his mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred for the rival father | ||
| the process by which, according to Freud, children incorporate their parents' values into their developing superegos | ||
| according to Freud, a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual stage, in which conflicts were unresolved | ||
| in psychoanalytic theory, the ego's protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality | ||
| the basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness | ||
| defense mechanism in which an individual faced with anxiety retreats to a more infantile psychosexual stage, where some psychic energy remains fixated | ||
| defense mechanism by which the ego unconsciously switches unacceptable impulses into their opposites. Thus people, may express feelings that are the opposite of their anxiety-arousing unconscious feelings | ||
| defense mechanism by which people disguise their own threatening impulses by attributing them to others | ||
| defense mechanism that offers self-justifying explanations in place of the real, more threatening, unconscious reasons for one's actions | ||
| defense mechanism that shifts sexual or aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person, as when redirecting anger toward a safer outlet | ||
| defense mechanism by which people re-channel their inacceptable impulses into socially approved activities | ||
| defense mechanism by which people refuse to believe or even perceive painful realities | ||
| Carl Jung's concept of a shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species' history | ||
| a personality test that provides ambiguous stimuli designed to trigger projection of one's inner dynamics | ||
| a projective test in which people express their inner feelings and interests through stories they make up about ambiguous scenes | ||
| the most widely used projective test, a set of 10 inkblots, seeks to identify people's inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations of the blots | ||
| the tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors | ||
| a theory of death-related anxiety; explores people's responses to reminders of their impending death | ||
| Maslow & Rogers perspective that emphasized human potential | ||
| according to Maslow, one of the ultimate psychological needs that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved; the motivation to fulfill one's potential | ||
| meaning, purpose, and communion beyond the self | ||
| ones that surpass ordinary consciousness | ||
| an attitude of total acceptance toward another person | ||
| all our thoughts and feelings about ourselves, in answer to the question, "Who am I?" | ||
| a characteristic pattern of behavior of a disposition to feel and act, as assessed by self-report inventories and peer reports | ||
| a test according to Carl Jung's personality types in an attempt to figure out one's personality | ||
| a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of correlated test items that tap basic components of intelligence | ||
| a questionnaire on which people respond to items designed to gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors; used to assess selected personality traits | ||
| developed to identify emotional disorders | ||
| developed by testing a pool of items and then selecting those that discriminate between groups | ||
| while personality traits may be enduring, the resulting behavior in different situations is different | ||
| views behavior as influenced by the interaction between people's traits and their social context | ||
| the interacting influences of behavior, internal cognition, and environment | ||
| the extent to which people perceive control over their environment rather than feeling helpless | ||
| the perception that chance or outside forces beyond your personal control determine your fate | ||
| the perception that you control your own fate | ||
| the hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or human learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events | ||
| brings information overload and a greater likelihood that we will feel regret over some of the unchosen options | ||
| the scientific study of optimal human functioning; aims to discover and promote strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive | ||
| in contemporary psychology, assumed to be the center of personality, the organizer of our thoughts, feelings and actions | ||
| overestimating others' noticing and evaluating our appearance, performance, and blunders | ||
| one's feelings of high or low self-worth | ||
| a readiness to perceive oneself favorably | ||
| giving priority to one's own goals over group goals and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than a group identifications | ||
| giving priority to the goals of one's group and defining one's identity accordingly |
