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Orthotic Fitter Guide Flashcards

Orthotic Fitter Course Summer 2014

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3732593755What motion causes whiplash?Hyperextension or hyperflexion of the cervical spine.0
3732593756What part of the anatomy is affected by whiplash?The cervical spine.1
3732593757Define StenosisThe abnormal narrowing of a passage of the body.2
3732593758What part of the anatomy is affected by degenerative disc disease?Anywhere in the spine.3
3732593759What part of the anatomy is affected by clavicle fracture/shoulder subluxation?The clavicle and the shoulder socket. Specifically the humerus, scapula and shoulder socket.4
3732593760What is the goal of orthotic treatment regarding clavicle fracture and shoulder subluxation?To prevent movement of the injured area while providing compressive support which gives proprioceptive feedback and allowing normal range of motion of anatomy within the vicinity.5
3732593761How is tennis elbow related to lateral and medial epicondylitits?Tennis elbow is the inflammation of the extensor forearm muscle/tendon origins at the lateral epicondyle. Golfers elbow is inflammation of the flexor forearm muscle/tendon origins at the medial epicondyle.6
3732593762What nerve is involved in carpal tunnel syndrome?The median nerve.7
3732593763What is De Quervain's syndrome?A condition affecting the tendons on the thumb side of your wrist making it hard to grasp anything.8
3732593764What is the difference between a strain and a sprain?A sprain is an injury of a ligament while a strain is the injury of a muscle or tendon.9
3732593765What population is most affected by osteoporosis?Most common in older women.10
3732593766What is degenerative joint disease?Osteoarthritis11
3732593767What proper lifting techniques prevent lower back pain?Lifting with your legs keeping the spine in normal alignment.12
3732593768What are two orthotic treatment options for herniated discs?Cervical collars and LSO's.13
3732593769Why is physical therapy important regarding herniated discs?Strengthening the spine muscles helps to offload the discs.14
3732593770Related anatomy to herniated disc?An intervertebral disc is made up of an inner nucleus pulposus surrounded by an outter annulus fibrosus.15
3732593771Related anatomy to laminectomy syndrome?The anatomy of the spine that is operated on with failure to achieve outcomes.16
3732593772Related anatomy to anterior compression fractures?Fracture of the spine related to neurological problems usually. These are rare.17
3732593773Define spondylolysis as well as related anatomy.A defect in the vertebrae of the lower spine. Specifically at L5 and S1. 90% at L5 Degeneration of the pars interarticularis which is what joins the upper and lower joints. If fractured vertebrae do not articulate correctly.18
3732593774Define spondylolisthesis as well as related anatomy.L5 slides anteriorly on S1 leading to discomfort and possibly pinched nerves.19
3732593775Define geriatric kyphosis.Increased hunchback curvature of the back caused by disc degeneration in the elderly.20
3732593776Explain diabetes mellitus.Metabolic disease causing high blood sugar categorized as type one and type two.21
3732593777Orthotic treatment for venous insufficiency?Devices that offer compression to help return blood to the heart.22
3732593778Orthotic treatment for deep vein thrombosis?Compression stockings.23
3732593779What is the role of the lymphatic system?It is part of the immune system that helps fight infection and disease.24
3732593780Measurement and comparison of limb size can aid in the what?The diagnosis of lymphedema.25
3732593781What role does an orthotic fitter have in managing lymphedema?Use of compressive stockings and orthotics that aid in movement to cycle lymph.26
3732593782How is leg length discrepancy measured?Measure between the anterior superior illiac spine and medial malleolus.27
3732593783How is chondromalacia (patellofemoral syndrome) impacted by the q angle?A Q angle of greater than 15 degrees can cause symptoms.28
3732593784Regarding osteoarthritis, what compartment is involved if genu varum is seen?Medial29
3732593785How is osteoarthritis managed with orthotics?Compressive as well as offloading functional knee braces and wedged shoes.30
3732593786What population is affected by Osgood Schlatter's disease?Children and adolescents going through growth spurts during puberty.31
3732593787What part of the anatomy is damaged by Osgood Schlatter's disease?A painful lump forms on the tibial tuberosity just below the knee cap.32
3732593788Treatment plan for ACL/PCL/LCL/MCL insufficiency?Bracing to support the joint as well as rest and physical therapy to strengthen the joint over time. MCL most common.33
3732593789Patient experiences what with a meniscus tear?A large pop.34
3732593790What are the treaments for bursitis/tendonitis?Limiting the movement in the inflamed areas, rest, "rice", nsaids, or surgery in extreme cases.35
3732593791What is the purpose of a bursae?Fluid filled sacs that aid in smooth movement of bones, tendons and muscles.36
3732593792What are the risk factors for bursitis/tendonitis?Age, occupations, and hobbies.37
3732593793What does R.I.C.E. stand for?Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation38
3732593794What are the symptoms of plantar fasciitis?Shooting pain during first steps of the day.39
3732593795Heel spurs are common with what diagnosis?Plantar fasciitis.40
3732593796What are pressure ulcers?Open wounds caused by excess pressure or friction on a body part.41
3732593797What orthotic treatment plan would be used for posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction?A foot orthotic to treat flatfoot.42
3732593798Define peripheral neuropathy.Damage of the peripheral nerve usually in the hands and feet.43
3732593799Regarding peripheral neuropathy the patient education needs to include what?Life style management.44
3732593800What orthotic treatment would be used for achilles tendon rupture?An orthotic with an elevated heel to allow the tendon to heal properly.45
3732593801What anatomy is involved in midfoot/metatarsal fractures?Navicular, cuboid, cuneiforms and metatarsals.46
3732593802A gait cycle starts with heel strike and ends with what?Heel strike of the same limb.47
3732593803Stance is what approximately percentage of the gait cycle?60%48
3732593804Swing is approximately what percentage of the gait cycle?40%49
3732593805Double limb support or double stance is what percentage of the gait cycle?20-25%50
3732593806List the four components of the stance phase.Loading response, Midstance, Terminal Stance, and Preswing.51
3732593807List the three components of the swing phase.Initial swing, midswing, and termial swing.52
3732593808Why do most gait problems become apparent during the stance phase?It is the weight bearing phase.53
3732593809In the sagittal plane at midstance the ankle is what?In a neutral position with the tibial shank perpendicular to the floor.54
3732593810The ankle is held in blank during swing phase?Neutral55
3732593811At what point in gait does the knee reach maximum knee flexion and why?60-65 degrees of knee flexion occurs at midswing for the purpose of foot clearance.56
3732593812After initial contact or heel strike, the knee flexes to absorb what?Shock.57
3732593813The hamstrings blank the thigh.Decelerate58
3732593814After heel strike, the ankle blank.Plantarflexes59
3732593815What muscles dorsiflex the foot?Anterior tibialis, extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus, fibularis(peroneus) tertius60
3732593816A foot slap occurs due to weakness of what muscle group?Dorsiflexors61
3732593817Right step length plus left step length equals blank length.Stride62
3732593818In normal gait, the right step length and left step length are blank.Equal63

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