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Natural Hazards and Disasters Flashcards

Definition cards- plate tectonics

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709388201EpicenterThe point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake0
7093882024 Types of Natural HazardsBiological, geological, atmospheric and hydrological1
709388203Example of hydrological disastersFloods, tsunami, wave action and glaciers2
709388204Examples of geological disastersEarthquakes and volcanoes3
709388205Examples of atmospheric distastersCyclones, hailstorms, blizzards and bushfires4
709388206Examples of biogolical disastersEpidemics, disease and plagues5
709388207Benefits of living on a plate boundaryFertile soil, large biodiversity, geothermal energy and6
709388208SubductionThe process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle7
709388209tsunamia giant ocean wave, caused by an underwater seizmi action under the earths suface particularlly an earthquake or volcanic eruption, with great destructive power8
7093882104 Stages of after flood initiativesERRR Emergency life saving, relief, rehabilitation, reconstruction/ recovery9
709388211lithosphereThe outer most layer of the earth including the upper mantle10
709487169Evidence of Continental DriftSIMILAR FOSSILS several fossil organisms found on different landmasses. ROCK TYPES AND STRUCTURES mountain belts that end at one coastline, only to reappear on a landmass across the ocean. SIMILAR CLIMATES glacier deposits found at the modern day equator landmasses and coral reef deposits found in Antarctica!11
709487170Tectonic Plate TheoryThe idea that the Earth's crust is divided into 12 major plates which are moved in various directions12
709487171Wegners Theory of Pangaea...13
709487172Earthquakeshaking and vibration at the surface of the earth resulting from underground movement along a fault plate or from volcanic activity14
709487173Measuring of Earthquakea seismologist is in charge of measuring the magnatude of an earthquake using a Richter scale15
709487174MitigationMeasures that are taken to make a destination less susceptible to a disaster. E.g. stronger infrastructure and bridges16
709487175Disaster managementthe steps taken after or before a distasterparticular preparedness, response and recovery in order to lessen the impact17
709487176What Drives Plate TectonicsPowerful convection currents in the mantle move the lithospheric plates across the surface of the Earth18
709487177Floodan unusual accumulation of water from rivers, lakes and creeks, flooding areas that are not usually covered in water19
709487178Richter Scaleused to measure the magnitude of an earthquake20
709487179Divergent BoundariesWhere adjacent plates move away from each other as new oceanic lithosphere is created. E.g. mid-oceanic ridges are spreading plate boundaries21
709487180Convergent BoundariesWhere plates collide and one plate is destroyed as it subducts under the other22
709487181Transform BoundariesWhere the plates slide past each other, neither creating nor destroying the plates23
709487182High BiodiversityA large number of people and animals living in a particular area24
709487183Fossil FuelsA natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms.25
709487184Geothermal EnergyEnergy derived from the heat in the interior of the earth26
709487185Volcanic SoilsThe Earth/dirt that it fertile due to the large numbers of minerals that it receives from near by volcanic magma27
709487186Lithospherea layer of the earths crust, also including the upper mantle28
709487187Ring of FireThe Pacific Ring of Fire marks the most tectonically and volcanically active region in the world29
709487188Aftershocka smaller earthquake following the main shock of a large earthquake30
709487189ChernobylA town near Kiev in Ukraine where an accident at a nuclear power station in April 1986 resulted in serious radioactive contamination in Ukraine, Belarus, and other parts of Europe31
709487190seismologistA person who studies earthquakes and the mechanical characteristics of the Earth.32
709487191seizmicRelating to earthquakes or other vibrations of the earth and its crust33
713083209E.R.R.R.Emergency life saving, relief efforts, rehabilitation and reconstruction34

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