Definitions from the vocabulary of chapter 6 from the "Out of Many" AP United States History textbook
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| 1672694519 | Benjamin Franklin's plan of union | plan put forward in 1754 calling for an intercolonial union to manage defense and Indian affairs, the plan was rejected by participants at the Albany Congress | 0 | |
| 1672694520 | french and indian war | the last of the Anglo-French colonial wars (1754-1763) and the first in which fighting began in North America, the war ended with France's defeat | 1 | |
| 1672694521 | treaty of paris | the formal end to British hostilities against France and Spain in february 1763 | 2 | |
| 1672694522 | royal proclamation of 1763 | royal proclamation setting the boundary known as the proclamation line | 3 | |
| 1672694523 | whigs | the name used by advocates of colonial resistance to British measures during the 1760s and 1770s | 4 | |
| 1672694524 | republicanism | a complex, changing body of ideas, values, and assumptions, closely related to country ideology, that influenced American political behavior during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries | 5 | |
| 1672694525 | sugar act | law passed in 1764 to raise revenue in the American colonies, it lowered the duty from 6 pence to 3 pence per gallon on foreign molasses imported into the colonies and increased the restrictions on colonial commerce | 6 | |
| 1672694526 | stamp act | law passed by Parliament in 1765 to raise revenue in America by requiring taxed, stamped paper for legal documents, publications, and playing cards | 7 | |
| 1672694527 | virtual representation | the notion that parliamentary members represented the interests of the nation as a whole, not those of the particular district that elected them | 8 | |
| 1672694528 | actual representation | the practice whereby elected representatives normally reside in their districts and are directly responsive to local interests | 9 | |
| 1672694529 | nonimportation movement | a tactical means of putting economic pressure on Britain by refusing to buy its exports to the colonies | 10 | |
| 1672694530 | declaratory act | law passed in 1776 to accompany repeal of the Stamp Act that stated that Parliament had the authority to legislate for the colonies in all cases whatsoever | 11 | |
| 1672694531 | Townshend revenue acts | acts of Parliament, passed in 1767, imposing duties on colonial tea, lead, paint, paper, and glass | 12 | |
| 1672694532 | sons of liberty | secret organizations in the colonies formed to oppose the Stamp Act | 13 | |
| 1672694533 | boston massacre | after months of increasing friction between townspeople and the British troops stationed in the city, on March 5, 1770, British troops fired on American civilians in Boston | 14 | |
| 1672694534 | tea act of 1773 | act of Parliament that permitted the East India Company to sell through agents in America without paying the duty customarily collected in Britain, thus reducing the retail price | 15 | |
| 1672694535 | boston tea party | incident that occurred on December 16, 1773, in which Bostonians, disguised as Indians, destroyed tea belonging to the British East India Company in order to prevent payment of the duty on it | 16 | |
| 1672694536 | coercive acts | legislation passed by Parliament in 1774; included the Boston Port Act, the Massachusetts Government Act, the Administration of Justice Act, and the Quartering Act of 1774 | 17 | |
| 1672694537 | quartering act | Acts of Parliament requiring colonial legislatures to provide supplies and quarters for the troops stationed in America | 18 | |
| 1672694538 | quebec act | law passed by Parliament in 1774 that provided an appointed government for Canada, enlarged the boundaries of Quebec, and confirmed the privileges of the Catholic Church | 19 | |
| 1672694539 | committees of correspondence | committees formed in Massachusetts and other colonies in the pre-Revolutionary period to keep Americans informed about British measures that would affect the colonies | 20 | |
| 1672694540 | first continental congress | meeting of delegates from most of the colonies held in 1774 in response to the Coercive Acts | 21 | |
| 1672694541 | committee of Observation and safety | any of the extralegal committees that directed the revolutionary movement and carried on the functions of government at the local level | 22 | |
| 1672694542 | minutemen | special companies of militia formed in Massachusetts and elsewhere beginning in late 1744 | 23 | |
| 1672694543 | declaration of independence | the document by which the Second Continental Congress announced and justified its decision to renounce the colonies' allegiance to the British government | 24 | |
| 1742336678 | George Washington | selected by the Second Continental Congress to head the improvised colonial army in Boston; had very little experience, but was of good character and was a Virginian (eased southern colonists minds about creating a big New England army); led the battle at Trenton | 25 | |
| 1742336679 | Second Continental Congress | intercolonial assembly that met in Philadelphia on May 10, 1775; all thirteen colonies were represented; still wanted to just get British acts repealed and wrote new appeals to British people and king, but raised money to create an army and navy | 26 | |
| 1742336680 | Patrick Henry | cried before the Virginia Assembly, "Give me liberty or give me death!" | 27 | |
| 1742336681 | Thomas Paine | wrote Common Sense in 1776; helped American public recognize the need to separate from the crown | 28 | |
| 1742336682 | Common Sense | pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1776; 120,000 copies sold (best seller); taught ideas that Britain should not be governing America because smaller heavenly bodies do not control larger ones; also called not just for independence, but for the creation of a republic, where power flowed from the people themselves, not from a corrupt and despotic monarch; language laced with biblical imagery familiar to common folk | 29 | |
| 1742336683 | The Seven Years War | When this conflict ended in 1763, France was no longer a great colonial power, having lost most of its possessions to the British, and many in France became convinced of the need for political reform. End of war restored borders and convinced colonists of their own power. | 30 | |
| 1742336684 | Nationalism | A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country | 31 | |
| 1742336685 | Proclamation of 1763 | A proclamation from the British government which forbade British colonists from settling west of the Appalacian Mountains, and which required any settlers already living west of the mountains to move back east. | 32 | |
| 1742336686 | Neolin, Delaware prophet | A western Delaware Indian. In 1761 had a vision in which God commanded Indians to resume their ancestral ways. Called for the end of Indian dependence on Anglo-Americans because God was punishing Indians for accepting European ways. The result of this was Pontiac's War. | 33 | |
| 1742336687 | Thomas Hutchinson | Governor of Boston who ordered cargo of tea to be unloaded in Boston despite colonial objection | 34 | |
| 1742336688 | Declaration of Resolves | Debate in the first continental congress in which they asserted that all the colonists sprang from a common tradition and enjoys rights guaranteed by the constitution. Foundation of English liberty, and of all free government, is a right of the people to participate in their legislative council. | 35 | |
| 1742336689 | Olive Branch Petition | An offer of peace sent by the Second Continental Congress to King George lll | 36 | |
| 1742336690 | King George III | (1) King of England from 1760 to 1820, he man exercised a greater hand in the government of the American colonies than had many of his predecessors; colonists felt loyal to him even in the 1770s but grew torn in their loyalty as Parliament carried out more acts & taxes in his name; (2) when he rejected the Olive Branch Petition, many colonists came to see him as a tyrant | 37 | |
| 1742336691 | Albany Congress of 1754 | Meeting of representatives from seven of the thirteen colonies, discuss better relations with the Indian tribes and common defensive measures against the French. | 38 | |
| 1742336692 | General Braddock | British commander in the French and Indian War. He was killed and his army defeated in a battle at the intersection of the Ohio, Allegheny, and Monongahela Rivers, known as the Battle of Fallen Timbers. After his death, his colonial second-in-command, Col. George Washington, temporarily lead the British forces. | 39 | |
| 1742336693 | William Pitt | The Prime Minister of England during the French and Indian War. He increased the British troops and military supplies in the colonies, and this is why England won the war. | 40 | |
| 1742336694 | James Otis Jr. | Massachusetts lawyer who claimed that Parliament didn't have the right to tax the colonies since they had no representation there, coined the phrase "No taxation without representation" | 41 | |
| 1742336695 | Prime Minister Grenville | A British Whig statesman who rose to the position of Prime Minister of Great Britain. His best-known policy was the Stamp Act, an exclusive tax on the colonies in America. In 1765, he was dismissed by George III and replaced by Lord Rockingham. | 42 | |
| 1742336696 | John Dickson's A Letter From A Farmer in Pennsylvainia | Written by Philadelphia lawyer who posed as farmer, who argued that Britain had a right to regulate trade but not to tax goods in order to raise revenue. | 43 | |
| 1742336697 | Samuel Adams | American Revolutionary leader and patriot, Founder of the Sons of Liberty and one of the most vocal patriots for independence; signed the Declaration of Independence | 44 | |
| 1742336698 | Massachusettes Circular Letter | encouraged all colonies to support Non-Importation agreements | 45 |
