Definitions from chapter 21 of the "Out of Many" United States History textbook
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| 929131710 | muckraking | journalism exposing economic, social, and political evils, so named by Theodore Roosevelt for its "raking the muck" of American society | |
| 929131711 | social darwinism | the application of Charles Darwin's theory of biological evolution to society, holding that the fittest and wealthiest survive, the weak and the poor perish, and government action is unable to alter this "natural" process | |
| 929131712 | referendum | submission of a law, proposed or already in effect, to a direct popular vote for approval or rejection | |
| 929131713 | progressive era | an era in the United States (roughly between 1900 and 1917) in which important movements challenged traditional relationships and attitudes | |
| 929131714 | temperance groups | groups dedicated to reducing the sale and consumption of alcohol | |
| 929131715 | prohibition | a ban on the production, sale, and consumption of liquor, achieved temporarily through state laws and the Eighteenth Amendment | |
| 929131716 | open shop | the name for a workplace where unions were not allowed | |
| 929131717 | wobblies | popular name for the members of the Industrial Workers of the World | |
| 929131718 | bohemian | artistic individual who lives with disregard for the conventional rules of behavior | |
| 929131719 | niagara movement | african american group organized in 1905 to promote racial integration, civil and political rights, and equal access to economic opportunity | |
| 929131720 | national association for the advancement of colored people (NAACP) | interracial organization co-founded by W. E. B. Du Bois in 1910 dedicated to restoring African American political and social rights | |
| 929131721 | sherman antitrust act | the first federal antitrust measure, passed in 1890; sought to promote economic competition by prohibiting business combinations in restraint of trade or commerce | |
| 929131722 | hepburn act | act that strengthened the Interstate Commerce Commission by authorizing it to set maximum railroad rates and inspect financial records | |
| 929131723 | pure food and drug act | act that established the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which tested and approved drugs before they went on the market | |
| 929131724 | new freedom | Woodrow Wilson's 1912 program for limited government intervention in he economy to restore competition by curtailing the restrictive influences of trusts and protective tariffs, thereby providing opportunities for individual achievement | |
| 929131725 | underwood simmons act of 1913 | reform law that lowered tariff rates and levied the first regular federal income tax | |
| 929131726 | sixteenth amendment | authorized a federal income tax | |
| 929131727 | federal reserve act | the 1913 law that revised banking and currency by extending limited government regulation through the creation of the Federal Reserve System | |
| 929131728 | clayton antitrust act of 1914 | replaced the old sherman act of 1890 as the nation's basic antitrust law. It exempted union from being construed as illegal combinations in restraint of trade, and it forbade federal courts from issuing injunctions against strikers | |
| 929131729 | federal trade commission (FTC) | government agency established in 1914 to provide regulatory oversight of business activity | |
| 929131730 | initiative* | procedure by which citizens can introduce a subject for legislation, usually through a petition signed by a specific number of voters | |
| 929131731 | recall* | the process of removing an official form office by popular vote, usually after using petitions to call for such a vote |
